Suchergebnisse

Социально-экологические проблемы современности ; Равенство между мужчинами и женщинами в сфере экономики, доступа к образованию, услугам здравоохранения, сфере обеспечения политических прав и свобод является одним из важнейших в мире индикаторов уровня демократизации общества. Содействие гендерному равенству способствует устойчивому развитию экономических и социальных систем. Тем не менее, ни у одной страны мира не получилось добиться полного равноправия между мужчинам и женщинами = Equality between men and women in the field of economy, education, health and politics is the most important indicator of the level of democratization of society. Promotion of gender equality contributes to the sustainable development of economic and social system. But not country in the world, could not achieve this

The article examines in detail the problems associated with the development of Buddhism, which introduced a personal aspect to religion and embodied the idea of the need for compassion for all living beings. A special place is occupied by the analysis of the moral and social component of this religion. Buddhism is seen as a protest movement that originated in India and is directed against the frozen hierarchy, mechanical ritualism and greed of the Brahmins. This religion challenged the Brahmin hierarchy, appealing primarily to warriors, kings, and the mass of the free population. The Buddhist community was a brotherhood of mendicant monks who did not perform any rituals, but only showed people the way to salvation by the example of their lives. Buddhism is also one of the radical reformist teachings, not only intellectually, but also socially. He called people, first of all, to inner perfection, the last stage of which can be achieved only through kindness and benevolence to all living beings. The central point of this article is devoted to the debate about the reality of the Buddha's existence, his teaching and the transformations of this teaching. A significant place is given to the description of the way of life of Buddhist monks, the relationship within the Buddhist community and with the laity. The reasons for the attractiveness of Buddhism and its easy adaptability to other religious doctrines are substantiated. The possibilities of transformation of Buddhism, including within the framework of syncretic creeds, as well as in the activities of totalitarian and pseudo-religious sects, are shown. Examples of the politicization of this religion and its inclusion in the activities of fundamentalist organizations are given. ; В статье детально рассматриваются проблемы, связанные с развитием буддизма, который привнес в религию личностный аспект и воплотил идею о необходимости сострадания ко всем живым существам. Особое место занимает анализ нравственной и социальной составляющей данной религии. Буддизм рассматривается как протестное движение, зародившееся в Индии, и направленное против застывшего иерархизма, механической обрядовости и корыстолюбия брахманов. Эта религия поставила под сомнение брахманскую иерархию, апеллировал в первую очередь к воинам, царям и массе свободного населения. Буддистская община представляла собой братство нищенствующих монахов, которые не совершали никаких обрядов, а лишь примером своей жизни указывали людям путь к спасению. Буддизм — это также одно из радикальных реформистских учений не только в интеллектуальном, но и в социальном аспектах. Он призывал людей, прежде всего, к внутреннему совершенствованию, последней ступени которого можно достичь лишь благодаря доброте и доброжелательности ко всем живым существам. Центральное место в данной статье посвящено спору о реальности существования Будды, его учению и трансформациям этого учения. Значительное место отводится описанию образа жизни буддийских монахов, взаимоотношениям внутри буддийской общины и с мирянами. Обоснованы причины привлекательности буддизма и его легкой адаптивности к другим религиозным доктринам. Показаны возможности трансформации буддизма, в том числе и в рамках синкретических вероучений, а также в деятельности тоталитарных и псевдорелигиозных сект. Приведены примеры политизации этой религии и ее включения в активность фундаменталистских организаций.

In the theoretical part was made yielded a holistic approach to sustainable development (SD). In order to examine energetical discourse in online media, was made the online media review and analyzed information presentation. News framing theory analysis revealed how the media builds knowledge from the news and how this affects the political, economical and social reality. Also described the manipulation of society (propaganda) mechanisms. Prepared energetic discourse shaping and it's features, in online media, analysis methodology in social and environmental aspects, also made quantitative and qualitative study, which analyzed online news sites Deli.lt, Lrytas.lt and Balsas.lt energetic-themed text's in 2012 February 1-2013 January 31 period(a total 619 articles). The conclusion was made in the end of work.

