Suchergebnisse

For the first time in Lithuania political, managerial and educational contexts of preschool teachers' teaching and learning in the organisation as a workplace are analysed. The aim of the research: to investigate teaching and learning experiences of teachers working in the preschool educational institution in the organization as a workplace and to determine their significance for quality of (self-)education. Preschool teachers' teaching and learning experiences in everyday professional activities, highlighting types and ways (forms, methods) of teaching and learning, are theoretically grounded. It is identified what meanings are given to non-formal and informal experiential teaching and learning of teachers', heads and representatives of the educational policy. Conditions and the environment, in which daily teaching and learning in the organization as a work place takes place, which are favourable for development of non-formal and informal teaching and learning, are distinguished. The results of the empirical study identified links of significance of preschool teachers' teaching and learning with quality of the institution's activities and the child's quality (self-) education, responding to priorities of the institution, and highlighted the need of acknowledgement of teaching and learning in the workplace. Manifestation of teachers' teaching and learning types prevailing in preschool educational institutions (i.e., non-formal and informal) was identified. Research results disclosed possibilities for the teaching staff to improve in the workplace and their diversity. Practical significance of the research is demonstrated by creation of the system of preschool teachers' teaching and learning in the organization as a workplace, grounded on research, and adaptability of the hypothetical model.

As Lithuania joined European Union (EU), there is an opportunity to reach a higher level of scientific knowledge. Therefore, it is extremely important to use all chances in communicating with international programs like Socrates and Erasmus. These programs provide ability to strengthen not only professional competence, but also foreign language skills and understanding different cultures. Every year students and teachers come to universities of Lithuania, so there must exist the best circumstances to achieve cultural, educational and linguistic experience. A lot of foreign students in Lithuania choose to study the Lithuanian language. Therefore it is important to organize the studies of the Lithuanian language in a way that it would be interesting and useful. The survey has showat students that come under Socrates Erasmus student exchange programme should be introduced to cultural awareness and competencies rather than to grammar patterns. There should be more emphasis on teaching functional language. The Lithuanian language teachers faced with the lack of modern course books for foreign students that would cater the needs of those students, teaching functional language and introducing to socio cultural issues. Therefore there is a strong demand to compile and publish a new updated and modern textbook for the Lithuanian language learners. Modern language teaching is the way to socio cultural awareness and teaching cultural values. Teaching culture is one of the most important aspects of the Lithuanian language teaching in modern and open society.

As Lithuania joined European Union (EU), there is an opportunity to reach a higher level of scientific knowledge. Therefore, it is extremely important to use all chances in communicating with international programs like Socrates and Erasmus. These programs provide ability to strengthen not only professional competence, but also foreign language skills and understanding different cultures. Every year students and teachers come to universities of Lithuania, so there must exist the best circumstances to achieve cultural, educational and linguistic experience. A lot of foreign students in Lithuania choose to study the Lithuanian language. Therefore it is important to organize the studies of the Lithuanian language in a way that it would be interesting and useful. The survey has showat students that come under Socrates Erasmus student exchange programme should be introduced to cultural awareness and competencies rather than to grammar patterns. There should be more emphasis on teaching functional language. The Lithuanian language teachers faced with the lack of modern course books for foreign students that would cater the needs of those students, teaching functional language and introducing to socio cultural issues. Therefore there is a strong demand to compile and publish a new updated and modern textbook for the Lithuanian language learners. Modern language teaching is the way to socio cultural awareness and teaching cultural values. Teaching culture is one of the most important aspects of the Lithuanian language teaching in modern and open society.

