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The article is devoted to considering the main rhetorical characteristics of the speech portrait of the participants of political-administrative network discourse, the texts analyzed include executive power representatives' tweets. Analyzing the peculiarities of their rhetoric, the author reveals the main features and defines the important characteristics of the speech portrait of the rhetor of network political-administrative communication, allowing them to effectively implement such important rhetorical functions as the audience impact and persuasion. The author determines the necessity of an interdisciplinary approach to the study of language and style of political and administrative communication in connection with politicization and mediatization of the information space and access of political and administrative activities to the public sphere. Analyzing the speech of representatives of the political administration the authors consider the manner of verbal generation of thought, connected, on the one hand, with clear pragmatic communicative intentions, and on the other hand, with conventional conditionality of online communication. The main properties of this style are identified, i.e. conciseness, brevity of form and conciseness of content, aimed at encouraging the Internet audience to response in more or less active forms. An essentially important opportunity for an official representative of administration of the highest level is revealed, that is to stay in the area of public accessibility as this allows them to be not only a representative of a government, but at the same time a representative of an audience, demonstrating the commonality of an ideological platform. The guiding principle of the rhetoric of political-administrative network media discourse is considered the law of harmonizing the dialogue, and the main categories of rhetorical effects are considered to be persuasion and dialogism. The main features of the speech portrait of the leading actor, the initiator of the communicative situation of political-administrative network media discourse, are identified, i.e. publicisticity, formality and conversationality, as well as credibility, exaplainability and expressivity, pathos, evaluativity, a combination of publicisticity, formality and conversationality, and a considerable amount of rhetorical figures of speech.

Nowadays, in transformation of the realm of political communication, a more important part is given to the so-called "new social media". Previously, political communication was seen as a process of production, dissemination and perception of political information for the purpose of achieving a consent regarding one or another political action. Additionally, communication appeared as a mechanism of one-way information exchange. Under new conditions, political communication becomes a tool of ensuring the process of preparation, making and implementing political decisions. In a modern understanding, an informational message is built by means of specific cooperation between communicants. In this regard, information sources appear as a specific base for state actions. This paper deals with old (traditional) and new social media and lists several characteristics that help distinguish these media. It also shows how authorities and representatives of political opposition can use social media to achieve their political purposes. This article analyses not only benefits but also drawbacks in the application of new information technologies in politics, considering a problem of manipulation as a main disadvantage. It also compares the use of social networks by authorities in Russia and abroad. Because of differences in political culture, social networks are not popular with Russian authorities. However, the number of social networking users among Russian politicians is increasing year by year. Moreover, the most popular network with them is Twitter. A conclusion can be drawn that new media play an important role in creating a system of rules of conduct on the Internet and in establishing a specific culture of electronic communication between representatives of authority and society.

The article uses a broad material to analyze the reaction of the "VKontakte" social network users to the crash of a Russian aircraft over the Sinai Peninsula on October 31, 2015, later recognized as a terrorist act. It presents the results of a study of the content of groups, different in thematic focus and geolocation. A conclusion is made about the dissemination of memorial information. The orientation of discussions and the specifics of trolling are revealed, using the example of particular communities. The process of interpreting the tragic event in social networks is complicated by the fact that the social subject needs to interpret the tragedy both from the standpoint of the objectivity of the presentation of the material presented and the way in which it is presented. The explorer-interpreter must have a sufficiently wide information experience in order to distinguish the objective moments of the tragedy from the subjective position of the author who compiled it. At the same time, the degree of adequacy of the interpretation will manifest itself in the process of the activity of the interpreting social subject. So, the Islamic state is a religious group with its artificially selected doctrine, in which faith takes the leading place. Religious installations of political scientists of Islamic State are based on the fact that the fighters of the Islamic State are approaching the coming end of the world. Technologies replace other forms of organization of work and activities, because when performing standard procedures, they guarantee the receipt of the planned result. © 2018 Transilvanian Association for the Literarure and Culture of Romanian People (ASTRA). All rights reserved.

The paper analyses the contextual semantics of the Russian zoonym "wolf" and its equivalents in English, Spanish, and Chechen languages and also studies the various set expressions and paremiological phrases with this component. In all languages, zoonyms contain some connotations in their lexical meaning that are the basis for creating a metaphorical nomination and determine a phrase-forming potential for animal nomination. The aim of the study is to reveal the particularities of language representation of the concept "wolf" in four not closely related languages by different connotative parameters by comparatively analysing the functioning of lexical items that verbalize this concept. The authors used the methods of contextual analysis, linguo-culturological interpretation, comparison, and collation. The numerous examples for the study have been taken from belles-lettres, contemporary publicist writing, folk fairytales, and songs as well as proverbs and sayings. The analysis permitted us to indicate nonequivalent and comparable nominations: there are metaphorical meanings with positive and negative connotations. The concept "wolf" evokes folk, historical, cultural, literary and political associations. The comparison and collocation of the zoonym "wolf" in the languages under investigation have given valuable information that allows creating the national and psychological portrait of a linguistic identity.