Suchergebnisse

Résumé L'existence de stratégies judiciaires de la part des groupes d'intérêts environnementalistes est susceptible de jouer un rôle important, non seulement pour éviter des projets dommageables, mais aussi pour susciter de manière préventive de meilleures performances environnementales. L'enquête présentée ici montre cependant que la capacité des riverains et associations à mobiliser la justice administrative de manière efficace en faveur de la protection de l'environnement et du cadre de vie semble devoir être relativisée, d'autant plus que l'évolution récente du droit en la matière tend à limiter fortement le champ des controverses judiciaires. Le contentieux apparaît marqué par un taux de réussite important des entreprises devant les tribunaux et par des actions en justice très souvent le fruit de particuliers isolés.

Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, food safety has become a societal issue that has received considerable attention in Vietnam. Cases of food intoxication are copiously reported in the press, while scientific reports show that the risk is imminent and is particularly underestimated due to lack of statistics and appropriate knowledge regarding the food chain. This crisis forced the Vietnam government to adopt structural solutions and construct its national food control system. In 2010, the Parliament approved the Food Safety Law, thanks to which the country started applying modern principles of administration. It implemented regular food safety controls, allocated and relayed the responsibility to decentralized public agencies, and required food information. This article discusses Vietnam's food control system after the promulgation of the Food Safety Law. We show that in addition to the inherent problems such as credibility of risk analysis, the main challenges arise from the daily implementation of control activities. Rule enforcement is weak because of the informal economy in agriculture and food supply sectors. Improvements in rule enforcement are urgently required in this fast changing economy in the middle run.

Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, food safety has become a societal issue that has received considerable attention in Vietnam. Cases of food intoxication are copiously reported in the press, while scientific reports show that the risk is imminent and is particularly underestimated due to lack of statistics and appropriate knowledge regarding the food chain. This crisis forced the Vietnam government to adopt structural solutions and construct its national food control system. In 2010, the Parliament approved the Food Safety Law, thanks to which the country started applying modern principles of administration. It implemented regular food safety controls, allocated and relayed the responsibility to decentralized public agencies, and required food information. This article discusses Vietnam's food control system after the promulgation of the Food Safety Law. We show that in addition to the inherent problems such as credibility of risk analysis, the main challenges arise from the daily implementation of control activities. Rule enforcement is weak because of the informal economy in agriculture and food supply sectors. Improvements in rule enforcement are urgently required in this fast changing economy in the middle run.

Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, food safety has become a societal issue that has received considerable attention in Vietnam. Cases of food intoxication are copiously reported in the press, while scientific reports show that the risk is imminent and is particularly underestimated due to lack of statistics and appropriate knowledge regarding the food chain. This crisis forced the Vietnam government to adopt structural solutions and construct its national food control system. In 2010, the Parliament approved the Food Safety Law, thanks to which the country started applying modern principles of administration. It implemented regular food safety controls, allocated and relayed the responsibility to decentralized public agencies, and required food information. This article discusses Vietnam's food control system after the promulgation of the Food Safety Law. We show that in addition to the inherent problems such as credibility of risk analysis, the main challenges arise from the daily implementation of control activities. Rule enforcement is weak because of the informal economy in agriculture and food supply sectors. Improvements in rule enforcement are urgently required in this fast changing economy in the middle run.

National audience ; Le Vietnam est passé à l'économie de marché en 1986. En trente ans, les modes de production et de consommation alimentaires se sont profondément modifiés. Le niveau de vie s'est amélioré, en même temps que la population augmentait rapidement. Le pays doit répondre à une demande alimentaire plus exigeante et diversifiée, en quantité en premier lieu. Les zones de production cherchaient avant tout à augmenter les rendements. Aux frontières, on assiste à des flux massifs d'importations et d'exportations de denrées alimentaires. Pays agricole, hissé au premier rang des exportateurs mondiaux de café, de riz et de produits aquacoles, le Vietnam importe également chaque année plus que 9 milliards USD de produits agricoles et denrées alimentaires1, dont une part non négligeable vient de l'UE. Le chiffre paraît surprenant. Il montre l'enjeu que représente aujourd'hui pour la société vietnamienne, de répondre au besoin élémentaire des hommes: manger. La qualité et les conditions sanitaires des aliments étaient des préoccupations d'ordre secondaire.

