Suchergebnisse

Стаття присвячена окремим проблемним питанням порушення «права на», а точніше «права доступу» до комерційної таємниці та ноу-хау, враховуючи фізичну природу «інформації як такої». Тому в статті термін «право на» комерційну таємницю та ноу-хау використовується як умовний. Зокрема, порушенням «права на» комерційну таємницю та ноу-хау є незаконні способи отримання цієї конфіденційної інформації, незаконне її розголошення та інші неправомірні дії, що призводять до порушення вказаного права. До незаконних способів отримання комерційної таємниці та ноу-хау відноситься проми­слове шпигунство, підкуп посадової особи (службовця), яка фактично контролює комер­ційну таємницю чи ноу-хау, незаконне проникнення в приміщення його власника, прослуховування засобів зв'язку, незаконне ознайомлення зі змістом кореспонденції, що містить комерційну таємницю чи ноу-хау тощо. ; Статья посвящена отдельным проблемным вопросам о нарушении «права на», а точнее «права доступа» к коммерческой тайне и ноу-хау, учитывая физическую природу «информации как таковой». Поэтому в статье термин «право на» коммерческую тайну и ноу-хау используется как условный. В частности, нарушением «права на» коммерческую тайну и ноу-хау являются незаконные способы получения данной конфиденциальной информации, незаконное ее разглашение и другие неправо­мерные действия, приводящие к нарушению указанного права. К незаконным спо­собам получения коммерческой тайны и ноу-хау относятся промышленный шпио­наж, подкуп должностного лица (служащего), которое фактически контролирует коммерческую тайну или ноу-хау, незаконное проникновение в помещение его собственника, прослушивание средств связи, незаконное ознакомление с содержа­нием корреспонденции, содержащей коммерческую тайну или ноу-хау и др. ; The article is devoted to separate problematic issues concerning the violation of the «right to», or rather, the «right of access» to commercial secrets and know-how, taking into ac­count the physical nature of «information as such».At present, the legal doctrine has developed two approaches to understanding the «right to» information. As for the first approach, the «right to» information is regarded as a subjective right. According to the second approach, the subjective right to information (confidential information) does not exist, and the term «right to» information is used only as conditional, since in reality it is a «right of access» to information (confidential information).The author comes from the position that the information is a message containing (in itself) the information, and for familiarization with them is not assigned the exclusive right, and especially the «property right», then, accordingly, there is no subjective right. Therefore, the term «right to» information (confidential information in the form of commercial secrets and know-how) is not an exact scientific formulation. More pre­cise scientific formulation, which more adequately reflects its essence, is the term «right of access» to information (confidential information in the form of commercial se­crets and know-how). Therefore, in the article the term «right to» commercial secret and know-how is used as conditional.The violation of the «right of access» to commercial secrets and know-how in gener­al and in the field of pharmacy, in particular, are illegal ways of obtaining such confi­dential information (commercial secrets and know-how), unlawful disclosure and other unlawful actions that violate the said right.Unlawful ways to obtain commercial secrecy and know-how include industrial es­pionage, bribery of an official (employee) who actually controls commercial secrets or know-how, unlawful penetration into the premises of his owner, listening to commu­nications, illicit acquaintance with the content of correspondence, containing commer­cial secrets or know-how, etc.Also, the commercial secret (know-how), is one way to protect against unfair competi­tion and is carried out in accordance with Art. 10bis («Unfair competition») and Art. 10ter («Trademarks, trade names, false indications, unfair competition, remedies, the right to go to court») of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property. The na­tional legislation on unfair competition does not, as such, fulfill the function of protecting «rights», but rather the law-protected interests of a person who is in fact controlling com­mercial secrets or know-how, but gives way to general civil law. The main feature of the rules of such legislation is its legal and protective nature.So we can say that the protection of commercial secrets (know-how) is carried out in the framework of the fight against unfair competition, provided by article 10bis of the Paris Convention. Also, according to Art. 10ter in the process of ensuring effective protection against unfair competition, the participating countries undertake to pro­vide such nationals of other countries of the Union with the following protection: nat­ural and legal persons lawfully controlling confidential information shall be entitled to prevent the disclosure, receipt or use of such information without their consent other persons, if the latter have done so in ways that are contrary to honest commer­cial practice. In the notion of a method that is contrary to honest commercial practice, the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (hereinafter referred to as the TRIPS Agreement) invests in breach of contract, breach of trust, in­citement to violation; the acquisition of closed information by third parties who knew or committed gross negligence without knowing that actions that contradict honest trading practices were allowed in the process of such acquisition.It can be stated that the TRIPS Agreement was the first time at the international level to identify the notions of protecting undisclosed information (commercial se­crets) as a means of information protection, the use of which is legally controlled by a legal entity. In general, in the past, many countries have addressed the issues of pro­tecting trade secrets or know-how no matter other than the issues of secrecy or indus­trial property protection. In order to meet the signs of the TRIPS Agreement, WTO member countries will have to protect all commercially valuable secrets.