Troop-leading Procedures are the most important discipline in cadets' military education. The aim of the subject of Troop leading Procedures is to teach the cadet to apply a systematic planning algorithm to solve typical and recurring problems in military activity. This is one of the most important components of a future officer's military management literacy. While this is an important subject matter, however, there is a lack of reliable military teaching approaches. The article investigates whether the multi-criteria evaluation method can be applied in the teaching and evaluation of the subject of Troop-leading Procedures. Action research has practically tested a multi-criteria evaluation tool in teaching. The study revealed that the multi-criteria evaluation method can be successfully applied in the teaching of the subject of Troop-leading Procedures and in the evaluation of the teaching process. It has been established that this innovation creates conditions for improving the results of achievement assessments, provides positive experiences, forms positive attitudes towards teaching and learning, also helps the teacher to act more effectively during teaching

Troop-leading Procedures are the most important discipline in cadets' military education. The aim of the subject of Troop leading Procedures is to teach the cadet to apply a systematic planning algorithm to solve typical and recurring problems in military activity. This is one of the most important components of a future officer's military management literacy. While this is an important subject matter, however, there is a lack of reliable military teaching approaches. The article investigates whether the multi-criteria evaluation method can be applied in the teaching and evaluation of the subject of Troop-leading Procedures. Action research has practically tested a multi-criteria evaluation tool in teaching. The study revealed that the multi-criteria evaluation method can be successfully applied in the teaching of the subject of Troop-leading Procedures and in the evaluation of the teaching process. It has been established that this innovation creates conditions for improving the results of achievement assessments, provides positive experiences, forms positive attitudes towards teaching and learning, also helps the teacher to act more effectively during teaching

Relevance of the thesis: teaching children with special needs is urgent because the tendency of increasing numbers of such children is observed. Educational research is aimed at improving training children with special needs. Object of the thesis: managing individual Lithuanian language teaching/learning with special needs children. Aim of the thesis: to prove theoretically and to make an empiric research of managing Lithuanian language teaching/learning with special needs children. Participants of the research: 60 Lithuanian language teachers and 110 pupils with special needs.The research was carried out in Šiauliai and Raseiniai towns and also in secondary schools of the aforementioned districts, because the administrations of those schools were interested in the results of the research. Tools of the research: a standard mixed type questionnaire in a written form. Methodology of the research is based on humanistic, progressive training concepts, also on the principle of intergration. Results of the research:  Lithuanian language teachers who teach children with special needs usually apply typical methods of teaching: explanation, conversation, independent tasks, other ways of helping a pupil.  Teachers state lack of competence in organising teaching/ learning process with children of special needs. They also stress that they have enough skills to encourage self-help and development of potential possibilities of children with special needs.  Children are able to fulfill the tasks given in lessons, teachers are good at choosing necessary tasks.Children get enough of attention and they do not feel any isolation. Children with special needs think that Lithuanian language teaching is organised properly. Recommendations are given on governmental, institutional and personal levels. Controversial questions are brought forward.

Relevance of the thesis: teaching children with special needs is urgent because the tendency of increasing numbers of such children is observed. Educational research is aimed at improving training children with special needs. Object of the thesis: managing individual Lithuanian language teaching/learning with special needs children. Aim of the thesis: to prove theoretically and to make an empiric research of managing Lithuanian language teaching/learning with special needs children. Participants of the research: 60 Lithuanian language teachers and 110 pupils with special needs.The research was carried out in Šiauliai and Raseiniai towns and also in secondary schools of the aforementioned districts, because the administrations of those schools were interested in the results of the research. Tools of the research: a standard mixed type questionnaire in a written form. Methodology of the research is based on humanistic, progressive training concepts, also on the principle of intergration. Results of the research:  Lithuanian language teachers who teach children with special needs usually apply typical methods of teaching: explanation, conversation, independent tasks, other ways of helping a pupil.  Teachers state lack of competence in organising teaching/ learning process with children of special needs. They also stress that they have enough skills to encourage self-help and development of potential possibilities of children with special needs.  Children are able to fulfill the tasks given in lessons, teachers are good at choosing necessary tasks.Children get enough of attention and they do not feel any isolation. Children with special needs think that Lithuanian language teaching is organised properly. Recommendations are given on governmental, institutional and personal levels. Controversial questions are brought forward.

