Suchergebnisse

This study was funded by Grants from EU (FP7-ENV-2011 cod 282957 and HEALTH.2010.2.4.5-1); Spain: ISCIII (Red INMA G03/176, CB06/02/0041; FIS-FEDER: PI03/1615, PI04/1509, PI04/1112, PI04/1931, PI05/1079, PI05/1052, PI06/0867, PI06/1213, PI07/0314, PI09/00090, PI09/02647, PI11/01007, PI11/02591, PI11/02038, PI13/1944, PI13/2032, PI13/02187, PI14/00891, PI14/01687, PI16/1288, PI17/00663, PI18/01142 and PI19/1338; Miguel Servet FEDER MS15/00025, MS20/0006, CPII16/00051, and FIS-FSE: 17/00260); CIBERESP; Generalitat Valenciana: FISABIO (UGP 15-230, UGP-15-244, and UGP-15-249), AICO/2020/285, and Alicia Koplowitz Foundation 2017; Generalitat de Catalunya-CIRIT 1999SGR 00241; Department of Health of the Basque Government (2005111093, 2009111069, 2013111089 and 2015111065); Provincial Government of Gipuzkoa (DFG06/002, DFG08/001 and DFG15/221). We acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through the "Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019-2023" Programme (CEX2018000806-S), and from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Programme, as well as the municipalities in the study area. ; Background: Humans are regularly exposed to metals and metalloids present in air, water, food, soil and domestic materials. Most of them can cross the placental barrier and cause adverse impacts on the developing foetus. Objectives: To describe the prenatal concentrations of metals and metalloids and to study the associated sociodemographic, environmental and dietary factors in pregnant Spanish women. Methods: Subjects were 1346 pregnant women of the INMA Project, for whom the following metals arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), thallium (Tl) and zinc (Zn) were determined in urine, at both the first and the third trimesters of gestation. Sociodemographic, dietary and environmental information was collected through questionnaires during pregnancy. Multiple linear mixed models were built in order to study the association between each metal and metalloid concentrations and the sociodemographic, environmental and dietary factors. Results: The most detected compounds were As, Co, Mo, Sb, Se and Zn at both trimesters. Zn was the element found in the highest concentrations at both trimesters and Tl was detected in the lowest concentrations. We observed significant associations between As, Cd, Cu, Sb, Tl and Zn concentrations and working situation, social class and age. Seafood, meat, fruits, nuts, vegetables and alcohol intake affected the levels of all the metals but Cd and Cu. Proximity to industrial areas, fields and air pollution were related to all metals except Cd, Sb and Se. Conclusions: This is the first large prospective longitudinal study on the exposure to metals and metalloids during pregnancy and associated factors to include several cohorts in Spain. The present study shows that some modifiable lifestyles, food intakes and environmental factors could be associated with prenatal exposure to metal (loid)s, which may be considered in further studies to assess their relationship with neonatal health outcomes. ; European Commission 282957 HEALTH.2010.2.4.5-1 ; Spain: ISCIII Red INMA G03/176 CB06/02/0041 CIBERESP ; Generalitat Valenciana: FISABIO UGP 15-230 UGP-15-244 UGP-15-249 AICO/2020/285 ; Alicia Koplowitz Foundation ; Generalitat de Catalunya ; General Electric CIRIT 1999SGR 00241 ; Department of Health of the Basque Government 2005111093 2009111069 2013111089 2015111065 ; Provincial Government of Gipuzkoa DFG06/002 DFG08/001 DFG15/221 ; Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities CEX2018000806-S ; Generalitat de Catalunya ; General Electric ; Spain (FIS-FEDER) PI03/1615 PI04/1509 PI04/1112 PI04/1931 PI05/1079 PI05/1052 PI06/0867 PI06/1213 PI07/0314 PI09/00090 PI09/02647 PI11/01007 PI11/02591 PI11/02038 PI13/1944 PI13/2032 PI13/02187 ; Spain (Miguel Servet FEDER) MS15/00025 MS20/0006 CPII16/00051 ; Spain (FIS-FSE) 17/00260 ; the Spain (FIS-FEDER) PI14/00891 PI14/01687 PI16/1288 PI17/00663 PI18/01142 PI19/1338