Стаття присвячена окремим проблемним питанням порушення «права на», а точніше «права доступу» до комерційної таємниці та ноу-хау, враховуючи фізичну природу «інформації як такої». Тому в статті термін «право на» комерційну таємницю та ноу-хау використовується як умовний. Зокрема, порушенням «права на» комерційну таємницю та ноу-хау є незаконні способи отримання цієї конфіденційної інформації, незаконне її розголошення та інші неправомірні дії, що призводять до порушення вказаного права. До незаконних способів отримання комерційної таємниці та ноу-хау відноситься проми­слове шпигунство, підкуп посадової особи (службовця), яка фактично контролює комер­ційну таємницю чи ноу-хау, незаконне проникнення в приміщення його власника, прослуховування засобів зв'язку, незаконне ознайомлення зі змістом кореспонденції, що містить комерційну таємницю чи ноу-хау тощо. ; Статья посвящена отдельным проблемным вопросам о нарушении «права на», а точнее «права доступа» к коммерческой тайне и ноу-хау, учитывая физическую природу «информации как таковой». Поэтому в статье термин «право на» коммерческую тайну и ноу-хау используется как условный. В частности, нарушением «права на» коммерческую тайну и ноу-хау являются незаконные способы получения данной конфиденциальной информации, незаконное ее разглашение и другие неправо­мерные действия, приводящие к нарушению указанного права. К незаконным спо­собам получения коммерческой тайны и ноу-хау относятся промышленный шпио­наж, подкуп должностного лица (служащего), которое фактически контролирует коммерческую тайну или ноу-хау, незаконное проникновение в помещение его собственника, прослушивание средств связи, незаконное ознакомление с содержа­нием корреспонденции, содержащей коммерческую тайну или ноу-хау и др. ; The article is devoted to separate problematic issues concerning the violation of the «right to», or rather, the «right of access» to commercial secrets and know-how, taking into ac­count the physical nature of «information as such».At present, the legal doctrine has developed two approaches to understanding the «right to» information. As for the first approach, the «right to» information is regarded as a subjective right. According to the second approach, the subjective right to information (confidential information) does not exist, and the term «right to» information is used only as conditional, since in reality it is a «right of access» to information (confidential information).The author comes from the position that the information is a message containing (in itself) the information, and for familiarization with them is not assigned the exclusive right, and especially the «property right», then, accordingly, there is no subjective right. Therefore, the term «right to» information (confidential information in the form of commercial secrets and know-how) is not an exact scientific formulation. More pre­cise scientific formulation, which more adequately reflects its essence, is the term «right of access» to information (confidential information in the form of commercial se­crets and know-how). Therefore, in the article the term «right to» commercial secret and know-how is used as conditional.The violation of the «right of access» to commercial secrets and know-how in gener­al and in the field of pharmacy, in particular, are illegal ways of obtaining such confi­dential information (commercial secrets and know-how), unlawful disclosure and other unlawful actions that violate the said right.Unlawful ways to obtain commercial secrecy and know-how include industrial es­pionage, bribery of an official (employee) who actually controls commercial secrets or know-how, unlawful penetration into the premises of his owner, listening to commu­nications, illicit acquaintance with the content of correspondence, containing commer­cial secrets or know-how, etc.Also, the commercial secret (know-how), is one way to protect against unfair competi­tion and is carried out in accordance with Art. 10bis («Unfair competition») and Art. 10ter («Trademarks, trade names, false indications, unfair competition, remedies, the right to go to court») of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property. The na­tional legislation on unfair competition does not, as such, fulfill the function of protecting «rights», but rather the law-protected interests of a person who is in fact controlling com­mercial secrets or know-how, but gives way to general civil law. The main feature of the rules of such legislation is its legal and protective nature.So we can say that the protection of commercial secrets (know-how) is carried out in the framework of the fight against unfair competition, provided by article 10bis of the Paris Convention. Also, according to Art. 10ter in the process of ensuring effective protection against unfair competition, the participating countries undertake to pro­vide such nationals of other countries of the Union with the following protection: nat­ural and legal persons lawfully controlling confidential information shall be entitled to prevent the disclosure, receipt or use of such information without their consent other persons, if the latter have done so in ways that are contrary to honest commer­cial practice. In the notion of a method that is contrary to honest commercial practice, the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (hereinafter referred to as the TRIPS Agreement) invests in breach of contract, breach of trust, in­citement to violation; the acquisition of closed information by third parties who knew or committed gross negligence without knowing that actions that contradict honest trading practices were allowed in the process of such acquisition.It can be stated that the TRIPS Agreement was the first time at the international level to identify the notions of protecting undisclosed information (commercial se­crets) as a means of information protection, the use of which is legally controlled by a legal entity. In general, in the past, many countries have addressed the issues of pro­tecting trade secrets or know-how no matter other than the issues of secrecy or indus­trial property protection. In order to meet the signs of the TRIPS Agreement, WTO member countries will have to protect all commercially valuable secrets.

