In the theoretical part was made yielded a holistic approach to sustainable development (SD). In order to examine energetical discourse in online media, was made the online media review and analyzed information presentation. News framing theory analysis revealed how the media builds knowledge from the news and how this affects the political, economical and social reality. Also described the manipulation of society (propaganda) mechanisms. Prepared energetic discourse shaping and it's features, in online media, analysis methodology in social and environmental aspects, also made quantitative and qualitative study, which analyzed online news sites Deli.lt, Lrytas.lt and Balsas.lt energetic-themed text's in 2012 February 1-2013 January 31 period(a total 619 articles). The conclusion was made in the end of work.
In the theoretical part was made yielded a holistic approach to sustainable development (SD). In order to examine energetical discourse in online media, was made the online media review and analyzed information presentation. News framing theory analysis revealed how the media builds knowledge from the news and how this affects the political, economical and social reality. Also described the manipulation of society (propaganda) mechanisms. Prepared energetic discourse shaping and it's features, in online media, analysis methodology in social and environmental aspects, also made quantitative and qualitative study, which analyzed online news sites Deli.lt, Lrytas.lt and Balsas.lt energetic-themed text's in 2012 February 1-2013 January 31 period(a total 619 articles). The conclusion was made in the end of work.
In the theoretical part was made yielded a holistic approach to sustainable development (SD). In order to examine energetical discourse in online media, was made the online media review and analyzed information presentation. News framing theory analysis revealed how the media builds knowledge from the news and how this affects the political, economical and social reality. Also described the manipulation of society (propaganda) mechanisms. Prepared energetic discourse shaping and it's features, in online media, analysis methodology in social and environmental aspects, also made quantitative and qualitative study, which analyzed online news sites Deli.lt, Lrytas.lt and Balsas.lt energetic-themed text's in 2012 February 1-2013 January 31 period(a total 619 articles). The conclusion was made in the end of work.
Public procurement concentrates large public sector's purchasing power, and has a significant impact on each country's economic development. The purpose of public procurement procedure is transparency, non-discrimination and accordance to the principles of fair competition in acquisition of goods, services and works necessary for the smooth functioning of the public administration. Besides, public procurement can be one of the most important instruments for sustainable development and other purposes useful to the whole society and the economy of the country. This article briefly discusses the concept of sustainable public procurement, reveals its main ideas and applications. One of them, the social sphere, was chosen the main object of the research. The possibility to decrease unemployment, to increase an integration of socially vulnerable group, and to achieve other socially-oriented goals through an effective implementation of the social aspect of sustainable public procurement has been illustrated. Thus, the article analyses the concept of social procurement, assesses the current situation in Lithuania, overviews the good practice of other countries and provides recommendations for measures to extend the application of socially oriented procurement.
Public procurement concentrates large public sector's purchasing power, and has a significant impact on each country's economic development. The purpose of public procurement procedure is transparency, non-discrimination and accordance to the principles of fair competition in acquisition of goods, services and works necessary for the smooth functioning of the public administration. Besides, public procurement can be one of the most important instruments for sustainable development and other purposes useful to the whole society and the economy of the country. This article briefly discusses the concept of sustainable public procurement, reveals its main ideas and applications. One of them, the social sphere, was chosen the main object of the research. The possibility to decrease unemployment, to increase an integration of socially vulnerable group, and to achieve other socially-oriented goals through an effective implementation of the social aspect of sustainable public procurement has been illustrated. Thus, the article analyses the concept of social procurement, assesses the current situation in Lithuania, overviews the good practice of other countries and provides recommendations for measures to extend the application of socially oriented procurement.