Research problem is how to formulate, ground and validate the basis and methods of intensive Lithuanian military teaching to the Standard English language course referring to already practiced and new nonstandard methods and verify their efficiency. The research object is: intensive and short-termed teaching of English to Lithuanian military. The research aim: to construct the content and the practical model of intensive Lithuanian military teaching to the English language and asses the acquisition of the Standard course. The aim of the article was to find out the effectiveness of non-traditional and traditional language teaching method agreement in teaching the military. The method agreement had to be used on the principles of psycho didactics. The methods which were used in the evaluation all four language skills (reading, speaking, writing and listening), by which the results were measured, proved the effectiveness of teaching military the intensive English language course. All those who participated in the research showed good results as it had been expected before starting the research. Language learning results were evaluated via four language skills. Learning was improved as the result of new challenging method combination based on psycho didactical principles. The investigation has also proved that the research teaching is not only memorization, but the understanding and creative solution in language learning based on communicative method usage in traditional and non-traditional method coordination. The method has claimed that it works equally well whether the object of the research is gifted or not. The optimal mental and psycho states have proved the importance in reaching good language learning results and thus accelerating the learning of the military. The result of all used and mentioned aspects has showed the effectiveness of the chosen method agreement.

Research problem is how to formulate, ground and validate the basis and methods of intensive Lithuanian military teaching to the Standard English language course referring to already practiced and new nonstandard methods and verify their efficiency. The research object is: intensive and short-termed teaching of English to Lithuanian military. The research aim: to construct the content and the practical model of intensive Lithuanian military teaching to the English language and asses the acquisition of the Standard course. The aim of the article was to find out the effectiveness of non-traditional and traditional language teaching method agreement in teaching the military. The method agreement had to be used on the principles of psycho didactics. The methods which were used in the evaluation all four language skills (reading, speaking, writing and listening), by which the results were measured, proved the effectiveness of teaching military the intensive English language course. All those who participated in the research showed good results as it had been expected before starting the research. Language learning results were evaluated via four language skills. Learning was improved as the result of new challenging method combination based on psycho didactical principles. The investigation has also proved that the research teaching is not only memorization, but the understanding and creative solution in language learning based on communicative method usage in traditional and non-traditional method coordination. The method has claimed that it works equally well whether the object of the research is gifted or not. The optimal mental and psycho states have proved the importance in reaching good language learning results and thus accelerating the learning of the military. The result of all used and mentioned aspects has showed the effectiveness of the chosen method agreement.

Research problem is how to formulate, ground and validate the basis and methods of intensive Lithuanian military teaching to the Standard English language course referring to already practiced and new nonstandard methods and verify their efficiency. The research object is: intensive and short-termed teaching of English to Lithuanian military. The research aim: to construct the content and the practical model of intensive Lithuanian military teaching to the English language and asses the acquisition of the Standard course. The aim of the article was to find out the effectiveness of non-traditional and traditional language teaching method agreement in teaching the military. The method agreement had to be used on the principles of psycho didactics. The methods which were used in the evaluation all four language skills (reading, speaking, writing and listening), by which the results were measured, proved the effectiveness of teaching military the intensive English language course. All those who participated in the research showed good results as it had been expected before starting the research. Language learning results were evaluated via four language skills. Learning was improved as the result of new challenging method combination based on psycho didactical principles. The investigation has also proved that the research teaching is not only memorization, but the understanding and creative solution in language learning based on communicative method usage in traditional and non-traditional method coordination. The method has claimed that it works equally well whether the object of the research is gifted or not. The optimal mental and psycho states have proved the importance in reaching good language learning results and thus accelerating the learning of the military. The result of all used and mentioned aspects has showed the effectiveness of the chosen method agreement.

