Suchergebnisse

"The Politics of Controlling Immigration" published on by Oxford University Press.

The Tower Center for Political Studies at SMU maintains an office in the Centennial Center
allowing us to link research activities of Tower Center faculty, fellows, and associates in
Dallas (the heartland) with scholars, institutes, and think tanks in Washington and around
the world. The Tower Center supports research and teaching in three areas: (1) international
and comparative political economy, including trade, migration, and finance; (2) foreign
policy, national security, and defense; and (3) American political development with an
emphasis on policy, institutions, and process. Seyom Brown, Tower Chair in National Security
and Director of Studies in the Tower Center, runs the national security program. Brown is
conducting research for his two current book projects—an updated edition of The
Faces of Power (Columbia University Press) and a new book entitled The
Higher Realism (Paradigm Publishers), which advocates a shift in foreign policy
after the 2008 election. Dennis Ippolito, McElvaney Professor of Political Science at SMU,
leads the Tower Center program on American politics. His recent publications include
Why Budgets Matter (Penn State) and he is working on a book entitled
Welfare Shift, examining the past growth and projected future of federal
social welfare programs and the federal budget.

Since 1945, immigration in the core industrial democracies has been increasing. The rise in immigration is a function of market forces (demand-pull and supply-push) and kinship networks, which reduce the transaction costs of moving from one society to another. These economic and sociological forces are the necessary conditions for migration to occur, but the sufficient conditions are legal and political. States must be willing to accept immigration and to grant rights to outsiders. How then do states regulate migration in the face of economic forces that push them toward greater openness, while security concerns and powerful political forces push them toward closure? States are trapped in a "liberal" paradox – in order to maintain a competitive advantage, governments must keep their economies and societies open to trade, investment, and migration. But unlike goods, capital, and services, the movement of people involves greater political risks. In both Europe and North America, rights are the key to regulating migration as states strive to fulfill three key functions: maintaining security; building trade and investment regimes; and regulating migration. The garrison state was linked with the trading state in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The twentieth and twenty-first centuries have seen the emergence of the migration state, where regulation of international migration is as important as providing for the security of the state and the economic well being of the citizenry.

Myron Weiner, ed., Migration and Refugees: Politics and Policies in the United States and Germany (Providence: Berghahn Books, 1997-1998)Volume 1: Klaus J. Bade and Myron Weiner, eds., Migration Past, Migration Future: Germany and the United StatesVolume 2: Rainer Münz and Myron Weiner, eds., Migrants, Refugees, and Foreign Policy: U.S. and German Policies Toward Countries of OriginVolume 3: Kay Hailbronner, David A. Martin, and Hiroshi Motomura, eds., Immigration Admissions: The Search for Workable Policies in Germany and the United StatesVolume 4: Kay Hailbronner, David A. Martin, and Hiroshi Motomura, eds., Immigration Controls: The Search for Workable Policies in Germany and the United StatesVolume 5: Peter Schuck and Rainer Münz, eds., Paths to Inclusion: The Integration of Migrants in the United States and Germany

Der Autor untersucht, wie sich gegenwärtig Einwanderungspolitik und Haltung zur Einwanderung darstellen - einerseits in Frankreich, andererseits in den USA. Dabei geht er von der historischen Entwicklung aus: Die USA, die als Einwanderungsland entstanden sind, verstehen sich auch heute so. Dagegen artikuliert sich zwar zunehmend Widerstand, allerdings bislang ohne tiefgreifende Veränderungen der liberalen Positionen. Frankreich, das seit der Revolution von 1789 Einwanderer liberal bei sich aufnahm und integrierte, erlebte nach dem 2. Weltkrieg und dem Zerfall der Kolonialreiche einen Wechsel der Einwandererströme: anstelle der ehemals europäisch-christlichen Einwanderer kamen nun vor allem maghrebinisch-islamische. Im Kontext mit drastisch veränderten sozialen Bedingungen verschärfen sich dort die Angriffe, die die traditionelle liberale Haltung in Frage stellen. Der Autor zieht bei Betrachtung der unterschiedlichen Entwicklungen wiederholt die historische und aktuelle Situation in Deutschland heran. (prh)

"This essay treats three major themes or questions that have emerged in the study of the politics of international migration. The first major theme revolves around the question of control, that is the role of the nation-state in establishing rules of entry and exit. To what extent can states control their borders? What are the factors that define the capacity and limits of control? These questions will lead us directly to the second major theme of the essay which is the impact of migration an international relations. How does migration affect the sovereignty and autonomy of the nation-state? What are the possibilities for controlling or managing migration at the international, as opposed to the domestic, level? What is the relationship between migration, national security, and foreign policy. And why do states "risk migration?" The third theme to be explored is intricately related to the first two. It revolves around the issue of incorporation, specifically the impact of immigration on citizenship, the social contract, and the polity itself. How do emigration and immigration affect the political behavior of individuals, natives as well as migrants? What role does the state play in incorporating immigrants into society and the economy? And what is the relationship between social and political citizenship? These questions lead inevitably to discussions of national identity, citizenship, and rights, which are at the heart of the way in which every polity defines itself. The final section of the essay will link these three themes (control, sovereignty and incorporation) together, focusing on political explanations for international migration and the role of the state in encouraging or discouraging migration. Demarcating the politics of international migration is a first and essential step to talking across the disciplines." (extract)