Suchergebnisse

Problem setting. One of the most important tasks of modern science of public management and administration is the further improvement of management technologies, management decisions in banking in particular and the increase of their efficiency and effectiveness. Accordingly, the scientific interest is not only in the study and the analysis of banking legislation of certain countries, but in the adaptation of national legislation to the directives of the European Union. The urgency of improving the mechanism of state regulation of the market for the provision of services for the collection of funds and transportation of currency valuables in the banking system of Ukraine is undeniable, the implementation of which should include the mandatory establishment of real requirements and measures of responsibility of managers of both individual financial institutions and regulatory bodies. Recent research and publications analysis. The organization of central banks of the world, their legal status, main functions, comparative aspects, regulatory activities in the field of the organization of cash circulation and cash collection were studied in the works of L. Voronova, D. Hetmantsev, V. Krotyuk, S. Yehorychev, M. Starynsky, P. Melnyk, S. Laptev, I. Zaverukha. Legal problems of legalization of firearms circulation in Ukraine were studied by А.Kolosok, P. Mitrukhov, P. Fries, S. Shumilenko and others. The works of V.Baranyak, V. Меzhyvy, М. Pinchuk, T. Pryhodko, V.Rybachuk, В.Tychyi, etc. are devoted to the study of legal problems of illegal handling of weapons. However, these works do not reflect the peculiarities of the use of firearms in subdivisions of collection of funds. Native and foreign scholars generally have not paid due attention to the study and the analysis of the existing model of cash circulation in Ukraine, its advantages, risks and disadvantages as well as the effective functioning of the market of collection of funds and transportation of currency valuables in the banking system of Ukraine. Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. The purpose of this article is to analyze the innovative foreign experience of state regulation of the market of collection of funds and transportation of currency valuables in the banking system of Ukraine (hereinafter – collection of funds) and to justify the need for its implementation in Ukraine. Another important problem in collection activities is the lack of legislative regulation of firearms trafficking as there is no law on weapons in Ukraine, there are only regulations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, which greatly complicates its regulation by the state according to P. Fries. Paper main body. The market of collection of funds and transportation of currency valuables (hereinafter – the market of collection) is one of the most closed segments of the banking system of any country as a whole. The most popular way to pay for services and goods during the last few years, according to annual surveys conducted by the Swiss central bank, is cash. The important factor is that even with the spread of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, the demand for cash and cash flow has increased significantly. The National Bank of Ukraine carries out regulatory activities in accordance with the requirements of the Law of Ukraine "On Principles of State Regulatory Policy in the Field of Economic Activity". Collection of funds has never been a particularly profitable activity, for the subdivisions of collection of any country along with the staff and transportation costs, that is why to ensure the proper security of cash transportation is a very costly item of the estimate. In this regard, there is an urgent need for the adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On collection of funds and transportation of currency valuables" and "On firearms", which would define the basic foundations, principles, forms of activities in the field of collection services, rights, duties and responsibilities of all participants in the collection market, in order to increase their reliability, safety and efficiency. In the countries of the European Union (EU), services for the collection and transportation of currency valuables are provided by public and private enterprises. In many EU countries there is no legal definition of the concept 'collection'. In most cases, collection falls under the general legislation on the basics of security, except for Austria and Germany, which regulate such activities through professional organizations, insurance and collective agreements. Today, five foreign global CIT companies account for almost 60% of the global CIT market for cash collection and cash handling services. They are: –Brinks (USA) – 23%; –G4S (England) – 15%; –Loomis (Sweden) – 12%; –Prosegur (Spain) – 7%; –Garda (Canada) – 4%; –GSLS – 0.01%; –Other regional independent companies – 39%. In six EU countries (Denmark, Ireland, Greece, Sweden, Great Britain and the Netherlands) the presence of firearms during collection of funds is prohibited. In Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg and Spain, the presence of a weapon in the performance of professional collection duties is mandatory. Safe collection of funds largely depends on the fast, without delays, safe travel by road. Ukraine needs to reform its transport system to gain access to the European Union's rail, road, river and air transport markets and to financial resources for building safe infrastructure of high quality. Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Unfortunately, there are no well-known world CIT collection companies in the Ukrainian market of collection services and therefore Ukrainian banks and legal entities have to deal with local CIT companies, the authorized capital of which in some cases may be significantly less than the amount of the collected cash. In accordance with the mentioned above, for the effective functioning of the Ukrainian market of collection of funds and a balanced regulatory policy of the state, we suggest making appropriate changes and additions to the Laws of Ukraine on "Banks and Banking", "National Bank of Ukraine". To initiate the development and adoption of the Laws of Ukraine "On Collection and Transportation of Currency Valuables" and "On Firearms" which will ensure equal competitive conditions in the collection market for all its participants, reliable labor protection, social guarantees and rights of employees of collection divisions. ; Розглянуто основні аспекти здійснення операцій з інкасації коштів та перевезення валютних цінностей в Україні та закордоном, а також проведено їх порівняльний аналіз. Виокремлено проблеми, які заважають інкасаційним компаніям ефективно працювати у сфері надання послуг із інкасації коштів та перевезень валютних цінностей. Обґрунтовано необхідність удосконалення механізмів державного регулювання ринку з надання послуг із інкасації коштів та перевезень валютних цінностей в Україні, зокрема з урахуванням інноваційного закордонного досвіду.

