Suchergebnisse

The cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) trammel net fishery is one of the most important small-scale fisheries in the Mediterranean Sea. Here we describe the main catch, by-catch and discard patterns found in this fishery on Mallorca Island by onboard surveys of 1005 netting walls from 23 fishing trips. The number of items captured, their size and their subsequent use, i.e. kept for sale or discarded, were recorded. Furthermore, the immediate survival of the unwanted items (i.e. vitality state when the gear came on board) and the medium-term survival of a subsample were assessed. The cuttlefish was the dominant species in the commercial fraction of the catch, particularly during the fishing season peak (March). However, S. officinalis catches quickly decreased further into the season, with other high-value fish, such as Scorpaena scrofa, increasing in the commercial fraction of the catch. As species composition is continuously changing, it is often difficult to determine the main target species of this fishery. This strategy possibly complicates management but maximizes fishing revenue, which was an average of €175 per trip. With respect to discards, up to 104 different species were caught but not commercialized. The most abundant were Holothuria sp. and Torpedo marmorata. Their immediate survival was 100% and 20%, respectively. In both cases, the medium-term survival and the vitality status were high after seven days in monitored captivity. Therefore, in these cases, their immediate release to the sea should be promoted, given that they are exempt from the EU landing obligation. Interviews with fishers revealed that the perceived quantity of discards was lower than the amount recorded by the present study. Currently, just a small percentage (1.5%) of these discards will be affected by the landing obligation enforced by the new European discards ban. ; La pesquería de sepia (Sepia officinalis) con trasmallo es una de las pesquerías artesanales más importantes en el Mediterráneo. En este estudio describimos los principales patrones representados por esta pesquería en la isla de Mallorca a través de la inspección a bordo de 1005 paneles de red durante 23 jornadas de pesca. Se registró la cantidad de individuos capturados, su tamaño y su uso posterior, es decir, si se guardaron para su venta o se descartaron. Además, se evaluó la supervivencia inmediata (es decir, el estado de vitalidad cuando la red llegó a bordo) de los individuos no deseados y la supervivencia a medio plazo de una submuestra. La sepia fue la especie dominante en la fracción comercial de la captura, principalmente durante el pico de la temporada de pesca (marzo). Sin embargo, las capturas de S. officinalis disminuyeron rápidamente a lo largo de la temporada, mientras que otros peces de alto valor, como Scorpaena scrofa, aumentaron sus capturas. Como la composición de las especies cambia continuamente, a menudo es difícil discriminar las principales especies objetivo de esta pesquería. Esta estrategia posiblemente complica la gestión, pero maximiza los ingresos de los pescadores, que en promedio fueron de 175 Euros por jornada de pesca. En lo que respecta a los descartes, se capturaron 104 especies diferentes. Las más abundantes fueron Holothuria sp. y Torpedo marmorata. Su supervivencia inmediata fue del 100% y 20%, respectivamente. En ambos casos, la supervivencia a medio plazo y el estado de vitalidad fueron altos después de 7 días en cautividad. Por lo tanto, en estos casos, se debía promover la liberación inmediata al mar, dado que estas especies están exentas de la obligación de desembarque de la UE. Las entrevistas a los pescadores revelaron que la cantidad percibida de descartes fue menor que las cantidades registradas en el presente estudio. Realmente, solo un pequeño porcentaje (1.5%) de estos descartes se verá afectado por la obligación de desembarque impuesta por la nueva prohibición de descartes en Europa.

The cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) trammel net fishery is one of the most important small-scale fisheries in the Mediterranean Sea. Here we describe the main catch, by-catch and discard patterns found in this fishery on Mallorca Island by onboard surveys of 1005 netting walls from 23 fishing trips. The number of items captured, their size and their subsequent use, i.e. kept for sale or discarded, were recorded. Furthermore, the immediate survival of the unwanted items (i.e. vitality state when the gear came on board) and the medium-term survival of a subsample were assessed. The cuttlefish was the dominant species in the commercial fraction of the catch, particularly during the fishing season peak (March). However, S. officinalis catches quickly decreased further into the season, with other high-value fish, such as Scorpaena scrofa, increasing in the commercial fraction of the catch. As species composition is continuously changing, it is often difficult to determine the main target species of this fishery. This strategy possibly complicates management but maximizes fishing revenue, which was an average of €175 per trip. With respect to discards, up to 104 different species were caught but not commercialized. The most abundant were Holothuria sp. and Torpedo marmorata. Their immediate survival was 100% and 20%, respectively. In both cases, the medium-term survival and the vitality status were high after seven days in monitored captivity. Therefore, in these cases, their immediate release to the sea should be promoted, given that they are exempt from the EU landing obligation. Interviews with fishers revealed that the perceived quantity of discards was lower than the amount recorded by the present study. Currently, just a small percentage (1.5%) of these discards will be affected by the landing obligation enforced by the new European discards ban. ; This study is a result of the Associated Unit LIMIA-IMEDEA. It received funding from the European Commission's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No. 634495 for the Science, Technology, and Society Initiative to Minimize Unwanted Catches in European Fisheries (MINOUW). G. Catanese was supported by a postdoctoral research contract from INIA-CCAA. H. Hinz was supported by a Ramón y Cajal Fellowship (grant funded by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España and the Conselleria d'Educació, Cultura i Universitats de la Comunidad Autónoma de las Islas Baleares). ; Peer reviewed

20 Pág. ; A mass mortality event (MME) affecting the fan mussel Pinna nobilis was first detected in Spain in autumn 2016 and spread north- and eastward through the Mediterranean Sea. Various pathogens have been blamed for contributing to the MME, with emphasis in Haplosporidium pinnae, Mycobacterium sp. and Vibrio spp. In this study, samples from 762 fan mussels (necropsies from 263 individuals, mantle biopsies from 499) of various health conditions, with wide geographic and age range, taken before and during the MME spread from various environments along Mediterranean Sea, were used to assess the role of pathogens in the MME. The number of samples processed by both histological and molecular methods was 83. The most important factor playing a main role on the onset of the mass mortality of P. nobilis throughout the Mediterranean Sea was the infection by H. pinnae. It was the only non-detected pathogen before the MME while, during MME spreading, its prevalence was higher in sick and dead individuals than in asymptomatic ones, in MME-affected areas than in non-affected sites, and it was not associated with host size, infecting both juveniles and adults. Conversely, infection with mycobacteria was independent from the period (before or during MME), from the affection of the area by MME and from the host health condition, and it was associated with host size. Gram (-) bacteria neither appeared associated with MME. ; This work was funded by: DG Pesca i Medi Mari (GOIB),EsMarEs (order IEO by MITECO, Spanish government), Life UFE IP-PAF INTEMARES (LIFE15 IPE ES 012) "Gestión integrada, innovadora y participativa de la Red Natura 2000 en el medio marino español," the research project "Estado de conservación del bivalvo amenazado Pinna nobilis en el PNAC" (OAPN 024/2010), the project RECONNECT (MIS 5017160) of the Programme Interreg V-B "Balkan-Mediterranean 2014–2020." MTES (French Government), DREAL (Direction Régionale Environnement Aménagement Logement) and Région Occitanie (France) for funding research and ...