Research problem is how to formulate, ground and validate the basis and methods of intensive Lithuanian military teaching to the Standard English language course referring to already practiced and new nonstandard methods and verify their efficiency. The research object is: intensive and short-termed teaching of English to Lithuanian military. The research aim: to construct the content and the practical model of intensive Lithuanian military teaching to the English language and asses the acquisition of the Standard course. The aim of the article was to find out the effectiveness of non-traditional and traditional language teaching method agreement in teaching the military. The method agreement had to be used on the principles of psycho didactics. The methods which were used in the evaluation all four language skills (reading, speaking, writing and listening), by which the results were measured, proved the effectiveness of teaching military the intensive English language course. All those who participated in the research showed good results as it had been expected before starting the research. Language learning results were evaluated via four language skills. Learning was improved as the result of new challenging method combination based on psycho didactical principles. The investigation has also proved that the research teaching is not only memorization, but the understanding and creative solution in language learning based on communicative method usage in traditional and non-traditional method coordination. The method has claimed that it works equally well whether the object of the research is gifted or not. The optimal mental and psycho states have proved the importance in reaching good language learning results and thus accelerating the learning of the military. The result of all used and mentioned aspects has showed the effectiveness of the chosen method agreement.

Fragmentation of the society and poverty existed in Latin America both before the 15th century when the Europeans colonized this region, as well as in the second half of the 20th century when liberation theology came into existence. Liberation theologians maintained that the Church cannot stay aside of the oppression that envelops the region but should rather condemn it and seek to transform the existing order through social and political means. The theologians perceived a division of the society into different classes and oppression both on the national and internationals levels, while maintaining that Christian love of one's neighbor is incapable of uniting the polarized classes. Liberation theology employed Marxist methodology to explain the present situation. Liberation was reduced to a political and socio-economic level, while interpretations of the Scripture highlighted the political aspect of liberation. Theologians judged society structures to be sinful and sought to liberate people from socio-economic oppression through a social revolution. Modern social teaching of the Catholic Church emerged in 1891 with Pope Leo XIII 's encyclical letter Rerum Novarum – On Capital and Labor. Catholic social teaching is based on ethics, theological anthropology and the conception of human salvation. Viewing human work from an anthropological perspective, the dignity of human work and his participation in the work of the Creator is emphasized. An important principle of Catholic social thought is solidarity; it indicates people's duty to help those in need both on the national and international level. The Church also stresses the principle of subsidiarity, according to which nothing should be done by more complex organizations which can be done by the people, communities or associations. The Catholic Church maintains that socialism is opposed to justice, whereby no one can be at the same time a good Catholic and a true socialist. It suggests improving the capitalist order not politically but rather in the light of the Gospel, whereby human society can heal by a return to Christian life and institutions. In 1984 and 1986 Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, which oversees the doctrine of the Catholic Church, condemned the liberation theology for employing Marxist methodology, since the latter is inseparable from atheist ideology. The liberation theology's view of ongoing class struggle is incompatible with the Christian idea of unity. The Church maintained that the notion of liberation used by the liberation theologians was erroneously reduced to political and socio-economic aspects, without taking into account the most important form of slavery – slavery to sin. Also corrupting was the liberation theologians' interpretation of the Scripture which highlighted the political rather than religious aspect of liberation. Although the liberation theologians claimed they could produce new structures of the society through a social revolution, the Church views evil of the structures as a consequence of man's actions, so evil will remain until people's hearts are transformed by the grace of Jesus Christ.

