Suchergebnisse

The article is devoted to fundamental freedoms such as the right to respect for human dignity and the right to health protection in the legal framework of the European Union. Respect for the human being as the unique bio-psychosocial value, recognition and ensuring his/her rights and freedoms, dignity and honor, in particular by providing an access to minimal social benefits which can enable an adequate living standard as well as guaranteeing by a government of its country the protection against encroachments on above mentioned legal categories, these are the unswerving standards on which is based the legal ideology of the developed European countries. The effectiveness of a certain inherent human right is defined by real results which can be achieved by the implementation of legal rules. A government should carry out legal and organizational arrangements in order to accomplish desirable results. Obviously, the democratic legal framework should protect human's right and freedoms, reproduce and implement the principles of the rule of law, ensure a «quality» of a law on the level of national law. All above mentioned should be done because a legal framework should implement legal provisions on the idea that a human is the highest social value. The quality of the European legal framework is in the protection of the values, common to whole mankind, cultural heritage, both at the level of primary and secondary legal rules as well as at the level of constitutional legislation. The major task of the legal framework is creation, implementation and realization of the clearly-defined and stable legal ground for the full range of social relationships and its dynamics

The challenges of collecting current labor market data amidst global changes and geopolitical fluctuations increasingly necessitate new approaches and alternative methods of data collection and analysis. This highlights the relevance of research aimed at developing and adapting labor market information provision methods to contemporary challenges. A promising approach in this context is the use of Big Data for labor market assessment, which involves collecting information from sources such as online job search and vacancy portals. This method allows for a deeper analysis of market trends and provides a more accurate and timely assessment of labor market needs and opportunities. The aim of this article is to discuss approaches to developing labor market information systems using Big Data, particularly online data from job vacancy websites. It examines the use of Big Data in labor market analysis based on a database containing over four million job vacancies posted on Ukrainian job search portals over the last five years, provided by the European Training Foundation (ETF). The effectiveness of these approaches in facilitating job search for all interested parties is evaluated, particularly through providing insights into the dynamics of supply and demand in the labor market based on data from these portals. The opportunities and limitations of using Big Data in this context are analyzed, including their impact on employment policy development and labor market planning. The potential benefits of Big Data in providing deeper and more accurate market condition analyses are outlined, along with technical aspects and challenges associated with their processing and interpretation. The article examines methodological approaches to data collection and analytical processing in the context of accelerated transformations, volatility, and limited access to traditional information resources. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the substantiation of the feasibility and appropriateness of using open data from online job portals for labor market information provision under current conditions. In conducting the research, methods of analysis, synthesis, and generalization were applied to identify the main contemporary issues of labor market information provision in Ukraine. The effectiveness of data collection methods based on web scraping and parsing techniques was evaluated, as well as the use of the integrated Snowflake platform to identify key trends and patterns in the labor market. The conclusions summarize the main points and substantiate directions for further research, highlighting the significance of Big Data in developing employment strategies and optimizing the labor market.

The multifaceted nature of the boundary phenomenon causes difficulties in its application. Therefore, in order to study the phenomenon of the borderland, in the context of the ethno- geographical space, it is necessary to imagine the studied area as a borderland of cultures, ethnic groups, states, communities, traditions, norms and values or as a terrain in which social structures (spaces, dimensions) are superimposed on the geographical space of society, what is a goal of the article. The phenomenon of the border is that in its space of interaction new forms of solidarity of social communities arise, cross-border social networks are formed. The novelty of the study is formed in the processes of mutual attraction and mutual repulsion of cultural traditions and symbolic systems in the border zones became the arguments in favor of the study of borders as special socio-cultural phenomena with their own regional identity. As it turned out, these zones are characterized by a special system of interaction between "own" and "other". Conclusions. The matrix of this interaction does not always coincide with territorial borders or demarcation lines. In the most general way the interpretation of the borderland as a category implies a constant stay on the border - between states, eras, cultures. One of its options is the territory of Halychyna, Bukovyna, Transcarpathia. When Ukrainians in difficult, dramatic conditions had to fight for their national self-identification through the development of Ukrainian education and culture in confrontation with foreign ruling state systems.