La investigación tiene como finalidad analizar la relación entre la medición, valoración y registro de acuerdo con las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera de la huella hídrica en el sector del arroz frente a la legislación en materia comercial, tributaria y salvaguarda para Colombia. Esta investigación se estructura desde el análisis de la información razonable recopilada de fuentes científicas, legislativas y la situación financiera de empresas productivas del sector arroz y cereales, para lo cual se utilizó la metodología de investigación analítica, en la cual se definió el juicio central de análisis, y así determinar las variables o eventos a definir, de ahí se procede con la obtención de postulados, definiciones y datos cuantitativos y cualitativos mediante la construcción y aplicación de una matriz de investigación. Conforme a lo anterior el resultado analítico del documento identificó la escasa aplicación del concepto y estimación de la huella hídrica en el sector analizado, pero al mismo tiempo el resultado permite dejar un aporte científico y referencial a toda la comunidad académica y empresas del sector arroz y cereales, para determinar una adecuada aplicación en los cultivos de arroz o también denominados en el lenguaje técnico contable como activos biológicos, de los principios contables de reconocimiento, medición, presentación y revelación de la huella hídrica en contraste a la legislación comercial tributaria y salvaguardas vigentes en Colombia.

Este trabajo se centra en analizar las posibilidades y ámbitos de participación ciudadana en la esfera pública que se desprenden de las dinámicas de remediación entre televisión e internet, particularmente en lo que respecta a las tendencias de expansión y convergencia entre ambos medios. En el escenario actual, la pugna entre televisión e internet se pone de manifiesto en el consumo de los receptores, así como en sus discursos. Objetivo: Conocer la percepción que tienen los receptores en España de la televisión, ya sea en su formato tradicional o por medio de otros cauces y prácticas, así como identificar sus patrones de consumo y determinar en qué medida dichos receptores conocen y utilizan las segundas pantallas y los medios interactivos, o participan en las mismos. Metodología: Siguiendo una metodología cualitativa, basada en 4 grupos de discusión y 2 entrevistas individuales realizadas en España, se ha recabado un amplio espectro de opiniones de un total de 26 sujetos. Resultados y conclusiones: Salvo en los sujetos de mayor edad (más de 65 años), prevalecen las dinámicas de expansión sobre las de convergencia, es decir, los sujetos han añadido otros soportes al consumo de televisión en formato tradicional (especialmente internet y, en concreto, web social 2.0), hasta el punto de sustituirlo parcial o casi totalmente en algunos casos. Sin embargo, o bien desconocen o bien no suelen hacer uso de los mecanismos de participación e interacción que incorporan las transmisiones televisivas.

This paper explores the relevance of voice, recognition and consent as central attributes of the subject of participatory journalism. On the understanding that in democracy the design of political and social organisation ought to favour a process that develops the public voice of citizens, it explores the role that journalism, above all the public service kind, plays in meeting this objective. From this perspective, an analysis is performed on the discourses of the viewers of the newscasts of the Spanish public TV channel TVE, with a view to determining to what extent public recognition is based on the following three elements: (1) the recognition of citizens as such, and (2) their capacity to give or withhold their consent and (3) to develop a voice capable of vindicating participation. The discussion and results aim to contribute to the debate on the 'critical juncture' (McChesney, 2007) of media history, at which the information ecosystem is undergoing far-reaching changes.

