Suchergebnisse

Even though it is still cold outside, the spring winds give us hope that spring will come soon. We also hope the research carried out by scientists will contribute to the well-being of society. The question of health care is still relevant, and will continue to be relevant in the future. This journal has three articles on this topic, ranging from the organisation of the food system (Atkočiūnienė, Žyvatauskaitė), and self-assessment of the health system (Sloka, Čipane, Vasina, Volgasts), to the participation by health-care employees in processes of change (Župerkienė, Tuminienė, Župerka). Innovation is not neglected, starting with the application of innovative technologies in Ukraine (Tyukhtenko, Makarenko, Savina, Oliinyk, Oleksenko, Rybachok), and going on to the concept of creativity (Ganusauskaitė, Vveinhardt, Didžgalvytė-Bujauskė), and the application of innovation in education in Latvia (Štefenberga, Sloka). A couple of articles reflect more global issues, such as the causes and consequences of migration (Karaša, Čiegis), and the role of law in global politics (Obrikienė). Clearly, global politics would be much simpler if people followed ethical standards. Research on the use of codes of ethics (Ramašauskienė) and ethical leadership in organisations (Petrulis, Šimanskienė, Burgis, Paužuolienė) is discussed in two more articles. Understanding the need for communication, both at the organisational and the state level, is only possible with a knowledge of the target audience. Therefore, we invite you to familiarise yourself with youth-related issues from Sweden, the Russian Federation, Lithuania and Poland (Strakšienė, Batuchina), and internal communication research within the organisation (Pikturnaitė, Paužuolienė). Enjoy your spring reading.

Like in all other numbers of journal, in this also there are a lot of scientific papers with interdisciplinary approach. These papers can help to solve different regional problems. Haidong Feng, Kaspars Viksne, Andrea Lunardi in their paper analyzed effect on financial system and management. Some improvement of public governance by Olof Palme and his historical ideological heritage is analyzed by Arvydas Guogis, Adomas Vincas Rakšnys. Some political aspects are analyzed by Giedrė Vaičekauskienė. She analyzed rhetorical self-reflections of Lithuanian political leaders. The evaluation of online marketing channels is described by Vytautas Juščius, Daiva Labanauskaitė, Edita Baranskaitė. Interesting papers about tourism is written by Noémi Hajdú, Katalin Lipták and Donata Juškelytė. She was analyzed film induced tourism. Organizational management in regions, using organizational culture development are described in Inga Gudonytė, Albinas Marčinskas and Jurgita Paužuolienė, Regina Bručkutė, Violeta Docienė, Antanas Vaitiekus papers. And Agnė Šneiderienė analyzed the regional differences of corporate social responsibility. In two researches were analyzed different approaches to motivation: in Jolanta Žemgulienė and Rasa Rukuižienė, Vladislav Bocharov papers. Sustainable development questions taking in account agricultural producer organizations and practice of spatial planning are analyzed in Jan Žukovskis, Julius Ramanauskas and Joan Noguera, Mar Riera or Józef Mosiej papers. We wish you a pleasant reading.

This journal number should be interesting for different field of scientists and business people. We should mention that in most of scientific papers there are interdisciplinary approaches. It is mean that authors of papers view to scientific problems more open and widely. They are trying to describe scientific and practical problems not only from their scientific field, but also to use knowledge from different field of science. In journal we can read some papers where similar scientific problem is analyzed from different point of view. For example, regional cooperation questions are analyzed in D. Burgis and A. Dastanka, V. I. Chuprys papers, but in different aspects: D. Burgis through advanced planning systems and Dastankos, V. I. Chuprys through sociological and legal aspects. The management problems are described in Klaipeda: organizational culture research was done in J. Paužuolienė, V. Docienė, A. Vaitiekus paper, creativity aspects in E. Župerkienė, R. Šimanskytė paper, findings of leadership style in L. Šimanskienė, A. Petrulis paper. We can read about women employment in Uzbekistan written by S. Nurdinova and genetically modified product use and trade regulation of the European Union written by A. Gargasas, I. Rimkienė. D. Kiyak, L. Pranckevičiūtė analyses the prices of insurance products and A. Giedraitis analyses ergonomic risk factors in organization. Important regional development questions analyses R. Viederytė in paper about Lithuanian maritime sector's clustering, A. B. Knašas analyses scientific-technical progress in the regions in terms of published patent applications, M. Kučinskienė, A. Mačerinskienė did the research about cycling for regional development. So readers have possibility to know a lot of interesting results from different research.