Fragmentation of the society and poverty existed in Latin America both before the 15th century when the Europeans colonized this region, as well as in the second half of the 20th century when liberation theology came into existence. Liberation theologians maintained that the Church cannot stay aside of the oppression that envelops the region but should rather condemn it and seek to transform the existing order through social and political means. The theologians perceived a division of the society into different classes and oppression both on the national and internationals levels, while maintaining that Christian love of one's neighbor is incapable of uniting the polarized classes. Liberation theology employed Marxist methodology to explain the present situation. Liberation was reduced to a political and socio-economic level, while interpretations of the Scripture highlighted the political aspect of liberation. Theologians judged society structures to be sinful and sought to liberate people from socio-economic oppression through a social revolution. Modern social teaching of the Catholic Church emerged in 1891 with Pope Leo XIII 's encyclical letter Rerum Novarum – On Capital and Labor. Catholic social teaching is based on ethics, theological anthropology and the conception of human salvation. Viewing human work from an anthropological perspective, the dignity of human work and his participation in the work of the Creator is emphasized. An important principle of Catholic social thought is solidarity; it indicates people's duty to help those in need both on the national and international level. The Church also stresses the principle of subsidiarity, according to which nothing should be done by more complex organizations which can be done by the people, communities or associations. The Catholic Church maintains that socialism is opposed to justice, whereby no one can be at the same time a good Catholic and a true socialist. It suggests improving the capitalist order not politically but rather in the light of the Gospel, whereby human society can heal by a return to Christian life and institutions. In 1984 and 1986 Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, which oversees the doctrine of the Catholic Church, condemned the liberation theology for employing Marxist methodology, since the latter is inseparable from atheist ideology. The liberation theology's view of ongoing class struggle is incompatible with the Christian idea of unity. The Church maintained that the notion of liberation used by the liberation theologians was erroneously reduced to political and socio-economic aspects, without taking into account the most important form of slavery – slavery to sin. Also corrupting was the liberation theologians' interpretation of the Scripture which highlighted the political rather than religious aspect of liberation. Although the liberation theologians claimed they could produce new structures of the society through a social revolution, the Church views evil of the structures as a consequence of man's actions, so evil will remain until people's hearts are transformed by the grace of Jesus Christ.

Each country faces both export and import risks in its trade. The analysis of this research seeks to answer the question about what kind of risks are posed by imports. The purpose of the document is to analyze the purpose of the import and most common risks posed by imports and to assess the trends in imports of Lithuanian agricultural and food products. A distinction between the main risks posed by imports is made. The importance of imports for foreign trade is discussed. The study is based on an analysis of the scientific literature and analysis of statistical data for an assessment of Lithuania's import trends. Empirical research covers the period of 2015-2019. Data from Statistics Lithuania and Customs Department are used. Analysis of total imports of agricultural and food products, distinguishing imports from EU and other countries was made. Also, trends of re-export and import to produce was made. The export of agricultural and food products of Lithuania has been positively affected by import. The directions for future investigations are completed

The aim of the Master's degree thesis – to analyse the problems of the right playing the trumpet: formation of (physical and psychological) skills, motivation of the young trumpeters determinant factors, the attitude of the trumpet teachers towards the various countries of the trumpet, schools and methodologies. In the theoretical part of the thesis formal education complementing the education legislation is examined, childhood developmental stages are presented, Russian and Western countries' various trumpeter's training schools at the early stage of education are presented. In the second part of the thesis the author analyses the specifics of playing the trumpet and principles, a variety of teaching methods playing the trumpet are reviewed. In a quantitative research aimed to find out application possibilities of various methods and the efficiency at the early stage of education of playing the trumpet. With a reference to the raised hypothetical assumption the research was carried out that many trumpet's teachers use outdated techniques, they are not familiar with a variety of innovative and effective educational methods at the early stage of the trumpeters' education. In the research Telsiai district (Plunge, Telsiai, Mazeikiai, Seda, Plateliai, Rietavas) music and art schools' 18 teachers of trumpet specialty participated. It was determined that there are not methodological publications and literature for the early stage of trumpeters' education, many respondents use a little literature of Western countries' methodical teaching trumpet at the early stage of education in their pedagogical work. Teachers who are using these publications achieve significantly better results of their students in various national and international competitions and festivals. The hypothesis of the research approved: the most trumpeters' teachers – at the early stage of trumpeters' education do not use various literature from the Western countries, often in their pedagogical work guided by their experience. The author of this thesis has prepared the program for the music and art schools and recommendations for the trumpeters' at the early stage of education.