Suchergebnisse

Edward Slingerland: Drunk - How We Sipped, Danced, and Stumbled Our Way to Civilization. New York: Little, Brown Spark 2021. 978-0316453387

AbstractUsing Qualitative Comparative Analysis, this article presents a systematic comparison of differences in the institutional success of sociology in 25 European countries during the academic expansion from 1945 until the late 1960s. Combining context-sensitive national histories of sociology, concept formation, and formal analyses of necessary and sufficient conditions, the article searches for historical explanations for both successful and inhibited processes of the institutionalization of sociology. Concretely, it assesses the interplay of political regime types, the continuous presence of sociological prewar traditions, political Catholicism, and the effects of sociological communities in neighboring countries and how their various combinations are related to more or less well-established sociologies. The results can help explain adversary effects under democratic conditions as well as supportive factors under nondemocratic conditions.

Izabela Wagner: Bauman: A Biography. Cambridge/Oxford/Boston: Polity Press 2020. 978-1-509-52686-4

Das "deutsche Problem" in der Rumänischen Kommunistischen Partei, 1944-1949 aus diskursanalytischer Perspektive Nach dem Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs hatten die deutschsprachigen Gruppen in Rumänien unter schweren Diskriminierungen durch die kommunistisch kontrollierte Staatsgewalt zu leiden. Während sich diese Maßnahmen offiziell gegen ehemalige Nazi-Kollaborateure richteten, stellten sie tatsächlich eine rein auf der ethnischen Zugehörigkeit zur deutschen Volksgruppe begründete kollektive Bestrafung dar, die gegen die internationalistische Doktrin der kommunistischen Politik verstoßen hat. In zwei historischen Kapiteln wird die geistige Verfassung sowohl der deutschsprachigen Gruppen in Rumänien als auch der Rumänischen Kommunistischen Partei erörtert, bevor anschließend eine fundierte Interpretation des "deutschen Problems" während der Herstellung der kommunistischen Herrschaft geleistet wird. Es zeigt sich, dass die bisher vorherrschende Interpretation von einem weitgehend affektgesteuerten Rachereflex der Kommunisten gegen die deutsche Minderheit einer Erweiterung bedarf. Die Deutschen repräsentierten für das kommunistische Gesellschaftsprojekt das "signifikante Andere", was anhand von vier Unvereinbarkeitsdimensionen dargestellt wird (die geopolitische, die sozialstrukturelle, die kulturelle und die kognitive). Aus dieser Sicht erhält die Suspendierung der internationalistischen Prinzipien im Hinblick auf die deutsche Minderheit eine sinnstiftende Funktion. Indem sämtliche Schuld für den Faschismus auf die Deutschen geladen wurde, konnte auf dieser Grundlage die Absolution der restlichen rumänischen Gesellschaft erfolgen, während gleichzeitig die Bedingungen der neuen gesellschaftlichen Ordnung verdeutlicht wurden. Der Nutzen der antideutschen Maßnahmen entfiel in dem Moment, als die RKP ihren alleinigen Machtanspruch durchsetzen konnte, woraufhin die Integration der Deutschen in die rumänische sozialistische Gesellschaft begann. Matthias Duller ; The ?German Problem? within the Romanian Communist Party, 1944-1949 A Discourse Analysis After the end of the Second World War, the ethnic Germans of Romania suffered severe discriminations by the communist controlled state authority. While these measures were officially directed against former Nazi-collaborators, they actually represented a collective punishment based exclusively on the German ethnic affiliation, which violated the internationalist doctrine of the communist policy. In two historical chapters, the mental constitution of the ethnic German communities and of the Romanian Communist Party is being explored, before I proceed to a profound interpretation of the ?German problem? during the establishment of the Communist regimen. It is shown, that the hitherto prevalent interpretation of an affective reflex of vengeance of the Communists against the ethnic Germans requires an important broadening. The ethnic Germans represented the ?significant other? to the communist experiment, which is displayed by four dimensions of incompatibility (a geopolitical, a socio-structural, a cultural and a cognitive). From this perspective the suspension of the internationalist principles with respect to the German minority, gains a meaningful function. By burdening the ethnic Germans with the entire guilt for the fascist past, the absolution of the rest of the Romanian society could have been performed, while at the same time the conditions of the new social order could have been elucidated. The utility of the anti-German measures disappeared at the moment, when the RCP established their sole power, after which the integration of the ethnic Germans into the Romanian socialist society began. Matthias Duller ; von Matthias Duller ; Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers ; Zsfassung in engl. Sprache ; Graz, Univ., Masterarb., 2011 ; (VLID)215927

This book presents an analysis of the institutional development of selected social science and humanities (SSH) disciplines in Argentina, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Where most narratives of a scholarly past are presented as a succession of 'ideas, ' research results and theories, this collection highlights the structural shifts in the systems of higher education, as well as institutions of research and innovation (beyond the universities) within which these disciplines have developed. This institutional perspective will facilitate systematic comparisons between developments in various disciplines and countries. Across eight country studies the book reveals remarkably different dynamics of disciplinary growth between countries, as well as important interdisciplinary differences within countries. In addition, instances of institutional contractions and downturns and veritable breaks of continuity under authoritarian political regimes can be observed, which are almost totally absent from narratives of individual disciplinary histories. This important work will provide a valuable resource to scholars of disciplinary history, the history of ideas, the sociology of education and of scientific knowledge.--