Like in all other journal numbers, in this journal also there are articles strongly connected with journal topic. There are some regional problems aspects, evaluating them in organizational and governmental level. There are some articles about problems in rural areas. A. Aleksandravičius analyzes models of public electronic services organization in the rural areas; V. Atkočiūnienė describes factors determining labour places sustainable development in Lithuanian rural regions; A. Župerka, E. Župerkienė describe entrepreneurship factors in rural areas of Lithuanian cross-border regions. Some authors, how A. Kozlovskaja and T. Q. Dinh, H. Hilmarsson analyzes relevance of risk factors for Lithuanian agricultural producers and also food processing in Vietnam. For public administration people would be interesting some articles like M. Grigaliūnas article about the official values-level attitudes of EU to volunteering; V. Burkšienė, E. Račaitė article about organizational learning in ministries of Republic of Lithuania; I. Normantė article about public services liberalization. If we continue to read articles about quality of services in organizational level, we can mention V. Grublienė, E. Ambraziūnaitė, L. Venckevičė article. A. Kutkaitis, A. Petrulis evaluate leadership styles, A. Giedraitis describe management of ergonomic risk factors in organization. Transport and international trade problems are described in two articles: I. Gumenyuk, T. Kuznetsova and E. Spiriajevas. Articles for sustainable development and the better country development description are in these articles: R. Čiegis, A. Dilius, A. Mikalauskienė bei L. Šimanskienė, A. Petrulis describe aspects of sustainability; A. B. Knašas analyzes the development of scientific-technical progress in terms of published patent applications; A. Homutinin analyzes system dynamics modeling of social economic development in Latvia and M. Norkevičius describes analysis of regionalization processes in Latin America. So this journal number should be interesting for different field of scientists and business people.

This journal number should be interesting for different field of scientists and business people. We shouldmention that in most of scientific papers there are interdisciplinary approaches. It is mean that authors ofpapers view to scientific problems more open and widely. They are trying to describe scientific and practicalproblems not only from their scientific field, but also to use knowledge from different field of science. In journalwe can read some papers where similar scientific problem is analyzed from different point of view. Forexample, regional cooperation questions are analyzed in D. Burgis and A. Dastanka, V. I. Chuprys papers,but in different aspects: D. Burgis through advanced planning systems and Dastankos, V. I. Chuprys throughsociological and legal aspects. The management problems are described in Klaipeda: organizational cultureresearch was done in J. Paužuolienė, V. Docienė, A. Vaitiekus paper, creativity aspects in E. Župerkienė,R. Šimanskytė paper, findings of leadership style in L. Šimanskienė, A. Petrulis paper. We can read aboutwomen employment in Uzbekistan written by S. Nurdinova and genetically modified product use and traderegulation of the European Union written by A. Gargasas, I. Rimkienė. D. Kiyak, L. Pranckevičiūtė analysesthe prices of insurance products and A. Giedraitis analyses ergonomic risk factors in organization. Importantregional development questions analyses R. Viederytė in paper about Lithuanian maritime sector'sclustering, A. B. Knašas analyses scientific-technical progress in the regions in terms of published patentapplications, M. Kučinskienė, A. Mačerinskienė did the research about cycling for regional development. Soreaders have possibility to know a lot of interesting results from different research.

In this journal there are some papers selected from international seminar, which was held on 26 of Aprilat KU Faculty of Social Sciences "Regional and Territorial Research Methods: Theory, Practical Applicationand Interdisciplinary Approach" (the idea of this seminar created by assoc. prof. dr. E. Spiriajevas).If we'll analyze these papers we'll see interdisciplinary approach to formulated topic. There are aspects ofevaluation of regions (in papers of B. Melnikas, G. Burbulytė-Tsiskarishvili, I. Normantė), unclosed view tointerdisciplinary approach when is evaluating territorial aspect (J. Paiders, J. Paiders and D. Verkulevičiūtė-Kriukienė, S. Reliūgaitė, M. Eidukevičienė and K. Ramanauskaitė, A. Bučienė). Government politics in regionalaspect are shown in papers L. Kraujutaitytė, J. Dvorak, A. Bučinskas, V. Giedraitytė, A. Raipa andM. Kučinskienė, A. Marčinskas and description of CRS taking in mind opinion of society in I. Mauricienė,J. Paužuolienė paper. More differ paper is created by A. L. Arbušauskaitė, N. Juščenko. This paper analysescemetery data, but it is suit of the used differ methodology from different regions. Efficiency of organizationalnetworks analyzes E. Ribačonka, J. Kasnauskė, and evaluation of managers is described in papers createdby A. Giedraitis and K. Ramanauskas. Methodological aspects in managerial approach are shown in paperscreated by D. Benetytė, G. Jatulevičienė and L. Šimanskienė, L. Sandu. Innovations problems are describein papers like D. Škiltere, S. Jesilevska and E. Mineikaitė. There are some concurrence analyses in differentfield: Lithuanian tourism place in EU (D. Labanauskaitė, E. Gedvilas), airports activity (G. Kristaps), GDPin Baltic States (G. Braslinš, A. Orlovs, I. Braukša, A. Bulis). So this journal number should be interestingfor different field of scientists and business people.

