Suchergebnisse

In the article causes and consequences of work migration of population of Ukraine are considered. These days we can find more and more people in Ukraine living their country and moving abroad for the rest of their life, for a long or for a short period of time. This way people see the only way to solve their vital problems. The increasing number of willing people to go abroad is also connected with the political situation of our country, with the political movements that try to find new support and resources with the help of mass media which previously had idealized the life abroad but now criticizes it. Also mass media does not have much information about life in the West because there are not many direct contacts with the people who live there. However, the work migration of working class often causes negative outward effects which take forms of costs that are difficult and even sometimes impossible to value in money. ; В статье рассмотрены причины и последствия трудовой миграции населения Украины. В последнее время все больше граждан Украины выезжает за границу на постоянное, длительное или временное проживание, видя в этом надежный путь решения многих жизненных проблем. Увеличение числа желающих выехать за рубеж связано также с поиском нових идеалов, с содержанием материалов средств массовой информации, в которых идеализация всего заграничного с недавних пор заменила его резкую критику, а также через все еще небольшое число непосредственных контактов, информацией действительных обстоятельствах жизни на Западе. Однако трудовая миграция рабочей силы нередко порождает негативные внешние эффекты, которые принимают форму расходов, которіе трудно поддаются стоимостной оценке. ; У статті розглянуто причини і наслідки трудової міграції населення України. Останнім часом все більше громадян України їдуть за кордон на постійне, тривале або тимчасове проживання, вбачаючи в цьому надійний шлях вирішення багатьох життєвих проблем. Збільшення числа бажаючих виїхати пов'язане також з пошуком нових ідеалів, із вмістом матеріалів засобів масової інформації, в яких ідеалізація всього закордонного віднедавна замінила його різку критику, а також через все ще невелику кількість безпосередніх контактів, інформацією дійсних обставин життя на Заході. Однак трудова міграція робочої сили нерідко породжує негативні зовнішні ефекти, які приймають форму витрат, що важко піддаються вартісній оцінці.

The article presents the results of a questionnaire survey of the Southern Ukraine (Odessa, Mykolaiv, Kherson) regional centers' residents — concerning self-esteem of their families welfare standards, their prospects about its improvement, and possible search for a better fate abroad. This research was carried out within the research project "Effective functioning and development of the regional socio-cultural environment in the context of decentralization as a pledge of Ukraine national security" (scientific project manager — Head of SociologySociological Cathedra of Petro Mohyla National University Iryna Meizys, timeframes for project implementation — 2017–2019). The survey revealed that a significant proportion of respondents assess their families' economic status and financial capabilities as critical, pointing to the limited ability or inability to sufficiently meet those needs that exceed current running costs. The results of the survey make it possible to evaluate the material status of regional centers residents (in a bigger or lesser extent) in the terminology of the scientific discourse of poverty by means of the categories "subjective poverty", "relative poverty" and "deprivation" (restriction or complete deprivation). Moreover, for the most part, our respondents do not see any prospects for improving the economic situation in Ukraine in the near future: they don't have confidence in the future, and therefore have a rather low estimate of the prospects for improving their own economic situation. The poll also showed the widespread emigration of the Southern Ukraine residents: more than half of respondents said that they were thinking about moving to a permanent place of residence in the "Western world", that is associated in the mass consciousness of modern Ukrainians with wealth, high standards of pay, stability and prospects. In all cities of southern Ukraine, respondents' emigration / intentions still exceed the 50 percent limit. The results of the survey should also be used as indicators of social security for the functioning of the regional society. This is particularly relevant given the geopolitical challenges and threats that Ukraine is currently facing, including the Black Sea region, which is a region of strategic importance for Ukraine.