Suchergebnisse

We investigate the effect of ethnic pluralism on mediation in interstate and internationalized civil crises from 1945 to 2010. We find that mediation succeeds when two conditions are met. First, success is more likely when there are fewer disenfranchised ethnic groups in the disputant population, because these groups are usually excluded from peace talks and often use violence to challenge peace. Second, mediators are more likely to succeed when politically included disputants, usually present at peace talks, comprise various different ethnic groups. Because such groups, numerous as they are, pull and tug for dominance at peace negotiations, they are unable to form decisive coalitions. As a result, third parties have a chance to serve in a more authoritative role and influence a settlement.

We investigate the effect of ethnic pluralism on mediation in interstate and internationalized civil crises from 1945 to 2010. We find that mediation succeeds when two conditions are met. First, success is more likely when there are fewer disenfranchised ethnic groups in the disputant population, because these groups are usually excluded from peace talks and often use violence to challenge peace. Second, mediators are more likely to succeed when politically included disputants, usually present at peace talks, comprise various different ethnic groups. Because such groups, numerous as they are, pull and tug for dominance at peace negotiations, they are unable to form decisive coalitions. As a result, third parties have a chance to serve in a more authoritative role and influence a settlement.

Introduction: sustainable development and Sub-Saharan Africa /Jennifer De Maio, Suzanne Scheld and Mintesnot Woldeamanuel --Part I: History and regional context for sustainability discourse in Sub-Saharan Africa --The history of sustainable development and the emerging African voice /Suzanne Scheld and Mintesnot Woldeamanuel --Ethical dilemmas in international relief & development work /Blaine D. Pope --War, environmental crisis, and "mining terrorism" in the Congo : prolegomenon for an African philosophy of sustainability /Mutombo Nkulu-N'Sengha --Good governance and sustainable development challenges and opportunities in Zimbabwe /Chipo Dendere --Part II. Climate action and institutional partnership --In the hot seat: the impact of vulnerability to climate change on environmental attitudes among Africans /Jennifer De Maio and Kristy Michaud --Financing sustainable development? How international tax reform is failing Africa /Brian Dill and Heba Khalil --Part III. Sustainable cities and communities --Bridging the health divide: the case of Holy Innocents Children Hospital Mbarara, Uganda /Florence Kyomugisha --Sustainable path to African urban development: the case of the transportation sector /Mintesnot Woldeamanuel --Expectations of public space: attachments, environmental responsibility, and urban sustainability in Dakar, Senegal /Suzanne Scheld --Conclusion: theoretical paradigms and continuing challenges /Jennifer L. De Maio, Suzanne Scheld and Mintesnot Woldeamanuel.