Problem setting. National Bank of Ukraine as a state central banking institution establishes rules and regulations which define the cash collection and transportation of currency values (hereinafter – cash collection) procedures in banking institutions in Ukraine, issues licenses for the right to cash collection and transportation of banknotes, coins and other values, and carries out state control over compliance with the rules and procedures of cash collection operations in banking institutions in Ukraine.Until 2016, a classical controlled scheme of cash circulation organization was working in the system of National Bank of Ukraine. It stipulated delivery of currency values (new banknotes, coins, commemorative coins, etc.) from the National Bank of Ukraine Central Repository to the regional departments of cash circulation. During the internal transformation of the National Bank of Ukraine in 2016 – 2019, the classical controlled scheme of cash circulation organization in Ukraine was changed to a delegated model of cash circulation organization. During the process of practical approbation, some shortcomings and risks were detected in this new model, which, as a result, have a negative influence on the role, tasks, and functions of the National Bank in the banking system of Ukraine. There was a proposal to transform the cash circulation system of the National Bank in the part of creating the cash circulation alternative scheme of the National Bank and the transportation of currency values in the system of the National Bank exclusively using subdivisions that transport the values of the National Bank. It was made to promptly respond to the existing and potential threats to the national interests, national security of Ukraine, preservation of the state influence on the market of cash collection services in Ukraine and the mechanisms of its regulation.Recent research and publications analysis. Domestic and foreign scholars did not pay due attention to the study and analysis of the delegated model of cash circulation functioning in Ukraine, its benefits, risks, and shortcomings, and also to the cash collection and transportation of the currency values functioning in the banking system of Ukraine. The analysis of the activities of the state cash collection subdivisions in the countries of CIS and Eastern Europe shows that in most cases they are created and operate on the basis of a central bank of a country and provide, except for the internal transportation of values, a stable presence of the state on the market of cash collection and transportation of currency values services.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. In 2016, employees of the National Bank of Ukraine lost the status of public officials. We consider that given the legal status of the National Bank, its state tasks and functions, full deprivation of all the National Bank employees of the public officials status, especially during active military actions on the territory of Ukraine, was pointless. Restoring the status of public officials will contribute to the independence of the National Bank and the adoption of effective and responsible administrative decisions by the bank administration.The main purpose of the article is not only to study and analyze the modern market of cash collection and transportation of currency values functioning in the banking system of Ukraine but also to find different ways of its successful transformation, to provide suggestions for improving the state regulation mechanism of the market of cash collection services in Ukraine, and to increase the role and image of the National Bank as an independent central bank of Ukraine.Paper main body. At present, the transportation of currency values subdivisions in Ukrainian banking institutions, legal entities which obtained proper licenses from the National Bank and the National Bank subdivisions of transportation of values provide cash collection and transportation of currency values in the banking system of Ukraine.For the sake of full security and stabilization of the situation on the market of cash collection and transportation of currency values services, it is needed to cardinally change the approaches of solving these issues and to increase the effectiveness of the state regulation in the transportation of the values and cash collection.To avoid the risks of values loss, fraudulent actions and abuses, saving the lives and health of the cash collectors, the National Bank shall always increase the requirements for the creation and maintaining working conditions of the cash collection subdivisions of the banking institutions and CIT-companies.