In the theoretical part was made yielded a holistic approach to sustainable development (SD). In order to examine energetical discourse in online media, was made the online media review and analyzed information presentation. News framing theory analysis revealed how the media builds knowledge from the news and how this affects the political, economical and social reality. Also described the manipulation of society (propaganda) mechanisms. Prepared energetic discourse shaping and it's features, in online media, analysis methodology in social and environmental aspects, also made quantitative and qualitative study, which analyzed online news sites Deli.lt, Lrytas.lt and Balsas.lt energetic-themed text's in 2012 February 1-2013 January 31 period(a total 619 articles). The conclusion was made in the end of work.

In the theoretical part was made yielded a holistic approach to sustainable development (SD). In order to examine energetical discourse in online media, was made the online media review and analyzed information presentation. News framing theory analysis revealed how the media builds knowledge from the news and how this affects the political, economical and social reality. Also described the manipulation of society (propaganda) mechanisms. Prepared energetic discourse shaping and it's features, in online media, analysis methodology in social and environmental aspects, also made quantitative and qualitative study, which analyzed online news sites Deli.lt, Lrytas.lt and Balsas.lt energetic-themed text's in 2012 February 1-2013 January 31 period(a total 619 articles). The conclusion was made in the end of work.

Public procurement concentrates large public sector's purchasing power, and has a significant impact on each country's economic development. The purpose of public procurement procedure is transparency, non-discrimination and accordance to the principles of fair competition in acquisition of goods, services and works necessary for the smooth functioning of the public administration. Besides, public procurement can be one of the most important instruments for sustainable development and other purposes useful to the whole society and the economy of the country. This article briefly discusses the concept of sustainable public procurement, reveals its main ideas and applications. One of them, the social sphere, was chosen the main object of the research. The possibility to decrease unemployment, to increase an integration of socially vulnerable group, and to achieve other socially-oriented goals through an effective implementation of the social aspect of sustainable public procurement has been illustrated. Thus, the article analyses the concept of social procurement, assesses the current situation in Lithuania, overviews the good practice of other countries and provides recommendations for measures to extend the application of socially oriented procurement.

Public procurement concentrates large public sector's purchasing power, and has a significant impact on each country's economic development. The purpose of public procurement procedure is transparency, non-discrimination and accordance to the principles of fair competition in acquisition of goods, services and works necessary for the smooth functioning of the public administration. Besides, public procurement can be one of the most important instruments for sustainable development and other purposes useful to the whole society and the economy of the country. This article briefly discusses the concept of sustainable public procurement, reveals its main ideas and applications. One of them, the social sphere, was chosen the main object of the research. The possibility to decrease unemployment, to increase an integration of socially vulnerable group, and to achieve other socially-oriented goals through an effective implementation of the social aspect of sustainable public procurement has been illustrated. Thus, the article analyses the concept of social procurement, assesses the current situation in Lithuania, overviews the good practice of other countries and provides recommendations for measures to extend the application of socially oriented procurement.

The article highlights the results of the survey carried out among the parents of the children, who attend preschool education institutions (PEI) in Krasnodar and PEI employees, who are involved in the evaluation of the children's health and rehabilitation process. The authors defined a social portrait of the families whose children attend municipal PEIS. They identified that most parents are rather well aware of the medical issues. Acute sick rate of the preschool age is high, as about 15% of children have already acquired a chronic pathology in the form of a confirmed diagnosis. The authors also established a dependence of the sick rate among the preschool children on the age, at which they were enrolled to the PEI and living conditions. All the parents are worried about the health of their children and would like to enhance it. Most respondents believe that PEI preventive programs should be financed by the government.Key words: preschool children, health status, preventive medical care, public opinion poll. ; В статье представлены результаты социологического опроса родителей детей, посещающих дошкольные образовательные учреждения (ДОУ) г. Краснодара, и сотрудников ДОУ, имеющих непосредственное отношение к оценке состояния здоровья детей и процессу оздоровления. Определен социальный портрет семей, дети которых посещают муниципальные ДОУ. Выявлено, что большинство родителей достаточно информированы в медицинских вопросах. Острая заболеваемость детей дошкольного возраста высока, около 15% детей уже имеют хроническую патологию в виде подтвержденного диагноза. Установлена зависимость частоты заболеваемости детей дошкольного возраста от возраста поступления в ДОУ, от условий проживания. Все родители обеспокоены состоянием здоровья детей и хотели бы его улучшить. Большинство опрошенных считают, что оздоровительные программы в ДОУ должны финансироваться государством.Ключевые слова: дети дошкольного возраста, состояние здоровья, профилактическая медицинская помощь, социологический опрос. (Педиатрическая фармакология. – 2008;5(4):65-69)