Legal Aspects of Representativeness of Social Partners In this study are analysed international, European Union, foreign countries and Lithuanian laws regulating the right of social partners to represent their members and the legal requirements for representativeness of social partners. The mentioned legal acts are analysed in order to present the definition of social partners, to reveal the legal concepts of the representativeness of social partners at international and European Union level and to identify the models of representativeness of social partners. In the first part of the study the historical overview of social partnership in labour law and the concept of social partners operating at international, European Union and national level are presented in order to provide the definition of social partners which is needed for further research. In the second part of the study it is examined the concepts of representativeness of social partners in international and European Union labour law, and on the basis of foreign countries legislation, it is distinguished the main models of representation of social partners and provided a detailed analysis of these models. In the third part of the study it is examined the influence of social partners on the European Union and Lithuanian legislation in determining the extent to which the social partners' representativity criteria have been precisely identified or implied, with the involvement of social partners in legislatives processes and suggestions are made to improve the existing regime in Lithuania. The results of the research show that the analysis of international, European Union, foreign countries and Lithuanian legislation allows to present the concept of social partners, to distinguish two legal concepts of representativeness of social partners and to present four different models of representation of social partners. According to the research carried out, it was found that the criteria of representativeness of the social partners clearly established in the Lithuanian legislation would help to answer the problematic issues arising from the lack of the criteria of representativeness of social partners which are not enshrined in Lithuanian laws.
Legal Aspects of Representativeness of Social Partners In this study are analysed international, European Union, foreign countries and Lithuanian laws regulating the right of social partners to represent their members and the legal requirements for representativeness of social partners. The mentioned legal acts are analysed in order to present the definition of social partners, to reveal the legal concepts of the representativeness of social partners at international and European Union level and to identify the models of representativeness of social partners. In the first part of the study the historical overview of social partnership in labour law and the concept of social partners operating at international, European Union and national level are presented in order to provide the definition of social partners which is needed for further research. In the second part of the study it is examined the concepts of representativeness of social partners in international and European Union labour law, and on the basis of foreign countries legislation, it is distinguished the main models of representation of social partners and provided a detailed analysis of these models. In the third part of the study it is examined the influence of social partners on the European Union and Lithuanian legislation in determining the extent to which the social partners' representativity criteria have been precisely identified or implied, with the involvement of social partners in legislatives processes and suggestions are made to improve the existing regime in Lithuania. The results of the research show that the analysis of international, European Union, foreign countries and Lithuanian legislation allows to present the concept of social partners, to distinguish two legal concepts of representativeness of social partners and to present four different models of representation of social partners. According to the research carried out, it was found that the criteria of representativeness of the social partners clearly established in the Lithuanian legislation would help to answer the problematic issues arising from the lack of the criteria of representativeness of social partners which are not enshrined in Lithuanian laws.
Legal Aspects of Representativeness of Social Partners In this study are analysed international, European Union, foreign countries and Lithuanian laws regulating the right of social partners to represent their members and the legal requirements for representativeness of social partners. The mentioned legal acts are analysed in order to present the definition of social partners, to reveal the legal concepts of the representativeness of social partners at international and European Union level and to identify the models of representativeness of social partners. In the first part of the study the historical overview of social partnership in labour law and the concept of social partners operating at international, European Union and national level are presented in order to provide the definition of social partners which is needed for further research. In the second part of the study it is examined the concepts of representativeness of social partners in international and European Union labour law, and on the basis of foreign countries legislation, it is distinguished the main models of representation of social partners and provided a detailed analysis of these models. In the third part of the study it is examined the influence of social partners on the European Union and Lithuanian legislation in determining the extent to which the social partners' representativity criteria have been precisely identified or implied, with the involvement of social partners in legislatives processes and suggestions are made to improve the existing regime in Lithuania. The results of the research show that the analysis of international, European Union, foreign countries and Lithuanian legislation allows to present the concept of social partners, to distinguish two legal concepts of representativeness of social partners and to present four different models of representation of social partners. According to the research carried out, it was found that the criteria of representativeness of the social partners clearly established in the Lithuanian legislation would help to answer the problematic issues arising from the lack of the criteria of representativeness of social partners which are not enshrined in Lithuanian laws.