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Summarizing the above, we offer the following suggestions to overcome the systematic challenges and threats in the banking system of Ukraine, in particular, we propose:– to create a national state enterprise at the National Bank based on the National Bank Central Repository, for example, Ukrincas, and to renew state cash collection of the enterprises, trade networks, and organizations;– to introduce an alternative scheme of the National Bank cash circulation and to transport the currency values in the system of the National Bank exclusively by the National Bank subdivisions of the transportation of values;– to improve the state regulation mechanism of the market of cash collection and transportation of currency values services in Ukraine, in particular, by increasing the requirements for the terms of issuing licenses to legal entities by the National Bank of Ukraine for the right to provide the banks with services of cash collection and also by strengthening the control over their activities;– to define a single educational institution with its extensive network of regional institutes, which, according to the program agreed by the National Bank, will be occupied with the professional training and education of the employees of cash collection and transportation of values subdivisions;– to provide centralized development of the methodological materials and a manual on the organization of cash collection and transportation of values;– to restore the employees of the National Bank of Ukraine which carry out the administrative and regulatory functions, in their status of public officials;– to initiate and to make appropriate changes to the normative legal documents that regulate the procedure of cash collection and transportation of currency values in Ukraine. ; Обґрунтовано необхідність удосконалення механізму державного регулювання ринку надання послуг з інкасації коштів та перевезень валютних цінностей в Україні, зокрема підвищення вимог до умов видачі Національним банком України юридичним особам ліцензії на надання банкам послуг з інкасації та посилення контролю за їх діяльністю. З метою невідкладного реагування на наявні і потенційні загрози національним інтересам, національній безпеці України, в умовах постійного зменшення кількості банківських установ в Україні, що мають власні підрозділи інкасації та перевезення цінностей, наявності ризиків зміни форми власності державних уповноважених банків, збереження державного впливу на ринок надання послуг з інкасації коштів і перевезень валютних цінностей в Україні та механізмів його регулювання, запропоновано трансформувати систему грошового обігу Національного банку України в частині створення альтернативної схеми готівкового обігу Національного банку України та здійснення перевезень валютних цінностей в системі Національного банку України винятково силами підрозділів перевезення цінностей Національного банку України. Порушено питання щодо відновлення статусу державних службовців окремим категоріям працівників Національного банку України та створення єдиного сертифікованого центру професійної підготовки та підвищення кваліфікації інкасаторів та водіїв.

Problem setting. National Bank of Ukraine as a state central banking institution establishes rules and regulations which define the cash collection and transportation of currency values (hereinafter – cash collection) procedures in banking institutions in Ukraine, issues licenses for the right to cash collection and transportation of banknotes, coins and other values, and carries out state control over compliance with the rules and procedures of cash collection operations in banking institutions in Ukraine.Until 2016, a classical controlled scheme of cash circulation organization was working in the system of National Bank of Ukraine. It stipulated delivery of currency values (new banknotes, coins, commemorative coins, etc.) from the National Bank of Ukraine Central Repository to the regional departments of cash circulation. During the internal transformation of the National Bank of Ukraine in 2016 – 2019, the classical controlled scheme of cash circulation organization in Ukraine was changed to a delegated model of cash circulation organization. During the process of practical approbation, some shortcomings and risks were detected in this new model, which, as a result, have a negative influence on the role, tasks, and functions of the National Bank in the banking system of Ukraine. There was a proposal to transform the cash circulation system of the National Bank in the part of creating the cash circulation alternative scheme of the National Bank and the transportation of currency values in the system of the National Bank exclusively using subdivisions that transport the values of the National Bank. It was made to promptly respond to the existing and potential threats to the national interests, national security of Ukraine, preservation of the state influence on the market of cash collection services in Ukraine and the mechanisms of its regulation.Recent research and publications analysis. Domestic and foreign scholars did not pay due attention to the study and analysis of the delegated model of cash circulation functioning in Ukraine, its benefits, risks, and shortcomings, and also to the cash collection and transportation of the currency values functioning in the banking system of Ukraine. The analysis of the activities of the state cash collection subdivisions in the countries of CIS and Eastern Europe shows that in most cases they are created and operate on the basis of a central bank of a country and provide, except for the internal transportation of values, a stable presence of the state on the market of cash collection and transportation of currency values services.