В статье рассматриваются процессы законодательного развития в сфере соблюдения и защиты прав инвалидов. Основной задачей юридического образования является подготовка юристов, призванных в своей практической деятельности защищать конституционные права и свободы граждан. Знания и соблюдение законных прав социально уязвимых слоев населения восстанавливают социальную справедливость в обществе, что должно учитываться в социальном правовом государстве. ; The article examines the processes of legislative development in the field of observance and protection of the rights of persons with disabilities. The main task of legal education is to train lawyers who are called upon to protect the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens in their practice. Knowledge and respect for the legal rights of socially vulnerable segments of the population restore social justice in society, which should be taken into account in a social legal state

The article deals with legitimacy in historical and social aspects, paying attentionto the connection of legitimacy with the law-making activities of the state. The problemsof legality of the country's history are consistently investigated: in the Old Russianstate (IX–XII centuries), the Sobornoye Ulozheniye of 1649, legislative acts of the RussianEmpire until the end of XVII – beginning of XX centuries. ; В статье рассматривается законность в историческом и социальном аспектах.Обращается внимание на связь законности с правотворческой деятельностью государства. Последовательно исследуются вопросы законности в отечественнойистории: в Древнерусском государстве (IX–XII вв.), Соборном Уложении1649 года, законодательных актах Российской Империи вплоть концаXVII – начала XX вв.

Legal Aspects of Representativeness of Social Partners In this study are analysed international, European Union, foreign countries and Lithuanian laws regulating the right of social partners to represent their members and the legal requirements for representativeness of social partners. The mentioned legal acts are analysed in order to present the definition of social partners, to reveal the legal concepts of the representativeness of social partners at international and European Union level and to identify the models of representativeness of social partners. In the first part of the study the historical overview of social partnership in labour law and the concept of social partners operating at international, European Union and national level are presented in order to provide the definition of social partners which is needed for further research. In the second part of the study it is examined the concepts of representativeness of social partners in international and European Union labour law, and on the basis of foreign countries legislation, it is distinguished the main models of representation of social partners and provided a detailed analysis of these models. In the third part of the study it is examined the influence of social partners on the European Union and Lithuanian legislation in determining the extent to which the social partners' representativity criteria have been precisely identified or implied, with the involvement of social partners in legislatives processes and suggestions are made to improve the existing regime in Lithuania. The results of the research show that the analysis of international, European Union, foreign countries and Lithuanian legislation allows to present the concept of social partners, to distinguish two legal concepts of representativeness of social partners and to present four different models of representation of social partners. According to the research carried out, it was found that the criteria of representativeness of the social partners clearly established in the Lithuanian legislation would help to answer the problematic issues arising from the lack of the criteria of representativeness of social partners which are not enshrined in Lithuanian laws.