The article is devoted to Cossacks as an extraordinary phenomenon in European history. Its peculiarity is that it became a separate social class with certain rights and had its own territory, independent of the state administration. The relevance of this new social force was caused primarily by the strengthening of social, economic and religious coercion of broad sections of the population. The question of archification, barbarism and civilization is raised as a social and cultural process through which it passed establishment of Cossack identity realizes the novelty of the study. The article uses the descriptive and comparative methods. Conclusions. It is emphasized that the issue of national self-assertion in the 17th century passed into the hands of the Cossacks. It was the Cossacks who had to take over the baton of the former Ukrainian "classocracy", which for a long period was in a state of decay and destruction. The Cossacks turned out to be capable of directing the manifestations of the protest movement of different classes in the direction of the long national liberation war against Polish rule, which led to the formation of an independent Ukrainian state – Hetmanship.

The main aim of the article is to analyze the identity transformations of Ukrainian citizens triggered by the large-scale Russian invasion in 2022. Russian military aggression significantly affected the daily life of every citizen of Ukraine, including her or his personal and collective identity. An analysis of sociological surveys shows that, along with the deterioration of such indicators of the social well-being index as professional self-realization, nutrition, leisure time, adaptation to the new reality, etc., the feeling of solidarity more than doubled in March 2022 compared to March 2021. The war also led to a significant rethinking of the values ​​of Ukrainians and encouraged them to value more what they have, as well as reduced the level of expectations and claims regarding the satisfaction of their needs.
The full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war sharpened the national self-awareness of Ukrainians and increased their negative attitude toward the "brotherly nations" of Russians and Belarusians as well as toward possible concessions to the Russians in exchange for the cessation of aggression. In time of war, the political views of Ukrainians underwent a significant transformation. They are ready to limit their democratic rights and freedoms for the sake of victory.
The article considers Ukrainian resistance to Russian aggression as a continuation of Ukraine's struggle for its freedom and independence.

The purpose of the article is to clarify the place, meaning, and functioning mechanism of kinesthetic perception in the art of a theatre and film actor. Research methodology. Analytical and logical methods have been used to understand the peculiarities of the actor's kinesthetic perception in the role, a comparative analysis of the actor's play with active kinesthetic perception and an actor with dominant auditory and visual perception has been used. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the phenomenon of kinesthetic perception in the actor's art was investigated. The mechanism and method of involving this perception in the acting technique of reincarnation was revealed. An analysis of the features of the creative state of the actor in the role under the influence of kinesthetic perception was conducted. Conclusions. The method of comparative analysis of the actor's play proves the need to involve the phenomenon of kinesthetic perception in the actor's skill. We have proved why the activation of the actor's kinesthetic perception in the role is a necessary condition for the creation of an artistic act. The mechanism of shifting the actor's attention from external visual and auditory information to the movements of their own body has been revealed. It was determined that as a result of such a shift of attention the actor feels the movements of their own body and their image in the viewer's eyes. The method of setting up and activating kinesthetic perception in acting is motivated and explained.
Key words: kinesthetic perception, audiovisual perception, body movements, facial movements, speech behaviour, kinesthetic actor, action, attention, viewer.

The formation of the sociology of war as a sectoral sociology or middle-level theory in Ukraine has been investigated. The object, subject, conceptual apparatus, proposed methodology of further studies of the sociology of war, are proposed, proposed to consider its main directions and key problems. A comparative analysis of objects and items of military sociology, sociology of the army was conducted. The characteristics of modern wars and the peculiarities of their armed struggle were given.

