Suchergebnisse

The main differences of labour markets in the Baltic States and the main factors influencing them in the context of Euro integration are analysed in this paper. The differences in different regions appear at the beginning of the European Union, but the last period of its development gave the most challenge for the new members as well as the whole European Union. The factors that influenced the changes in the labour markets can be grouped into two periods: influence of transformation processes till the integration into the EU and development of the integration processes of later years. Transformation and integration processes began simultaneously and they have been carried on for different purposes through different political conditions and means. The results and development of these processes determined initial Euro integration conditions and different development of labour markets in the EU countries. The Baltic States have a few similar features: they all have the similar territorial area, all three states are post soviet countries and their economic development was determined by the similar factors, but they have differences in the changes of their labour market structures. The differences of economic development between new members and the other EU countries are obvious. Gross Domestic Product in some regions differs more than eight times and unemployment rates – even seven times. Though the Baltic States are often presented as one homogeneous group, the transformation and integration processes determined the different effects in their labour markets. To reduce these social and economic differences in these regions and to stimulate the equal EU development – it is one of the political purposes in the EU countries, so the presumptions influencing the differences of labour markets in homogeneous group of the countries are analysed in this paper.

Recently population employment and unemployment issues have become especially urgent. Developing Lithuanian work market is at the junction of two processes. On the one hand there occurred the processes conditioned by economy transfer from the planned system to the market system which led to the structural changes of separate economy branches, diffusion of technical and technological advance, change of production scale and range, competition in domestic and foreign markets, etc. On the other hand the integration into the international economic system has come to the fire. These developments have caused quality and quantity parameter changes in complex work resources, the latter determining the causes of irregular population. New ways of the solution of these problems have been presented by the integration into the European Union promoting the possibility to use the experience of other countries in modelling the development adequate to the country's social and economic growth. Consequently it is purposeful to improve models of population employment estimation, which would let to identify factors determining changing differences in the work market.

The article deals with the causes of method choice looking for work, which are determined by the unemployed behaviour in the labour market. Though a big attention is paid to the unemployed behaviour in the scientific literature, conclusion validity is missed. Applying cluster analysis, we can show relative links among analysing rates. The unused employment opportunities are attributed to the phenomenon of long-term unemployment, the reasons being mainly of a social nature. Based on the results of the analysis carried out in the work, it was defined that the tendency of uneven development of regions is growing, which makes presumptions to look for the reasons and to get rid of them, submitting suggestions to the state policies of regional development, in order to decrease the disproportions in all economic and social activities, and seeking a rational employment of the population. To reach the aim, an empiric analysis of the reasons of unemployment and the motivation of the unemployed are used. The motivation of the analysis in the paper was defined by the research of the country's employment and unemployment, as well as the analysis of the EU experience. The analysis of the EU countries' employment and unemployment demonstrated that the problem of the unemployment is also urgent in the Western countries. Having evaluated the fact that the EU countries have a longterm experience fighting unemployment, it is possible to state that long-term unemployment, as a reserve of unused opportunities, is a constant satellite of the developed countries. According to the data of Lithuanian Labour Market, in the period between 2003 and 2004 the number of the long-term unemployed grew up from 48 to 51.2 %. The tendencies of long-term growth of the country's unemployment, finding expression in the uneven index growth in the regions, preconditioned the aim of the research: • to clarify the reasons of unsuccessful search of employment; • to evaluate the work motivation of the unemployed. • to base the presumptions of work search ...

The paper deals with the use of scientific and technological potential in Lithuania under conditions of global economy. Aft er acknowledging that the need for innovations and scientific knowledge for the economic development becomes more and more relevant and the efficient sciencebusiness cooperation is necessary when solving relevant economic development and technology progress problems on the global scale the results of the research on science and technology development, funding, human resources and innovation development in Lithuania as well as in the EU-27 are present ed in the article. Though currently a lot of research works dealing with the problems of the scientific and technological pot ent ial use appear some questions have not been analysed properly. In scientific literature there is no common opinion about the definit ion of the scientific and technological potential and the factors having the biggest influence on the scientific and technological pot ent ial development have not been identified, estimated and analysed properly. The results of the research have shown that the science and technology development in Lithuania depends on the close cooperation between business and public sector; however Lithuania remains behind the others in context of the European Union countries. It is stated that not all possibilities to improve the count ry's competitive ability under condit ions of global economy have been currently used.

The paper deals with the use of scientific and technological potential in Lithuania under conditions of global economy. Aft er acknowledging that the need for innovations and scientific knowledge for the economic development becomes more and more relevant and the efficient sciencebusiness cooperation is necessary when solving relevant economic development and technology progress problems on the global scale the results of the research on science and technology development, funding, human resources and innovation development in Lithuania as well as in the EU-27 are present ed in the article. Though currently a lot of research works dealing with the problems of the scientific and technological pot ent ial use appear some questions have not been analysed properly. In scientific literature there is no common opinion about the definit ion of the scientific and technological potential and the factors having the biggest influence on the scientific and technological pot ent ial development have not been identified, estimated and analysed properly. The results of the research have shown that the science and technology development in Lithuania depends on the close cooperation between business and public sector; however Lithuania remains behind the others in context of the European Union countries. It is stated that not all possibilities to improve the count ry's competitive ability under condit ions of global economy have been currently used.

Migration is a demographic, social, and psychological phenomen on very important for developed countries where international movement of population has a stronger influence on the country's demographic characteristics and economic indicators dependent on them. Migration processes started to receive more attention in the second half of the nineteenth century. After Lithuania regained its independence, migration processes became a hot topic and remain ed such to the present day. Much changed since 1990's. After regain ing independence and join ing the European Union in 2004, Lithuania started to see the phenomen on of massive emigration. Although rapidly growing migration is one of the features of a modern society, it can have negative effects, especially if the country is small and economically fragile. During twenty years of independence Lithuania lost about half a million inhabitants because of international migration. Migration theories state that migration is influenced by many economic, social, political, cultural, and psychological factors. Migration not only depends on different factors, but also is influenced by vary­ing economic and social conditions. This research report focuses on migration process changes in Lithuania during the period of 2003-2008 identifying the major labour market indicators in Lithuania, which have been strongly affected by international migration. [.]

Migration is a demographic, social, and psychological phenomen on very important for developed countries where international movement of population has a stronger influence on the country's demographic characteristics and economic indicators dependent on them. Migration processes started to receive more attention in the second half of the nineteenth century. After Lithuania regained its independence, migration processes became a hot topic and remain ed such to the present day. Much changed since 1990's. After regain ing independence and join ing the European Union in 2004, Lithuania started to see the phenomen on of massive emigration. Although rapidly growing migration is one of the features of a modern society, it can have negative effects, especially if the country is small and economically fragile. During twenty years of independence Lithuania lost about half a million inhabitants because of international migration. Migration theories state that migration is influenced by many economic, social, political, cultural, and psychological factors. Migration not only depends on different factors, but also is influenced by vary­ing economic and social conditions. This research report focuses on migration process changes in Lithuania during the period of 2003-2008 identifying the major labour market indicators in Lithuania, which have been strongly affected by international migration. [.]