Legal Aspects of Representativeness of Social Partners In this study are analysed international, European Union, foreign countries and Lithuanian laws regulating the right of social partners to represent their members and the legal requirements for representativeness of social partners. The mentioned legal acts are analysed in order to present the definition of social partners, to reveal the legal concepts of the representativeness of social partners at international and European Union level and to identify the models of representativeness of social partners. In the first part of the study the historical overview of social partnership in labour law and the concept of social partners operating at international, European Union and national level are presented in order to provide the definition of social partners which is needed for further research. In the second part of the study it is examined the concepts of representativeness of social partners in international and European Union labour law, and on the basis of foreign countries legislation, it is distinguished the main models of representation of social partners and provided a detailed analysis of these models. In the third part of the study it is examined the influence of social partners on the European Union and Lithuanian legislation in determining the extent to which the social partners' representativity criteria have been precisely identified or implied, with the involvement of social partners in legislatives processes and suggestions are made to improve the existing regime in Lithuania. The results of the research show that the analysis of international, European Union, foreign countries and Lithuanian legislation allows to present the concept of social partners, to distinguish two legal concepts of representativeness of social partners and to present four different models of representation of social partners. According to the research carried out, it was found that the criteria of representativeness of the social partners clearly established in the Lithuanian legislation would help to answer the problematic issues arising from the lack of the criteria of representativeness of social partners which are not enshrined in Lithuanian laws.
The authors of the article state that the development of precariat is a social phenomenon produced by the neoliberal political and economic project, for the scientific analysis of which both worldwide and in Lithu- ania, according to the authors, insufficient attention is paid. The article introduces a qualitative analysis reviewing the formation and develop- ment of precariat, as a comparatively new qualitative economic-social phenomenon. The influence of this phenomenon for various areas of the societal life has not raised any doubts recently, yet they have huge influence on such areas as closer and more distant work environment, the opportunities of social dialogue and social security of employees. Theoretically it is not clear if the development of precariat should be considered as the formation of "some kind of class" with its own attrib- utes, or "work status", where an employee is merely short of a number of things within his work environment and his social security rights are not ensured. Even though for some "voluntary" precariat representatives such unstable, "unbound" situation associates with the "economics of happiness", for many members of involuntary precariat it marks a much greater exploitation by the employers, less security, "dequalification" and worse rights in the area of social security. At the end of the article the authors provide their conclusions and pro- posals regarding the issues related to the undefined status of precariat, as well as possible solutions. Increasing the scope of social security and the ensuring the guarantees of self-employed is one of the measures in socially oriented countries to solve the issues related to the precariat. Allocation of basic, universal income for all residents is one of the pos- sibly effective measures in improving the situation of precariat and other residents and ensuring social safeness in modern world. Another needed measure for overcoming the negative conditions of precarious- ness is effective social work with its reviving of values of life and people abilities by means of social services in the present world. Social work with its professional and ethical strength can enable the necessary "par- ticipative" and "empowerment" changes in policy and politics on the local, national and international levels and development towards social cohesion and sustainability in society.