Relevance of the research topic. The soundness of the budget policy is an important prerequisite for ensuring the socio-economic development of the country. In modern conditions, it is expedient to strengthen the adaptability of budget policy to socio-economic processes. The task of increasing the quality level of the budget mechanism has become important. Formulation of the problem. The budget policy should correspond to both tactical tasks and long-term prospects of the country's socio-economic development. Analysis of recent research and publications. The problem of the theoretical foundations of budget policy formation is quite widespread in scientific research. These are the works of famous domestic and foreign scientists: J. Keynes, P. Samuelson, I. Chugunov, T. Kaneva, L. Lysiak, I. Lukyanenko, A. Mazaraki, V. Makogon, M. Pasichno, V. Fedosov and others. Highlighting unexplored parts of the general problem. In modern economic conditions, it is important to use budget policy as an effective tool for influencing the socio-economic processes of the state. Activation of budget policy possibilities in the system of state regulation requires a more rational use of its regulatory potential. Setting the task, the goal of the research. The tasks of the research are: to reveal the role of budget policy in regulating the socio-economic development of administrative-territorial units; justify the theoretical foundations of budget policy; to carry out an analysis and assessment of revenues and expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to reveal the theoretical foundations of budget policy formation. Method or methodology of research. The article uses a set of scientific research methods: system approach, statistical analysis, structuring, synthesis, etc. Presentation of the main material (results of work). The role of budget policy in regulating the socio-economic development of administrative-territorial units is revealed. The theoretical foundations of budget policy are substantiated. An analysis and assessment of revenues and expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine was carried out. The theoretical foundations of budget policy formation are revealed. Field of application of results. The results of the study can be used in the process of formation and implementation of budget policy. Conclusions according to the article. Budgetary policy is actively used by the state to manage economic processes. It plays an important role in increasing the concentration of funds in the most important areas of socio-economic development of the country, improving the sectoral and territorial structure of the economy, accelerating the intensification of production in accordance with the level of development of society.

The subject of the research is theoretical approaches to the formation and development of the cryptocurrency market and its integration into the national financial system. The purpose of the article is to determine the theoretical foundations of the functioning of the cryptocurrency market based on a systemic approach and to explore the possibilities of its integration into the financial system of Ukraine. Method or methodology of research. The article uses the methods of scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis, generalization, systematic approach. Results of the article. The article examines the theoretical aspects of the economic category "cryptocurrency". A retrospective analysis of cryptographic money research was carried out. The largest cryptocurrencies by capitalization were studied and it was concluded that Bitcoin remains the leader in terms of price and level of capitalization among existing cryptocurrencies. The state of introduction and development of the cryptocurrency market in Ukraine is considered. In particular, the article presents Ukrainian companies that offer the purchase of their goods and services for cryptocurrency. The prospects for the use of cryptocurrencies in the financial system of Ukraine are outlined. Field of application of results. The results of the research can be used in the process of streamlining the legal framework regulating the circulation of virtual assets and electronic money. Conclusions. A significant potential for the development of the cryptocurrency market is seen in Ukraine. Currently, the issue of implementation, full legal and institutional support for the circulation of cryptocurrencies is open and relevant, but has certain inhibitions, which are caused by an objective factor – the war in the country.

