Suchergebnisse

Розглянуто основні тенденції, які існують у міграційній сфері України. Доведено, що ефективна міграційна політика має прямий вплив на забезпечення збалансованого економічного та соціального розвитку держави. Визначено основні напрями удосконалення державної міграційної політики України з врахуванням впливу загроз національній і соціальній безпеці на сучасному етапі. ; Problem statement. The state migration policy in Ukraine is characterized by the absence of efficient mechanisms of public regulation of internal voluntary and forced migration, aimed at the development of the country and its regions. Also, migration policy does not sufficiently take into consideration the priorities of ensuring national and social security of Ukraine and its regions, that correspond to new challenges and threats of both internal and external nature. Internally displaced persons from the east of the country and the Crimea as well as internal voluntary labour migrants not involved as the resources of development of the society and territorial communities of the country are left unattended in it; while external migration of Ukrainians from the country constitutes a threat for the future. Therefore, author's assessments, proposals and recommendations are in a way aimed to solve the problems of improvement of Ukraine's state migration policy that are topical for the country, with due account of the effect of the threats posed to national and social security at the current stage.Recent research and publications analysis. Migration trends are studied in their works at different levels by both foreign and Ukrainian researchers including Î. Bilyk, Î. Hrishnova, Kh. Zlotnyk, V. Ivanenko, Ê. Ighlichka, S. Castles, Ò. Klinchenko, V. Kovalenko, ². Kollet, V. Kryvenko, Î. Malynovska, Î. Piskun, P. Stalker, S. Timur and others. However, in the conditions of globalized modern world and special attention paid to stable social and economic development in the security context the problems of Ukraine's migration policy require deep and profound scientific research.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. The goal of this article is to assess the situation in the migration domain of Ukraine and to substantiate the directions of Ukraine's state migration policy improvement, with due account of the threats posed to national and social security at the current stage.Paper main body. In modern Ukraine the content of migration policy which really aims to protect and ensure security of national interests is characterized by a wide range of peculiarities connected to the call of the times. These are protection of the rights and guarantees of migrants as well as integration of migrants at the places of their relocation, promotion of the development of the country from which the migrant has moved and in which (s)he is staying.Migration processes have been significantly affected by the situation in Ukraine, related to the war. This factor caused the desire of a considerable part of Ukrainian citizens to leave the country and to move abroad, as well as not to participate in military actions dangerous for life. Deterioration in the economic situation has caused poverty, unemployment growth and intensified labour migration. Security and development have manifested their close interrelation and interdependence both in the country and in relation to prospective migrants coming to Ukraine. Over the years of the armed conflict twice fewer foreigners have come to Ukraine than before the war. The trend towards Ukraine's unattractiveness for external voluntary migration is gathering momentum ever, and at the same time the number of refugees coming from the countries the citizens of which are looking for asylum is on the rise. The state migration policy is not fully aligned with priority objectives and directions of Ukraine's economic development. One of the core tasks of the state is to develop incentives for such specialists to get salaries in the Motherland, that would correspond to the world standards, for them to be interested in working in Ukraine instead of looking for a better life abroad. Here it should be noted that the problem is not only that of the migration policy – it is much wider. In this case one may speak about the general status of political, economic, social state system, capable of ensuring proper welfare for the population. Within this framework the importance of general state recovery in all the fields and domains must be stressed.The trends identified and certain lack of balance between development objectives, security requirements and state regulation of migration processes call for excellence of the basics of Ukraine's state migration policy. The directions of improvement of Ukraine's state migration policy, with due account of the effect of the threats posed to national and social security at the current stage, are as follows: ensuring coordination of the state migration policy with the objectives and directions of Ukraine's development in priority sectors of economy; re-orientation of modern migration policy towards implementing the priorities of national and social security; ensuring of a well-balanced nature of the state migration policy in terms of the country's development and security needs as stated in strategic legal documents of the state and its regions; improvement of the institutional provision of the development and implementation of the state migration policy; improvement of the quality of administrative service provision in the field of migration at the state and regional levels, introduction of modern electronic migration process detection and management technologies in Ukraine; improvement of staff provision of migration services along with introduction of progressive innovative forms of interacting with migrants; development and implementation of economic, organizational and management, regulatory and legal mechanisms of migration and diaspora (expatriate community) reintegration; regulation of the processes of external migration of human resources, effective reintegration of migrants and diaspora in Ukraine.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. It has been summarized that the overall situation in Ukraine in the context of security and well-balanced nature of the state's economic and social development proves that currently there is a need to activate the effort related to ensuring of national security in the economic and social domains. Within this framework, Ukraine's state policy should be unified in all directions, this, in particular, referring to migration policy. Ensuring of reasonable and well-balanced decisions in the migration field is capable of raising the level of national security of the state in general. Implementation of the directions of improvement of Ukraine's state migration policy, determined in the article, with due account of the effect of the threats posed to Ukraine's national and social security, consideration of proposals and recommendations on improvement of Ukraine's state migration policy in the practice of public migration process management will allow to minimize the negative consequences of external and forced migration of Ukrainian residents, to mitigate the effect of threats and hazards for the future.