Conceptualizamos la realidad como un sistema de dominación múltiple: capitalista, colonial (poder-saber-existencia) y heteropatriarcal. La intervención social como dispositivo de gobierno de conductas, se encuentra cada vez más sometida a saberes expertos técnico-burocráticos-protocolizados llegando a deshumanizar y etiquetar a las otras no personas. Se olvidan otras fuentes de conocimientos alternativos basados en la narrativa como son los cómics, interpretados como saberes profanos y subversivos. Pretendemos mostrar el potencial del cómic como instrumento de intervención social y de formación de estudiantes y profesionales de lo social. Se ha realizado una investigación cualitativa seleccionando 140 cómics, creando un movimiento inspirado en la Graphic Medicine para explorar la capacidad del cómic social como utillaje válido para humanizar la intervención social.

A partir de la propuesta de apertura disciplinar de las ciencias sociales, rompiendo con la compartimentalización del conocimiento de Wallerstein (2006) en este trabajo se realiza una aproximación al Sistema de Protección a la Infancia y Adolescencia español desde un enfoque crítico-constructivo cercano a las Epistemologías del Sur de Boaventura de Sousa Santos. Para este enfoque descolonial, el sur es una metáfora del sufrimiento humano, consecuencia del contexto socio político actual que se encuentra en su fase de globalización capitalista neoliberal, que propicia la emergencia de un fascismo societario que expulsa a los diferentes negando su existencia. En el caso que nos ocupa a través de un gobierno experto de las otras no familias, a partir del establecimiento de formas hegemónicas de crianza, fruto de un determinado sistema de valores y creencias, que subyugan, colonizan y dominan saberes profanos basados en la cotidianeidad y el sentido común adaptativo.

Background Humans are regularly exposed to metals and metalloids present in air, water, food, soil and domestic materials. Most of them can cross the placental barrier and cause adverse impacts on the developing foetus. Objectives To describe the prenatal concentrations of metals and metalloids and to study the associated sociodemographic, environmental and dietary factors in pregnant Spanish women. Methods Subjects were 1346 pregnant women of the INMA Project, for whom the following metals arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), thallium (Tl) and zinc (Zn) were determined in urine, at both the first and the third trimesters of gestation. Sociodemographic, dietary and environmental information was collected through questionnaires during pregnancy. Multiple linear mixed models were built in order to study the association between each metal and metalloid concentrations and the sociodemographic, environmental and dietary factors. Results The most detected compounds were As, Co, Mo, Sb, Se and Zn at both trimesters. Zn was the element found in the highest concentrations at both trimesters and Tl was detected in the lowest concentrations. We observed significant associations between As, Cd, Cu, Sb, Tl and Zn concentrations and working situation, social class and age. Seafood, meat, fruits, nuts, vegetables and alcohol intake affected the levels of all the metals but Cd and Cu. Proximity to industrial areas, fields and air pollution were related to all metals except Cd, Sb and Se. Conclusions This is the first large prospective longitudinal study on the exposure to metals and metalloids during pregnancy and associated factors to include several cohorts in Spain. The present study shows that some modifiable lifestyles, food intakes and environmental factors could be associated with prenatal exposure to metal(loid)s, which may be considered in further studies to assess their relationship with neonatal health outcomes. ; This study was funded by Grants from EU (FP7-ENV-2011 cod 282957 and HEALTH.2010.2.4.5–1); Spain: ISCIII (Red INMA G03/176, CB06/02/0041; FIS-FEDER: PI03/1615, PI04/1509, PI04/1112, PI04/1931, PI05/1079, PI05/1052, PI06/0867, PI06/1213, PI07/0314, PI09/00090, PI09/02647, PI11/01007, PI11/02591, PI11/02038, PI13/1944, PI13/2032, PI13/02187, PI14/00891, PI14/01687, PI16/1288, PI17/00663, PI18/01142 and PI19/1338; Miguel Servet FEDER MS15/00025, MS20/0006, CPII16/00051, and FIS-FSE: 17/ 00260); CIBERESP; Generalitat Valenciana: FISABIO (UGP 15–230, UGP-15-244, and UGP-15-249), AICO/2020/285, and Alicia Koplowitz Foundation 2017; Generalitat de Catalunya-CIRIT 1999SGR 00241; Department of Health of the Basque Government (2005111093, 2009111069, 2013111089 and 2015111065); Provincial Government of Gipuzkoa (DFG06/002, DFG08/001 and DFG15/221). We acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through the "Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019–2023" Programme (CEX2018000806-S), and from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Programme, as well as the municipalities in the study area. ; Peer reviewed