The article deals with the problem of relations and social interaction of Ukrainian communities (primarily burghers and peasants) with the Jewish population of the Volyn Voivodeship in the 1st half of the 17th cent. The author pays attention to the relevance of an objective analysis of this problem in view of false stereotypes about the deep traditions of Ukrainian anti-Semitism and insufficient attention of domestic scientists to the study of the experience of social interaction of Jews and Christians in Volyn during the Lithuanian-Polish era. The most important studies and publications, in which the solution of the problem was initiated, were analysed, the priority directions of further studies related to this topic were emphasized.
The article raises the issue of the specifics of conflicts between Christians and Jews in Volyn. At the same time, it was emphasized that relatively few conflict situations related to national-religious misunderstandings were found. At the same time, in a number of cases, their analysis makes it possible to obtain (as background information) information about the cooperation of representatives of the Christian and Jewish communities.
When presenting the main material, four episodes from the history of Ukrainian-Jewish relations were analysed, which testified to the cooperation of representatives of these communities in the realities of everyday life in Volyn in the 1st half of the 17th cent. In particular, the practice of inviting Ukrainian burghers and peasant women to Jewish families as babysitters was noted; at the same time, it was emphasized that the mentioned cooperation had a long history and was practiced in Volyn despite an explicit prohibition in the II Lithuanian Statute. Cases of reactions of Ukrainian peasants and townspeople in crisis situations were also analysed, when Jews were saved from robbers and a mob that intended to commit lynching by their efforts.
As a result it is possible to confirm the fact that the national-religious boundaries between Jews and Ukrainians were blurred in the everyday conditions of the first half of the 17th cent., already stated in the works of domestic researchers. This was confirmed not only by the example of the communication of Jews with the nobility, but also at the level of other classes, namely burghers and peasants. It was emphasized that the myth of the systemic anti-Semitism of Ukrainians is not confirmed in the sources, so the study of real conflicts between Ukrainians and Jews requires new approaches.

The article deals with the problems of everyday life of the parish clergy of Volyn during the Lithuanian-Polish era. It is noted that such a topic is important in the context of the study of the cultural and national movement on the Ukrainian lands at the border of the 16th and 17th centuries. The importance of criminal cases of district courts of the Volyn Voivodeship for the study of everyday problems of all strata of the Ukrainian population of this era, in particular the parish clergy, is emphasized. The author expressed the opinion that criminal cases reflected evidence about everyday life that could not be recorded in other sources available to modern scientists.The purpose of the article is to reveal a number of aspects of the daily life of the Volyn parish clergy using the example of the protest of a priest from the village of Biskupychi, Fr. Hryhoriy Zhukovych, as well as the testimony of the ministerial in this case. The analysis of Kostyantyn Gulevich's crime – beating the victim, as well as rape and robbery of his wife (in the victim's interpretation) made it possible to draw the following conclusions: first, the crime had not only a sexual motive and the desire to rob. The criminal also sought to humiliate the social dignity of the victim. This was manifested in her dressing in peasant clothes and a violent peasant-style haircut. Secondly, based on the protest and the ministerial's testimony, it was possible to discover additional information about the history of Ukrainian clothing. According to the list of selected items, it was concluded that the bishop's wife had quite expensive clothes and could afford to wear silver and gold jewellery. The forced dressing of the victim in peasant clothes gave additional insights into what the peasants wore at that time. Thirdly, the text of the protest made it possible to reveal the figure of the vernacular using the example of both individual words and idioms. In addition, an archaic term related to the metrology of those times and dating back to the princely era was discovered. Finally, a conclusion was made about the perspective of further research of the materials of criminal cases for the study of a wide range of problems related to Ukrainian everyday life during the Lithuanian-Polish era.

The purpose of the work is to identify the specifics of the communicative semantics in the Lviv pop-jazz continuum on the example of the vocal octets «Picardian Third» and «Orpheus». The research methodology is based on the use of cultural and analytical methods, on the basis of the theoretical understanding of the communicative semantics concept and the extrapolation of the specified phenomenon to understanding the analysis of the specified creative collectives' activities. The scientific novelty of the research: the article proposes a definition of the communicative semantics concept, which is interpreted as a set of meanings produced by one or another artistic centre in its multiple creative acts; the essence of the indicated semantics in the Lviv pop-jazz continuum is determined using the example of the octets «Picardian third» and «Orpheus». Conclusions. The specificity of the communicative semantics of creative collectives, whose activities are analysed in the article, demonstrates stylistic multiculturalism, while its nature is different in the two indicated octets. The semantics of the vocal formation «Picardian Third» from the point of view of pop-jazz communication is defined as a syncretism of national (folk, spiritual, and pop) and international jazz messages, when the essentially national repertoire is presented in jazz design. Instead, in the work of the «Orpheus» octet, we observe greater differentiation of the indicated messages; the communicative semantics of the collective is created in the process of simultaneous combination of various styles and approaches. At the same time, we can state that the activities of both octets harmoniously combine the tendencies of acculturation and inculturation, and this is a guarantee of the further harmonious development of multiple cultural processes associated with the specified collectives in the Lviv continuum and the European space, and also determines the prospects of future research into Lviv pop and jazz sphere.
Key words: communicative semantics, acculturation, inculturation, Lviv pop-jazz continuum, «Picardian third», «Orpheus».