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. In 2016, employees of the National Bank of Ukraine lost the status of public officials. We consider that given the legal status of the National Bank, its state tasks and functions, full deprivation of all the National Bank employees of the public officials status, especially during active military actions on the territory of Ukraine, was pointless. Restoring the status of public officials will contribute to the independence of the National Bank and the adoption of effective and responsible administrative decisions by the bank administration.The main purpose of the article is not only to study and analyze the modern market of cash collection and transportation of currency values functioning in the banking system of Ukraine but also to find different ways of its successful transformation, to provide suggestions for improving the state regulation mechanism of the market of cash collection services in Ukraine, and to increase the role and image of the National Bank as an independent central bank of Ukraine.Paper main body. At present, the transportation of currency values subdivisions in Ukrainian banking institutions, legal entities which obtained proper licenses from the National Bank and the National Bank subdivisions of transportation of values provide cash collection and transportation of currency values in the banking system of Ukraine.For the sake of full security and stabilization of the situation on the market of cash collection and transportation of currency values services, it is needed to cardinally change the approaches of solving these issues and to increase the effectiveness of the state regulation in the transportation of the values and cash collection.To avoid the risks of values loss, fraudulent actions and abuses, saving the lives and health of the cash collectors, the National Bank shall always increase the requirements for the creation and maintaining working conditions of the cash collection subdivisions of the banking institutions and CIT-companies.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Summarizing the above, we offer the following suggestions to overcome the systematic challenges and threats in the banking system of Ukraine, in particular, we propose:– to create a national state enterprise at the National Bank based on the National Bank Central Repository, for example, Ukrincas, and to renew state cash collection of the enterprises, trade networks, and organizations;– to introduce an alternative scheme of the National Bank cash circulation and to transport the currency values in the system of the National Bank exclusively by the National Bank subdivisions of the transportation of values;– to improve the state regulation mechanism of the market of cash collection and transportation of currency values services in Ukraine, in particular, by increasing the requirements for the terms of issuing licenses to legal entities by the National Bank of Ukraine for the right to provide the banks with services of cash collection and also by strengthening the control over their activities;– to define a single educational institution with its extensive network of regional institutes, which, according to the program agreed by the National Bank, will be occupied with the professional training and education of the employees of cash collection and transportation of values subdivisions;– to provide centralized development of the methodological materials and a manual on the organization of cash collection and transportation of values;– to restore the employees of the National Bank of Ukraine which carry out the administrative and regulatory functions, in their status of public officials;– to initiate and to make appropriate changes to the normative legal documents that regulate the procedure of cash collection and transportation of currency values in Ukraine. ; Обґрунтовано необхідність удосконалення механізму державного регулювання ринку надання послуг з інкасації коштів та перевезень валютних цінностей в Україні, зокрема підвищення вимог до умов видачі Національним банком України юридичним особам ліцензії на надання банкам послуг з інкасації та посилення контролю за їх діяльністю. З метою невідкладного реагування на наявні і потенційні загрози національним інтересам, національній безпеці України, в умовах постійного зменшення кількості банківських установ в Україні, що мають власні підрозділи інкасації та перевезення цінностей, наявності ризиків зміни форми власності державних уповноважених банків, збереження державного впливу на ринок надання послуг з інкасації коштів і перевезень валютних цінностей в Україні та механізмів його регулювання, запропоновано трансформувати систему грошового обігу Національного банку України в частині створення альтернативної схеми готівкового обігу Національного банку України та здійснення перевезень валютних цінностей в системі Національного банку України винятково силами підрозділів перевезення цінностей Національного банку України. Порушено питання щодо відновлення статусу державних службовців окремим категоріям працівників Національного банку України та створення єдиного сертифікованого центру професійної підготовки та підвищення кваліфікації інкасаторів та водіїв.