Background: Humans are regularly exposed to metals and metalloids present in air, water, food, soil and domestic materials. Most of them can cross the placental barrier and cause adverse impacts on the developing foetus. Objectives: To describe the prenatal concentrations of metals and metalloids and to study the associated sociodemographic, environmental and dietary factors in pregnant Spanish women. Methods: Subjects were 1346 pregnant women of the INMA Project, for whom the following metals arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), thallium (Tl) and zinc (Zn) were determined in urine, at both the first and the third trimesters of gestation. Sociodemographic, dietary and environmental information was collected through questionnaires during pregnancy. Multiple linear mixed models were built in order to study the association between each metal and metalloid concentrations and the sociodemographic, environmental and dietary factors. Results: The most detected compounds were As, Co, Mo, Sb, Se and Zn at both trimesters. Zn was the element found in the highest concentrations at both trimesters and Tl was detected in the lowest concentrations. We observed significant associations between As, Cd, Cu, Sb, Tl and Zn concentrations and working situation, social class and age. Seafood, meat, fruits, nuts, vegetables and alcohol intake affected the levels of all the metals but Cd and Cu. Proximity to industrial areas, fields and air pollution were related to all metals except Cd, Sb and Se. Conclusions: This is the first large prospective longitudinal study on the exposure to metals and metalloids during pregnancy and associated factors to include several cohorts in Spain. The present study shows that some modifiable lifestyles, food intakes and environmental factors could be associated with prenatal exposure to metal(loid)s, which may be considered in further studies to assess their relationship with neonatal health outcomes. ; This study was funded by Grants from EU (FP7-ENV-2011 cod 282957 and HEALTH.2010.2.4.5–1); Spain: ISCIII (Red INMA G03/176, CB06/02/0041; FIS-FEDER: PI03/1615, PI04/1509, PI04/1112, PI04/1931, PI05/1079, PI05/1052, PI06/0867, PI06/1213, PI07/0314, PI09/00090, PI09/02647, PI11/01007, PI11/02591, PI11/02038, PI13/1944, PI13/2032, PI13/02187, PI14/00891, PI14/01687, PI16/1288, PI17/00663, PI18/01142 and PI19/1338; Miguel Servet FEDER MS15/00025, MS20/0006, CPII16/00051, and FIS-FSE: 17/ 00260); CIBERESP; Generalitat Valenciana: FISABIO (UGP 15–230, UGP-15-244, and UGP-15-249), AICO/2020/285, and Alicia Koplowitz Foundation 2017; Generalitat de Catalunya-CIRIT 1999SGR 00241; Department of Health of the Basque Government (2005111093, 2009111069, 2013111089 and 2015111065); Provincial Government of Gipuzkoa (DFG06/002, DFG08/001 and DFG15/221).