The article examines a qualitatively new phenomenon of modern political life in Russia ‑ ruscism. Its proximity to fascism and Nazism is shown, and the variety of approaches to understanding the main ideas of fascism is considered. We offer our own interpretation of this phenomenon. The author interprets ruscism as the ideology of Russian fascism, based on anti-liberalism, expansionism, revanchism, necrophilia, genocide, terrorism, statism, xenophobia, Eurasianism, leadership, God's chosen people, mobilization of the nation and the state against enemies. The most important features of the ideology of ruscism are considered. It is proven that ruscism is anti-human by its very nature, that violates all principles of international law, destroys the world security system, and thanks to disinformation and manipulation of consciousness, creates a distorted image of the world, where the truth is a lie, and white is black.

The article defines civilization as a human community. which for a certain period of time (the process of origin, development, death or transformation of civilization) has stable special features in socio-political organization, economy and culture (science, technology, art, etc.) common spiritual values and ideals, mentality (worldview). The question of the regionality of the civilization to which Ukraine belongs, as well as its limitrophy, ie the intermediate between Western European and Eurasian civilizations, is raised. It is emphasized that Ukraine's civilizational progress in Europe is intensified by the decommunization of the social and political life of our society. Decommunization is one of the few reforms that has been implemented since the Revolution of Dignity. With the adoption of decommunization laws, the policy of changing the historical narrative and the formation of cultural memory became official and purposeful. This process has an objective basis, its cataloging was the events of Euromaidan, but even more so - the Russian war against Ukraine. At the same time, it is impossible not to mention the influence of the past on ways of thinking and social structure, ie historical memory. The article notes that the process of creating new memorable meanings in a transitional society is a necessary condition for overcoming the dualism of the historical memory of Ukrainians. In this sense, the state policy of memory should be focused on the destruction of totalitarian attitudes and stereotypes, the formation of a unifying system of values.

The article deals with the problems of social interaction of Ukrainian parish clergy of Volhynia with the representatives of the nobility in the late 16th – the first half of the 17th century. The status of parish priests in the social realities of Ukrainian society of the Polish-Lithuanian period is considered. The author concludes that the clergy of the parish level can be considered in two models. The first is a social group consisting of representatives of hereditary elders. The second is a professional corporation, which unites not only hereditary priests but also people from other social groups, including burghers and nobles, who accepted the spiritual rank and became secular priests for various reasons. It is concluded that there could be two motivations for the nobility to make such a decision. The first was the material support that a priest received when he became the rector of a church with a rich foundation. The second involved a desire to dedicate one's life to pastoral ministry, education, and research without career advancement. For example, the author analyzed the way of life and activity of two prominent representatives of the parish clergy of noble origin from Volhynia – Stefan Smotrytskyi and Fedor Meleshko. The connection of Stefan Smotrytskyi's activity with the traditions of the scientific and educational center in Ostroh and the merits of Volodymyr deacon Fedor Meleshko in the development of schooling in Volhynia are emphasized. It is concluded that role of social interaction of the parish clergy with the nobility in cultural and national movement in Ukraine in the second half of the 16th – mid-17th century was important.