Suchergebnisse

This Element seeks to make sense of Southeast Asia's numerous armed conflicts. It makes four contributions. First, this study provides a typology, distinguishing between revolutionary, secessionist, and communal conflicts. The first two are types of insurgencies, while the latter are ethnic conflicts. Second, this study emphasizes the importance of ethnicity in shaping conflict dynamics. This is true even for revolutionary conflicts, which at first glance may appear unrelated to ethnicity. A third contribution relates to broad conflict trends. Revolutionary and secessionist conflicts feature broad historical arcs, with clear peaks and declines, while communal conflicts occur more sporadically. The fourth contribution ties these points together by focusing on conflict management. Just as ethnicity shapes conflicts, ethnic leaders and traditions can also promote peace. Cultural mechanisms are especially important for managing communal conflicts, the lone type not declining in Southeast Asia.

Abstract
Studies of coffee production and consumption are dominated by emphases on Latin American production and American consumption. This paper challenges the Atlantic perspective, demanding an equal emphasis on the Indian Ocean world of Eastern Africa, the Middle East, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. A geographical approach to historical as well as contemporary patterns of coffee production and consumption provides an opportunity to rethink the nature of coffee as a global commodity. The Indian Ocean world has a much deeper history of coffee, and in recent decades, has witnessed a resurgence in production. The nature of this production is distinct, providing an opportunity to rethink dependency theories. Coffee in the Indian Ocean world is more likely to be produced by smallholders, countries are less likely to be economically dependent on coffee, farmers are more likely to harvest polycultures, and countries represent both consumers and producers. A balanced emphasis of Atlantic and Indian Ocean worlds allows us to better understand coffee production and consumption, together telling a more balanced, global story of this important commodity.

Chapter 1.Introduction -- Chapter 2. Understanding Internal Migration -- Part I Stakeholders: The State, Migrants, and Hosts. Chapter 3. The Primacy of the State -- Chapter 4. The Many Levels of the State -- Chapter 5. Sympathy for the State: Coping with Internal Migration -- Chapter 6. Migrants in Train: State-Initiated and Managed Migrations -- Chapter 7. Unsponsored Migrants: The Enterprising -- Chapter 8. Unsponsored Migrants: The Expelled -- Chapter 9. Room to Let? Host Community Perspectives.-Part II. What Can Go Wrong. Chapter 10. Migratory Deprivations -- Chapter 11.Migratory Conflicts: Sons of the Soil.-Chapter 12. State Failures -- Part III. What to Do About It. Chapter 13. State Accountability: Theory, Evasion, and Potential Remedies -- Chapter 14. State Responses and Best Practices -- Chapter 15. Societal Responses -- Chapter 16. The International Community -- Chapter 17. Lessons in Governing Internal Migration.

Internal migration : challenges in governance & integration / Shane Joshua Barter and William Ascher -- Preventing and responding to sexual and gender-based violence in and around South Sudan's protection of civilian (POC) sites / Alicia Elaine Luedke -- How IDPs navigate the resettlement process in Bogotá, Colombia / Juan Esteban Zea -- Unsettled states : displacement, governance, and integration in the South Caucasus / Lee J.M. Seymour and Marek Brzezinski -- Competing mobilization of tribal and class identity : politics of internal migration in North India / Rumela Sen -- The political economy of special economic zones and internal displacement in India / Vineeta Yadav -- "Adopting migrants as brothers and sisters" : fictive kinship as a mechanism of conflict resolution and conflict prevention in Lampung, Indonesia / Isabelle Côté -- Displacement and reintegration in Aceh, Indonesia / Shane Joshua Barter -- Vexed returns : Vietnamese returnee interactions with home and state / Ivan V. Small.

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- About the contributors -- Acknowledgements -- Notes on spelling and names -- Glossary of key terms -- 1 An introduction to the Pacific Basin -- PART I Areas of the Pacific Basin -- 2 Oceania: An overview -- 3 Southeast Asia: Unity in diversity -- 4 East Asia: Convergence and divergence -- 5 The North American sphere of influence: From sea to shining sea -- 6 Latin America: A living and changing artifact -- PART II Themes across the Pacific Basin -- 7 The age of colonialism(s) -- 8 The Pacific War: Remembering and forgetting -- 9 Migration, immigration, and settlement within the Pacific Basin -- 10 Global cities, megacities, ordinary cities: Urbanization across the Pacific Basin -- 11 Economic development in the Pacific Basin since World War II -- 12 Understanding TPP's significance for the Pacific Basin -- 13 Boundary disputes in the Pacific Basin -- 14 Armed conflict across the Pacific: Patterns and possibilities -- 15 Environmental protection in the Pacific Basin -- 16 State building, disease, and public health -- 17 Rapid societal change and mental health vulnerabilities in the Pacific Basin -- 18 Trans-identity: Theory, politics, and identity across the Pacific Basin -- 19 Gender violence: Honor, shame, and the violation of bodies in Guatemala and India -- 20 The literature of exile -- 21 Documentary film and trauma in the Pacific Basin -- Index.

Challenging conventional wisdom, this article argues that Indonesia - long home to both large-scale transmigration programmes and a range of conflicts - has not witnessed transmigrant conflicts. The vast majority of Indonesian transmigrants were resettled in parts of Sumatra which have remained peaceful. In some conflicts, the role of transmigration has been exaggerated. In others, interethnic violence has involved spontaneous migrants rather than state-led transmigrants. We conclude with a discussion of two potential outliers, where violence has been directed towards transmigrants, but only those from disaster-affected regions who arrived en masse. This article argues for a more nuanced understanding of the distinctions between different forms of internal migration, some of which have the potential to spark future violence in recipient areas and communities. (J Southeast Asian Stud/GIGA)