Legal Aspects of Representativeness of Social Partners In this study are analysed international, European Union, foreign countries and Lithuanian laws regulating the right of social partners to represent their members and the legal requirements for representativeness of social partners. The mentioned legal acts are analysed in order to present the definition of social partners, to reveal the legal concepts of the representativeness of social partners at international and European Union level and to identify the models of representativeness of social partners. In the first part of the study the historical overview of social partnership in labour law and the concept of social partners operating at international, European Union and national level are presented in order to provide the definition of social partners which is needed for further research. In the second part of the study it is examined the concepts of representativeness of social partners in international and European Union labour law, and on the basis of foreign countries legislation, it is distinguished the main models of representation of social partners and provided a detailed analysis of these models. In the third part of the study it is examined the influence of social partners on the European Union and Lithuanian legislation in determining the extent to which the social partners' representativity criteria have been precisely identified or implied, with the involvement of social partners in legislatives processes and suggestions are made to improve the existing regime in Lithuania. The results of the research show that the analysis of international, European Union, foreign countries and Lithuanian legislation allows to present the concept of social partners, to distinguish two legal concepts of representativeness of social partners and to present four different models of representation of social partners. According to the research carried out, it was found that the criteria of representativeness of the social partners clearly established in the Lithuanian legislation would help to answer the problematic issues arising from the lack of the criteria of representativeness of social partners which are not enshrined in Lithuanian laws.

Legal Aspects of Representativeness of Social Partners In this study are analysed international, European Union, foreign countries and Lithuanian laws regulating the right of social partners to represent their members and the legal requirements for representativeness of social partners. The mentioned legal acts are analysed in order to present the definition of social partners, to reveal the legal concepts of the representativeness of social partners at international and European Union level and to identify the models of representativeness of social partners. In the first part of the study the historical overview of social partnership in labour law and the concept of social partners operating at international, European Union and national level are presented in order to provide the definition of social partners which is needed for further research. In the second part of the study it is examined the concepts of representativeness of social partners in international and European Union labour law, and on the basis of foreign countries legislation, it is distinguished the main models of representation of social partners and provided a detailed analysis of these models. In the third part of the study it is examined the influence of social partners on the European Union and Lithuanian legislation in determining the extent to which the social partners' representativity criteria have been precisely identified or implied, with the involvement of social partners in legislatives processes and suggestions are made to improve the existing regime in Lithuania. The results of the research show that the analysis of international, European Union, foreign countries and Lithuanian legislation allows to present the concept of social partners, to distinguish two legal concepts of representativeness of social partners and to present four different models of representation of social partners. According to the research carried out, it was found that the criteria of representativeness of the social partners clearly established in the Lithuanian legislation would help to answer the problematic issues arising from the lack of the criteria of representativeness of social partners which are not enshrined in Lithuanian laws.

Legal Aspects of Representativeness of Social Partners In this study are analysed international, European Union, foreign countries and Lithuanian laws regulating the right of social partners to represent their members and the legal requirements for representativeness of social partners. The mentioned legal acts are analysed in order to present the definition of social partners, to reveal the legal concepts of the representativeness of social partners at international and European Union level and to identify the models of representativeness of social partners. In the first part of the study the historical overview of social partnership in labour law and the concept of social partners operating at international, European Union and national level are presented in order to provide the definition of social partners which is needed for further research. In the second part of the study it is examined the concepts of representativeness of social partners in international and European Union labour law, and on the basis of foreign countries legislation, it is distinguished the main models of representation of social partners and provided a detailed analysis of these models. In the third part of the study it is examined the influence of social partners on the European Union and Lithuanian legislation in determining the extent to which the social partners' representativity criteria have been precisely identified or implied, with the involvement of social partners in legislatives processes and suggestions are made to improve the existing regime in Lithuania. The results of the research show that the analysis of international, European Union, foreign countries and Lithuanian legislation allows to present the concept of social partners, to distinguish two legal concepts of representativeness of social partners and to present four different models of representation of social partners. According to the research carried out, it was found that the criteria of representativeness of the social partners clearly established in the Lithuanian legislation would help to answer the problematic issues arising from the lack of the criteria of representativeness of social partners which are not enshrined in Lithuanian laws.

The article highlights the role of international standards in criminal justice. The authors states that international standards are the social tool for correction of penitentiary policy of the state, ease of mechanism of state enforcement (namely in separate detention of some criminals). The implementation of recognized international standards, methods and work conditions of penitentiary organizations plays a great role of the development of this sphere.