There is the one of the biggest problem in the world- not sustainable development of countries, regions. The governments of different countries were trying to solve economical differences between some countries and regions only using economic measures in last century. It should be noted that economic development orientations and concepts cannot satisfy the humanity's needs and they have only a limited application spectrum in environmental protection studies. The situation supposes the necessity to propose new approaches and to define the essence of economic theory, its potential role and tasks, in solving issues related to critical human existence and civilization survival in the future. Sustainable development is based on three dimensions: economic development, social development, and environmental protection. But still there are big scientific problem – how to change mentality of people through the world? How to find measures that would be understandable for everybody? How to change people thinking to use less? How to explain for managers of organizations, that to be sustainable – to be successful? These and other questions were analyzed in this article. The aim of this paper is to describe benefit of sustainable development in organizations. Object of research – sustainable organizations. The tasks of the article: to analyze the concepts of sustainable development in organizational level; to analyze concept of sustainable organization and to show benefit for organizations to sustainable. Used methods are- the analysis of scientific articles, comparison, and observation.KEY WORDS: sustainability, organization, benefit.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rfds.v12i1.698

Abstract
As a consequence of globalisation, people's mobility has been increasing, which brought cultural diversity to a number of countries of the world, therefore intercultural competences became a particularly important research object in organisation management. Scientific literature is rich in publications on the topic, however, the latter problem and its specificity has been insufficiently studied in health care organisations whose performance is especially important for each patient and the cost of errors, possibly caused also by insufficient intercultural competences, may be very great. The conducted research justifies the meaning and significance of intercultural competences in health care organisations and identifies the principal problems in organisations faced when communicating in an intercultural environment. The development of intercultural competences was not sufficiently promoted in health care organisations, leaving that to the staff's responsibility. Quite a few of health care services providers had a poor knowledge of etiquette and did not know much about the customs and traditions of other countries.

The article focuses on a relevant scientific and practical problem of the present, i.e., the resilience of organisations in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim is, upon analysing the response of organisations to the threats related to the COVID-19-caused restrictions on economic activity, to identify the predominant behaviour of organisations that predetermines their resilience. The theoretical part discusses the leadership aspect of the heads of organisations and the ability of organisations to survive in the conditions of uncertainty. The findings of the research in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) of Klaipėda Region are presented. The research methods chosen to deal with a scientific problem in the theoretical part include an analysis of literature sources, systematisation, synthesis, generalisation, and comparison. In the empirical research, quantitative research, i.e., a questionnaire survey and data processing methods, was applied. Due to the specificity of the region, the majority of the surveyed business entities (71.3%) are from the services sector, while the rest of the surveyed companies belong to the manufacturing (15%) and trade (13.7%) sectors. The research established that most of the organisations surveyed benefited from the government support. On assessing the survey data and summarising the response and efforts of organisations to deal with uncertainties, a conclusion was drawn that SMEs' response to uncertainties was mainly focused on the protection against threats and avoidance of risk, however, the organisations lacked preparedness and consistency when dealing with unforeseen circumstances.

The article focuses on a relevant scientific and practical problem of the present, i.e., the resilience of organisations in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim is, upon analysing the response of organisations to the threats related to the COVID-19-caused restrictions on economic activity, to identify the predominant behaviour of organisations that predetermines their resilience. The theoretical part discusses the leadership aspect of the heads of organisations and the ability of organisations to survive in the conditions of uncertainty. The findings of the research in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) of Klaipėda Region are presented. The research methods chosen to deal with a scientific problem in the theoretical part include an analysis of literature sources, systematisation, synthesis, generalisation, and comparison. In the empirical research, quantitative research, i.e., a questionnaire survey and data processing methods, was applied. Due to the specificity of the region, the majority of the surveyed business entities (71.3%) are from the services sector, while the rest of the surveyed companies belong to the manufacturing (15%) and trade (13.7%) sectors. The research established that most of the organisations surveyed benefited from the government support. On assessing the survey data and summarising the response and efforts of organisations to deal with uncertainties, a conclusion was drawn that SMEs' response to uncertainties was mainly focused on the protection against threats and avoidance of risk, however, the organisations lacked preparedness and consistency when dealing with unforeseen circumstances.