Importance Limited information on the transmission and dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 at the city scale is available. Objective To describe the local spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Valencia, Spain. Design, Setting, and Participants This single-center epidemiological cohort study of patients with SARS-CoV-2 was performed at University General Hospital in Valencia (population in the hospital catchment area, 364 000), a tertiary hospital. The study included all consecutive patients with COVID-19 isolated at home from the start of the COVID-19 pandemic on February 19 until August 31, 2020. Exposures Cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by the presence of IgM antibodies or a positive polymerase chain reaction test result on a nasopharyngeal swab were included. Cases in which patients with negative laboratory results met diagnostic and clinical criteria were also included. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the characterization of dissemination patterns and connections among the 20 neighborhoods of Valencia during the outbreak. To recreate the transmission network, the inbound and outbound connections were studied for each region, and the relative risk of infection was estimated. Results In total, 2646 patients were included in the analysis. The mean (SD) age was 45.3 (22.5) years; 1203 (46%) were male and 1442 (54%) were female (data were missing for 1); and the overall mortality was 3.7%. The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 cases was higher in neighborhoods with higher household income (β2 [for mean income per household] = 0.197; 95% CI, 0.057-0.351) and greater population density (β1 [inhabitants per km2] = 0.228; 95% CI, 0.085-0.387). Correlations with meteorological variables were not statistically significant. Neighborhood 3, where the hospital and testing facility were located, had the most outbound connections (14). A large residential complex close to the city (neighborhood 20) had the fewest connections (0 outbound and 2 inbound). Five geographically unconnected neighborhoods were of strategic importance in disrupting the transmission network. Conclusions and Relevance This study of local dissemination of SARS-COV-2 revealed nonevident transmission patterns between geographically unconnected areas. The results suggest that tailor-made containment measures could reduce transmission and that hospitals, including testing facilities, play a crucial role in disease transmission. Consequently, the local dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 spread might inform the strategic lockdown of specific neighborhoods to stop the contagion and avoid a citywide lockdown. ; This study was supported by the Innovation, Universities, Science and Digital Society Council through the Valencia Innovation Agency (AVI); grant 851255 from the European Research Council under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Dr Zanin); grant MDM-2017-0711 from the Spanish State Research Agency through the Severo Ochoa and María de Maeztu Program for Centers and Units of Excellence in Research and Development (Dr Zanin); and from the Universitat de Valencia (Drs Iftimi and Lozano). ; Peer reviewed

Integration of technological solutions aims to improve accuracy, precision and repeatability in farming operations, and biosensor devices are increasingly used for understanding basic biology during livestock production. The aim of this study was to design and validate a miniaturized tri-axial accelerometer for non-invasive monitoring of farmed fish with re-programmable schedule protocols. The current device (AE-FishBIT v.1s) is a small (14 mm × 7 mm × 7 mm), stand-alone system with a total mass of 600 mg, which allows monitoring animals from 30 to 35 g onwards. The device was attached to the operculum of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles for monitoring their physical activity by measurements of movement accelerations in x- and y-axes, while records of operculum beats (z-axis) served as a measurement of respiratory frequency. Data post-processing of exercised fish in swimming test chambers revealed an exponential increase of fish accelerations with the increase of fish speed from 1 body-length to 4 body-lengths per second, while a close relationship between oxygen consumption (MO2) and opercular frequency was consistently found. Preliminary tests in free-swimming fish kept in rearing tanks also showed that device data recording was able to detect changes in daily fish activity. The usefulness of low computational load for data pre-processing with on-board algorithms was verified from low to submaximal exercise, increasing this procedure the autonomy of the system up to 6 h of data recording with different programmable schedules. Visual observations regarding tissue damage, feeding behavior and circulating levels of stress markers (cortisol, glucose, and lactate) did not reveal at short term a negative impact of device tagging. Reduced plasma levels of triglycerides revealed a transient inhibition of feed intake in small fish (sea bream 50–90 g, sea bass 100–200 g), but this disturbance was not detected in larger fish. All this considered together is the proof of concept that miniaturized devices are suitable for non-invasive and reliable metabolic phenotyping of farmed fish to improve their overall performance and welfare. Further work is underway for improving the attachment procedure and the full device packaging. ; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 652831 (AQUAEXCEL2020, Aquaculture infrastructures for excellence in European fish research towards 2020). This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the European Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. Additional funding was obtained from project SURF (TEC2014-60527-C2-1-R) of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER). ; Peer reviewed