Suchergebnisse

The opening first of the Soviet and subsequently Russian economy finally exposed it legitimately to global standards; so too, the management of research and development (R&D), which is the subject of this book. The work offers an up-to-date review of the status of Soviet R&D and its positionin the Soviet-style economic system, based on the use of previously unpublished sources (including personal interviews) and existing Western literature. The study provides a thorough historical and international comparison of the extent of resources constituting the Soviet R&D community and its effort and output to a wide range of large and small, Western and Eastern nations. A key aspect of the book is the emphasisof valuable elements of the R&D establishment and accompanying components created under the former communist regime in essentially Russia's bid to rejoin the world scientific and economic communities, and to discuss the requirements for a new style of R&D management to complement such a formidable goal. The book also alludes to the potential economic impact for the Russian and world economies should Russian R&D be harnessed to generate economic growth under the emerging market principles

This book introduces readers to essential technology assessment and forecasting tools, demonstrating their use on the basis of multiple cases. As organizations in the high-tech industry need to be able to assess emerging technologies, the book presents cases in which formal decision-making models are developed, providing a framework for decision-making in the context of technology acquisition and development. Applications of different technology forecasting tools are also discussed for a range of technologies and sectors, providing a guide to keep R & D organizations abreast of technological trends that affect their business. As such, the book offers a valuable the theoretical and practical reference guide for R & D managers responsible for emerging and future technologies.

Foresight is actively used worldwide within the framework of the national research and development policy. At that transformation of foresight into a regularly used tool of long-term forecasting depends on a number of institutional, organizational and political factors. The author attempts to identify such factors based on analysis of the foresight practice in the UK, Brazil and Russia. ; Метод форсайта широко используется в государственной научно-технической политике разных стран для определения приоритетов НИОКР. При этом закрепление форсайта в качестве регулярно применяемого инструмента зависит от ряда институциональных, организационных и политических факторов. Автором предпринята попытка выявить подобные факторы на основе анализа практики форсайт-исследований в Великобритании, Бразилии и России.

This paper seeks to provide guidelines to governments planning to undertake research and development programmes aimed at finding ways to manage irrigation systems in a sustainable way. After describing the challenges affecting irrigated agriculture at the present time, the paper presents two examples of action-oriented research projects, from which some preliminary principles for effective irrigation management research and development are derived.