The article focuses on a relevant scientific and practical problem of the present, i.e., the resilience of organisations in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim is, upon analysing the response of organisations to the threats related to the COVID-19-caused restrictions on economic activity, to identify the predominant behaviour of organisations that predetermines their resilience. The theoretical part discusses the leadership aspect of the heads of organisations and the ability of organisations to survive in the conditions of uncertainty. The findings of the research in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) of Klaipėda Region are presented. The research methods chosen to deal with a scientific problem in the theoretical part include an analysis of literature sources, systematisation, synthesis, generalisation, and comparison. In the empirical research, quantitative research, i.e., a questionnaire survey and data processing methods, was applied. Due to the specificity of the region, the majority of the surveyed business entities (71.3%) are from the services sector, while the rest of the surveyed companies belong to the manufacturing (15%) and trade (13.7%) sectors. The research established that most of the organisations surveyed benefited from the government support. On assessing the survey data and summarising the response and efforts of organisations to deal with uncertainties, a conclusion was drawn that SMEs' response to uncertainties was mainly focused on the protection against threats and avoidance of risk, however, the organisations lacked preparedness and consistency when dealing with unforeseen circumstances.

The article focuses on a relevant scientific and practical problem of the present, i.e., the resilience of organisations in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim is, upon analysing the response of organisations to the threats related to the COVID-19-caused restrictions on economic activity, to identify the predominant behaviour of organisations that predetermines their resilience. The theoretical part discusses the leadership aspect of the heads of organisations and the ability of organisations to survive in the conditions of uncertainty. The findings of the research in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) of Klaipėda Region are presented. The research methods chosen to deal with a scientific problem in the theoretical part include an analysis of literature sources, systematisation, synthesis, generalisation, and comparison. In the empirical research, quantitative research, i.e., a questionnaire survey and data processing methods, was applied. Due to the specificity of the region, the majority of the surveyed business entities (71.3%) are from the services sector, while the rest of the surveyed companies belong to the manufacturing (15%) and trade (13.7%) sectors. The research established that most of the organisations surveyed benefited from the government support. On assessing the survey data and summarising the response and efforts of organisations to deal with uncertainties, a conclusion was drawn that SMEs' response to uncertainties was mainly focused on the protection against threats and avoidance of risk, however, the organisations lacked preparedness and consistency when dealing with unforeseen circumstances.

After joining the European Union in 2004, the post-communist countries have dramatically changed their structure of expenditure for medical services. The cause of this is legislative and ownership changes in the new economy. The study analyzed the expenditure on medical services in the European Union with a special focus on Poland, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. The European Union countries were divided into clusters using different methods, that is, Ward's, Two Step and Centroid Clustering. In the paper, the structure and changes in health expenses were presented according to the types of expenditures over the years 2004–2015. Countries were assigned to clusters based on three variables: medical products, appliances and equipment, outpatient services and hospital services. Variables were considered as a percentage of household budget. In Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, there is a clear increase in the outpatient services spending compared to the hospital services expenditure.

After joining the European Union in 2004, the post-communist countries have dramatically changed their structure of expenditure for medical services. The cause of this is legislative and ownership changes in the new economy. The study analyzed the expenditure on medical services in the European Union with a special focus on Poland, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. The European Union countries were divided into clusters using different methods, that is, Ward's, Two Step and Centroid Clustering. In the paper, the structure and changes in health expenses were presented according to the types of expenditures over the years 2004–2015. Countries were assigned to clusters based on three variables: medical products, appliances and equipment, outpatient services and hospital services. Variables were considered as a percentage of household budget. In Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, there is a clear increase in the outpatient services spending compared to the hospital services expenditure.

After joining the European Union in 2004, the post-communist countries have dramatically changed their structure of expenditure for medical services. The cause of this is legislative and ownership changes in the new economy. The study analyzed the expenditure on medical services in the European Union with a special focus on Poland, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. The European Union countries were divided into clusters using different methods, that is, Ward's, Two Step and Centroid Clustering. In the paper, the structure and changes in health expenses were presented according to the types of expenditures over the years 2004–2015. Countries were assigned to clusters based on three variables: medical products, appliances and equipment, outpatient services and hospital services. Variables were considered as a percentage of household budget. In Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, there is a clear increase in the outpatient services spending compared to the hospital services expenditure.