Розглянуто основні тенденції, які існують у міграційній сфері України. Доведено, що ефективна міграційна політика має прямий вплив на забезпечення збалансованого економічного та соціального розвитку держави. Визначено основні напрями удосконалення державної міграційної політики України з врахуванням впливу загроз національній і соціальній безпеці на сучасному етапі. ; Problem statement. The state migration policy in Ukraine is characterized by the absence of efficient mechanisms of public regulation of internal voluntary and forced migration, aimed at the development of the country and its regions. Also, migration policy does not sufficiently take into consideration the priorities of ensuring national and social security of Ukraine and its regions, that correspond to new challenges and threats of both internal and external nature. Internally displaced persons from the east of the country and the Crimea as well as internal voluntary labour migrants not involved as the resources of development of the society and territorial communities of the country are left unattended in it; while external migration of Ukrainians from the country constitutes a threat for the future. Therefore, author's assessments, proposals and recommendations are in a way aimed to solve the problems of improvement of Ukraine's state migration policy that are topical for the country, with due account of the effect of the threats posed to national and social security at the current stage.Recent research and publications analysis. Migration trends are studied in their works at different levels by both foreign and Ukrainian researchers including Î. Bilyk, Î. Hrishnova, Kh. Zlotnyk, V. Ivanenko, Ê. Ighlichka, S. Castles, Ò. Klinchenko, V. Kovalenko, ². Kollet, V. Kryvenko, Î. Malynovska, Î. Piskun, P. Stalker, S. Timur and others. However, in the conditions of globalized modern world and special attention paid to stable social and economic development in the security context the problems of Ukraine's migration policy require deep and profound scientific research.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. The goal of this article is to assess the situation in the migration domain of Ukraine and to substantiate the directions of Ukraine's state migration policy improvement, with due account of the threats posed to national and social security at the current stage.Paper main body. In modern Ukraine the content of migration policy which really aims to protect and ensure security of national interests is characterized by a wide range of peculiarities connected to the call of the times. These are protection of the rights and guarantees of migrants as well as integration of migrants at the places of their relocation, promotion of the development of the country from which the migrant has moved and in which (s)he is staying.Migration processes have been significantly affected by the situation in Ukraine, related to the war. This factor caused the desire of a considerable part of Ukrainian citizens to leave the country and to move abroad, as well as not to participate in military actions dangerous for life. Deterioration in the economic situation has caused poverty, unemployment growth and intensified labour migration. Security and development have manifested their close interrelation and interdependence both in the country and in relation to prospective migrants coming to Ukraine. Over the years of the armed conflict twice fewer foreigners have come to Ukraine than before the war. The trend towards Ukraine's unattractiveness for external voluntary migration is gathering momentum ever, and at the same time the number of refugees coming from the countries the citizens of which are looking for asylum is on the rise. The state migration policy is not fully aligned with priority objectives and directions of Ukraine's economic development. One of the core tasks of the state is to develop incentives for such specialists to get salaries in the Motherland, that would correspond to the world standards, for them to be interested in working in Ukraine instead of looking for a better life abroad. Here it should be noted that the problem is not only that of the migration policy – it is much wider. In this case one may speak about the general status of political, economic, social state system, capable of ensuring proper welfare for the population. Within this framework the importance of general state recovery in all the fields and domains must be stressed.The trends identified and certain lack of balance between development objectives, security requirements and state regulation of migration processes call for excellence of the basics of Ukraine's state migration policy. The directions of improvement of Ukraine's state migration policy, with due account of the effect of the threats posed to national and social security at the current stage, are as follows: ensuring coordination of the state migration policy with the objectives and directions of Ukraine's development in priority sectors of economy; re-orientation of modern migration policy towards implementing the priorities of national and social security; ensuring of a well-balanced nature of the state migration policy in terms of the country's development and security needs as stated in strategic legal documents of the state and its regions; improvement of the institutional provision of the development and implementation of the state migration policy; improvement of the quality of administrative service provision in the field of migration at the state and regional levels, introduction of modern electronic migration process detection and management technologies in Ukraine; improvement of staff provision of migration services along with introduction of progressive innovative forms of interacting with migrants; development and implementation of economic, organizational and management, regulatory and legal mechanisms of migration and diaspora (expatriate community) reintegration; regulation of the processes of external migration of human resources, effective reintegration of migrants and diaspora in Ukraine.