The authors of the article state that the development of precariat is a social phenomenon produced by the neoliberal political and economic project, for the scientific analysis of which both worldwide and in Lithu- ania, according to the authors, insufficient attention is paid. The article introduces a qualitative analysis reviewing the formation and develop- ment of precariat, as a comparatively new qualitative economic-social phenomenon. The influence of this phenomenon for various areas of the societal life has not raised any doubts recently, yet they have huge influence on such areas as closer and more distant work environment, the opportunities of social dialogue and social security of employees. Theoretically it is not clear if the development of precariat should be considered as the formation of "some kind of class" with its own attrib- utes, or "work status", where an employee is merely short of a number of things within his work environment and his social security rights are not ensured. Even though for some "voluntary" precariat representatives such unstable, "unbound" situation associates with the "economics of happiness", for many members of involuntary precariat it marks a much greater exploitation by the employers, less security, "dequalification" and worse rights in the area of social security. At the end of the article the authors provide their conclusions and pro- posals regarding the issues related to the undefined status of precariat, as well as possible solutions. Increasing the scope of social security and the ensuring the guarantees of self-employed is one of the measures in socially oriented countries to solve the issues related to the precariat. Allocation of basic, universal income for all residents is one of the pos- sibly effective measures in improving the situation of precariat and other residents and ensuring social safeness in modern world. Another needed measure for overcoming the negative conditions of precarious- ness is effective social work with its reviving of values of life and people abilities by means of social services in the present world. Social work with its professional and ethical strength can enable the necessary "par- ticipative" and "empowerment" changes in policy and politics on the local, national and international levels and development towards social cohesion and sustainability in society.
The article presents empirical data from qualitative interviews with leaders and representatives of Russian ethnic group nongovernmental organizations conducted inthe cities of Vilnius, Klaipėda and Kaunas in 2016–2017. The analysis of aspects of social justice in civic participation of the Russian ethnic minority group is presented in the article. The author applies the definition of Nancy Fraser (1996, 2007), who distinguishes three dimensions of social justice: economic, cultural and political, associated with redistribution, recognition policy and political representation. It is discussed if and how the motives, goals and activities of the Russian nongovernmental organizations are linked or related to these mentioned dimensions. The study revealed that the field of activity of the Russian nongovernmental organizations mainly focuses on cultural activities and cultural aspects related to the policy of recognition of ethnic groups. The empirical data is collected in the framework of the research project which addresses the experiences of social and historical justice by different generations of Lithuanians and Lithuanian Russians. The research project is funded by the Research Council of Lithuania and conducted by a group of researchers from the Lithuanian Social Research Centre (the number of this project is LIP-031/2016).
The article presents empirical data from qualitative interviews with leaders and representatives of Russian ethnic group nongovernmental organizations conducted inthe cities of Vilnius, Klaipėda and Kaunas in 2016–2017. The analysis of aspects of social justice in civic participation of the Russian ethnic minority group is presented in the article. The author applies the definition of Nancy Fraser (1996, 2007), who distinguishes three dimensions of social justice: economic, cultural and political, associated with redistribution, recognition policy and political representation. It is discussed if and how the motives, goals and activities of the Russian nongovernmental organizations are linked or related to these mentioned dimensions. The study revealed that the field of activity of the Russian nongovernmental organizations mainly focuses on cultural activities and cultural aspects related to the policy of recognition of ethnic groups. The empirical data is collected in the framework of the research project which addresses the experiences of social and historical justice by different generations of Lithuanians and Lithuanian Russians. The research project is funded by the Research Council of Lithuania and conducted by a group of researchers from the Lithuanian Social Research Centre (the number of this project is LIP-031/2016).
The article presents empirical data from qualitative interviews with leaders and representatives of Russian ethnic group nongovernmental organizations conducted inthe cities of Vilnius, Klaipėda and Kaunas in 2016–2017. The analysis of aspects of social justice in civic participation of the Russian ethnic minority group is presented in the article. The author applies the definition of Nancy Fraser (1996, 2007), who distinguishes three dimensions of social justice: economic, cultural and political, associated with redistribution, recognition policy and political representation. It is discussed if and how the motives, goals and activities of the Russian nongovernmental organizations are linked or related to these mentioned dimensions. The study revealed that the field of activity of the Russian nongovernmental organizations mainly focuses on cultural activities and cultural aspects related to the policy of recognition of ethnic groups. The empirical data is collected in the framework of the research project which addresses the experiences of social and historical justice by different generations of Lithuanians and Lithuanian Russians. The research project is funded by the Research Council of Lithuania and conducted by a group of researchers from the Lithuanian Social Research Centre (the number of this project is LIP-031/2016).
