Suchergebnisse

Geometric data analysis -- Correspondence analysis -- Multiple correspondence analysis -- Passive and supplementary points, supplementary variables and structured data analysis -- MCA and ascending hierarchical cluster analysis -- Constructing spaces -- Analyzing sub-groups. Class specific MCA

Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) is a statistical technique that first and foremost has become known through the work of the late Pierre Bourdieu (1930?2002) This book will introduce readers to the fundamental properties, procedures and rules of interpretation of the most commonly used forms of correspondence analysis. The book is written as a non-technical introduction, intended for the advanced undergraduate level and onwards. MCA represents and models data sets as clouds of points in a multidimensional Euclidean space. The interpretation of the data is based on these clouds of points. In seven chapters, this non-technical book will provide the reader with a comprehensive introduction and the needed knowledge to do analyses on his/her own: CA, MCA, specific MCA, the integration of MCA and variance analysis, of MCA and ascending hierarchical cluster analysis and class-specific MCA on subgroups. Special attention will be given to the construction of social spaces, to the construction of typologies and to group internal oppositions. This is a book on data analysis for the social sciences rather than a book on statistics. The main emphasis is on how to apply MCA to the analysis of practical research questions. It does not require a solid understanding of statistics and/or mathematics, and provides the reader with the needed knowledge to do analyses on his/her own.

Maktutgreiingar har vore noko av eit sær-skandinavisk fenomen, med eigneutgreiingar i både Noreg (1972-82 og 1997-2003), Sverige (1985-1990) ogDanmark (1997-2003).1I alle desse prosjekta har koplinga mellom makt ogdemokrati stått sentralt. Korleis er vilkåra for demokratiet? På kva måtar vertdemokratiet og demokratisk deltaking utfordra av t.d. asymmetriske maktrelasjonar, institusjonelle endringar, ny teknologi og globalisering? Kva er tilstanden for demokratiet i dag? Hovudfokuset i alle desse utgreiingane kanderfor seiast å ha vore på vilkåra for utøvinga av politisk makt.

AbstractDespite calls for bridging the gap between the sociology of social class and the sociology of elites, there are few examples where this actually has been done. This article seeks to do so by applying approachesand statistical techniques commonly used in studies of social mobility in an analysis of circulation mobility in elite formations. Based on register data on the whole Norwegian population born 1955-1975, we analyze the educational and professional intergenerational mobility among "the successful inheritors". In this way, and by focusing on mobility barriers and trajectories, we seek to uncover patterns of stability and change in family dynastic relations, i.e. relations that primarily are based on inheritedforms of capital. These patterns can also reveal what forms of intergenerational capital conversion have been the most common,and therefore also the most acceptable, in the upper and upper middle classes in postwar Norway, and what conversions have been less common. The results indicate that even in the supposedly egalitarian Norwegian elites, some inheritors prove to be "more equal than others".Keywords: Elite. Intergerational capital conversion. Mobility. Circulation an the top.CIRCULAÇÃO NO TOPO: ELITES, MOBILIDADE SOCIAL E CONVERSÃO INTERGERACIONAL DE CAPITALResumoApesar dos apelos para suprir a lacuna entre a sociologia das classes sociais e a sociologia das elites, há poucos exemplos em que issotenha sido feito. Este artigo busca fazer isso aplicando abordagens e técnicas estatísticas comumente utilizadas em estudos de mobilidadesocial em nas análise da mobilidade de circulação em formações de elite. Com base em dados de registro de toda a população norueguesa nascida entre 1955 e 1975, analisamos a mobilidade educacional e profissionalintergeracional entre "os herdeiros bem-sucedidos". Desta forma, e focalizando as barreiras e as trajetórias de mobilidade, buscamos descobrir os padrões de estabilidade e de mudança nas relações dinásticas familiares, ou seja, relações que se baseiam principalmente em formas hereditárias de capital. Além disso, esses padrões podemrevelar quais formas de conversão intergeracional de capital têm sido as mais comuns e, portanto, também, as mais aceitáveis nas classes média-alta e na classe alta da Noruega do pós-guerra, e quais conversões têmsido menos comuns. Os resultados indicam que, mesmo nas elites norueguesas supostamente igualitárias, alguns herdeiros provamser "mais iguais do que outros".Palavras-chave: Elites. Conversão intergeracional de capital. Mobilidade. Circulação no topo.

Cet article traite de la contribution de la théorie des champs de Pierre Bourdieu à des études comparatives du champ du pouvoir dans différents pays. En retenant, comme cas empirique, l'exemple de la Norvège, il traite des difficultés méthodologiques que comporte la mise en évidence des structures de l'espace social et du champ du pouvoir. Ensuite, il insiste sur la différence essentielle, mais souvent négligée, entre généralisation empirique et généralisation théorique. L'apport principal de l'exploitation, à l'aide de l'analyse géométrique des données, de l'édition 2000-2001 de la Norway Leadership Survey est de montrer qu'il existe en Norvège une dynastie politique dont les membres circulent régulièrement entre les secteurs et les positions les plus élevés de la société norvégienne, ainsi qu'une opposition structurale entre « héritiers » et « outsiders ». Ces résultats n'illustrent pas seulement la validité du cadre d'analyse proposé par Bourdieu pour étudier d'autres cas nationaux que la France ; ils montrent aussi que son approche peut renouveler l'étude des processus du changement social dans d'autres sociétés que la France.

In this article we analyse class cultures by mapping out differences in 'original taste'; that is, respondents' classed preferences for food and drink. By employing Multiple Correspondence Analysis, we produce a relational model of tastes. Using three indicators of social class – occupational class, income and education – we find clear class divisions. The upper and middle classes exhibit diverse and what are typically regarded as 'healthy' tastes; this contrasts with the more restricted and what are typically regarded as 'less healthy' tastes found among the working classes. Our findings challenge ongoing debates within cultural stratification research where it has become almost usual to demonstrate that the contemporary upper and middle classes exhibit playful tastes for the 'cosmopolitan' and the 'exotic'. We find that upper- and middle-class households also enjoy very traditional foodstuffs. We argue that this illustrates a need for a relational understanding of taste: even the consumption of the traditional peasant food of pre-capitalist Norway can be refashioned as a badge of distinction in the 21st century.

"Drawing inspiration from Pierre Bourdieu's social space theory, the book provides an unprecedent overview of class relations, covering topics such as class polarisation, cultural reproduction, political orientations and globalisation. The book applies Bourdieusian social space approach to show how class boundaries have been maintained or transformed in different European countries. It proposes a renewal of the analysis of distances, divides, and relations of domination between social classes, documenting objective and symbolic boundaries that form the basis of individuals' living and working conditions in eleven European countries. Focusing on transformations of wealth inequalities, education strategies and European labour markets, the book examines the role of cultural, economic and social capital. It will be of interest to students and scholars across the social sciences, in particular to those studying social and wealth inequalities in a comparative perspective and Master's students in European studies"--