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. It has been summarized that the overall situation in Ukraine in the context of security and well-balanced nature of the state's economic and social development proves that currently there is a need to activate the effort related to ensuring of national security in the economic and social domains. Within this framework, Ukraine's state policy should be unified in all directions, this, in particular, referring to migration policy. Ensuring of reasonable and well-balanced decisions in the migration field is capable of raising the level of national security of the state in general. Implementation of the directions of improvement of Ukraine's state migration policy, determined in the article, with due account of the effect of the threats posed to Ukraine's national and social security, consideration of proposals and recommendations on improvement of Ukraine's state migration policy in the practice of public migration process management will allow to minimize the negative consequences of external and forced migration of Ukrainian residents, to mitigate the effect of threats and hazards for the future.

Зміст проекту Концепції базується на забезпеченні реалізації національних інтересів України щодо подолання воєнного протистояння на сході України, на матеріалах зведеного звіту Європейського Союзу, Організації Об'єднаних Націй та Міжнародного банку реконструкції та розвитку (Світового банку) з оцінки відновлення та розбудови миру (том 1, 2), на нормативно-правових, законодавчих та стратегічних документах України, які спрямовані та сприяють розв'язанню проблем подолання кризового стану в державі та наслідків воєнних дій. Структура проекту Концепції відповідає вимогам документів такої спрямованості та містить розділи: визначення проблеми, аналіз причин її виникнення та розв'язання програмним методом, мету програми, визначення оптимального варіанта розв'язання проблеми, шляхи і способи розв'язання проблеми, строки виконання програми, а також очікувані результати виконання Програми та визначення її ефективності, оцінку фінансових, матеріально-технічних, трудових ресурсів для виконання програми з аналізом ризиків реалізації програми. Це першій в Україні проект документу концептуального плану, який стосується розв'язання проблем сходу України.Содержание проекта Концепции базируется на обеспечении реализации национальных интересов Украины относительно преодоления военного противостояния на востоке Украины, на материалах отчета Европейского Союза, Организации Объединенных Наций и Мирового банка по оценке возобновления и развития мира (том 1, 2), на нормативно-правовых, законодательных и стратегических документах Украины, которые направлены и способствуют решению проблем преодоления кризисного состояния в государстве и последствий военных действий. Структура проекта Концепции отвечает требованиям документов такой направленности и содержит разделы: определение проблемы, анализ причин ее возникновения и решение программным методом, цель программы, определение оптимального варианта решения проблемы, пути и способы решения проблемы, сроки выполнения программы, а также ожидаемые результаты выполнения Программы и определения ее эффективности, оценку финансовых, материально-технических, трудовых ресурсов для выполнения программы с анализом рисков реализации программы. Это первый в Украине проект документа концептуального плана, который касается решения проблем востока Украины.The project of Conception devoted to providing of realization of national interests of Ukraine in relation to overcoming of military opposition on East of Ukraine. It is based on materials of reports of European Union, United Nations and the World bank as evaluated by renewal and development of the world (volume 1, 2), on the normatively-legal, legislative and strategic documents of Ukraine, which are directed and assist the decision of problems of overcoming of the crisis state in the state and consequences of military operations. The structure of project of Conception answers: the requirements of documents of such orientation and contains divisions from determination of problem, analysis of reasons of her origin and by a decision by a programmatic method, I sweep the programs, determinations of optimal variant of decision of problem, ways and methods of decision of problem, terms of implementation of the program, and also the expected results of implementation of Program and determination of her efficiency, estimation of financial, material and technical, labour resources for implementation of the program with the analysis of risks of realization of the program. It is the first national project of document of conceptual plan which touches the decision of problems of East of Ukraine.