The purpose of this article is to clarify some of the problems of trade secret protection and suggest ways to overcome them. The methodological basis of the study are general and special methods of cognition. The use of these methods made it possible to describe the problems of trade secret protection. Results: the study found that breaches of trade secrets are considered by international law as unfair competition. At the same time, the laws on unfair competition in the countries of the continental (pandectic) legal system are based on the theory of confidentiality (de facto monopoly). Therefore, the foreign experience of the countries of the continental (pandect) system of law is of particular importance for the formation of Ukrainian legislation on trade secrets. Discussion: given the specifics of the studied object of intellectual property rights and based on the analysis of international experience found that national approaches to ways to protect intellectual property rights to trade secrets are not effective because they do not provide and do not provide maximum material satisfaction for the person access to which is violated, and quite severe consequences for the offender. It is proposed to improve the current legislation of Ukraine on the protection of trade secrets. ; Метою даної статті є з'ясувати деякі проблеми захисту комерційної таємниці та запропонувати шляхи їх подолання. Стаття присвячена дослідженню проблем захисту комерційної таємниці в Україні, а також вивченню міжнародного досвіду у сфері наведеної проблематики. Проведено аналіз норм чинного національного законодавства, які спрямовані на захист комерційної таємниці. Досліджено судову практику, а також практику відповідних уповноважених органів України щодо даної проблеми. Методологічною основою дослідження є загальнонаукові та спеціальні методи пізнання. Використання цих методів дало можливість описати проблеми захисту комерційної таємниці. Результати: під час дослідження було встановлено, що порушення комерційної таємниці розглядається ...

This research paper is devoted to the issue of protection of a legally protected interest in respect of confidential information (trade secrets and know-how). It reveals the distinction between the concepts of sub­jective rights and interests protected by law, and the study of terms and interest legally protected interest.In the science of civil law, there are different points of view regarding the understand­ing of subjective law and interest. To properly resolve the issue of the correlation of these concepts with respect to confidential information (commercial secrets and know-how), one has to find out what needs to be understood as interest. Although the current civil law of Ukraine is widespread and uses the term «interest», it does not contain a clear de­finition of the concept of «interest», «interest protected by law», a legal and substantive characteristic, which leads to different interpretations of it in judicial practice.Following the opinion of certain EU lawyers, the «right of access» to confidential information (commercial secrets and know-how) is not considered by the authors of the article as a classical subjective civil law, namely, «protected by law», since such in­formation may only be a factual monopoly (de facto), in contrast to subjective exclu­sive civil law, which arises, for example, from a patent (de jure).Thus, following the traditional positions of continental law, the authors advocate the notion that information (as well as confidential information (commercial secrets and know-how) can not give rise to ownership (possession, use and disposal) and, accordingly, there is no sub-intellectual property right, including intellectual property rights, since this notion is arbitrary. In essence, it is an exclusive right (monopoly). However, since commercial secrets and know-how relate to intangible objects that do not have the char­acteristics of intellectual property objects (exclusive rights), such a monopoly will only be de facto, and not legal (de jure), on for example, from a patented invention.Given this, and taking into account the current civil law, it would be advisable to use the term «protected by law» in relation to such an unusual object as information, confidential information (commercial secret and know-how).Therefore, proceeding from the above, cases in the court on the protection of confi­dential information (commercial secrets and know-how) should be considered not as an overridden or disputed subjective right, namely, as an interest protected by law. And since civil law in Ukraine refers both to the protection of rights and to the protec­tion of interests, it shows that even the legislator proceeds from the doctrine accord­ing to which interest is not included in the content of subjective law, but exists inde­pendently, for its boundaries.If these hypotheses are correct, then questions arise for which scientific communi­ty needs to be answered. They will be of purely practical importance, in particular, for describing (formulating) the subject matter of the dispute, the subject of the action and its grounds in the case of the protection of the interest protected by law regarding confidential information (commercial secrets and know-how). Therefore, it seems that the legislator hastened to «bring» confidential information and, in particular, com­mercial secrets under the legal regime of the object of law, and not under the legal regime of the object of information. ; Статья посвящена рассмотрению вопросов защиты охраняемого законом интереса в отно­шении конфиденциальной информации (коммерческой тайны и ноу-хау). Раскры­ты разграничение понятий «субъективное право» и «охраняемый законом интерес», а также исследование терминов «интерес» и «охраняемый законом интерес». При этом авторы статьи не рассматривают «право доступа» к конфиденциальной инфор­мации (коммерческой тайне и ноу-хау) как классическое субъективное гражданское право, а именно как «охраняемый законом интерес». ; Стаття присвячена розгляду питання захисту охоронюваного законом інтересу щодо конфіденційної інформації (комерційної таємниці та ноу-хау). Розкрито розме­жування понять «суб'єктивне право» та «охоронюваний законом інтерес», а також дослідження термінів «інтерес» та «охоронюваний законом інтерес». При цьому автори статті не розглядають «право доступу» до конфіденційної інформації (комерційної таємниці та ноу-хау) як класичне суб'єктивне цивільне право, а саме як «охоронюваний законом інтерес».