National audience ; Le Vietnam est passé à l'économie de marché en 1986. En trente ans, les modes de production et de consommation alimentaires se sont profondément modifiés. Le niveau de vie s'est amélioré, en même temps que la population augmentait rapidement. Le pays doit répondre à une demande alimentaire plus exigeante et diversifiée, en quantité en premier lieu. Les zones de production cherchaient avant tout à augmenter les rendements. Aux frontières, on assiste à des flux massifs d'importations et d'exportations de denrées alimentaires. Pays agricole, hissé au premier rang des exportateurs mondiaux de café, de riz et de produits aquacoles, le Vietnam importe également chaque année plus que 9 milliards USD de produits agricoles et denrées alimentaires1, dont une part non négligeable vient de l'UE. Le chiffre paraît surprenant. Il montre l'enjeu que représente aujourd'hui pour la société vietnamienne, de répondre au besoin élémentaire des hommes: manger. La qualité et les conditions sanitaires des aliments étaient des préoccupations d'ordre secondaire.

National audience ; Le Vietnam est passé à l'économie de marché en 1986. En trente ans, les modes de production et de consommation alimentaires se sont profondément modifiés. Le niveau de vie s'est amélioré, en même temps que la population augmentait rapidement. Le pays doit répondre à une demande alimentaire plus exigeante et diversifiée, en quantité en premier lieu. Les zones de production cherchaient avant tout à augmenter les rendements. Aux frontières, on assiste à des flux massifs d'importations et d'exportations de denrées alimentaires. Pays agricole, hissé au premier rang des exportateurs mondiaux de café, de riz et de produits aquacoles, le Vietnam importe également chaque année plus que 9 milliards USD de produits agricoles et denrées alimentaires1, dont une part non négligeable vient de l'UE. Le chiffre paraît surprenant. Il montre l'enjeu que représente aujourd'hui pour la société vietnamienne, de répondre au besoin élémentaire des hommes: manger. La qualité et les conditions sanitaires des aliments étaient des préoccupations d'ordre secondaire.

Le Vietnam est passé à l'économie de marché en 1986. En trente ans, les modes de production et de consommation alimentaires se sont profondément modifiés. Le niveau de vie s'est amélioré, en même temps que la population augmentait rapidement. Le pays doit répondre à une demande alimentaire plus exigeante et diversifiée, en quantité en premier lieu. Les zones de production cherchaient avant tout à augmenter les rendements. [br/] Aux frontières, on assiste à des flux massifs d'importations et d'exportations de denrées alimentaires. Pays agricole, hissé au premier rang des exportateurs mondiaux de café, de riz et de produits aquacoles, le Vietnam importe également chaque année plus que 9 milliards USD de produits agricoles et denrées alimentaires1, dont une part non négligeable vient de l'UE. Le chiffre paraît surprenant. Il montre l'enjeu que représente aujourd'hui pour la société vietnamienne, de répondre au besoin élémentaire des hommes: manger. La qualité et les conditions sanitaires des aliments étaient des préoccupations d'ordre secondaire.

Le prix des vignes sous appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) a fortement augmenté ces dernières décennies, au point de questionner sa connexion aux revenus issus de la vente de vin. Dans cet article, nous utilisons le modèle de capitalisation pour confronter les prix observés lors des mutations foncières aux revenus d'exploitation estimés à partir du prix des vins. Nous obtenons que les prix des vignes entre AOC augmentent plus fortement que les différences de revenus associés. Nous montrons que cette déconnexion peut s'expliquer par des effets de gamme pour l'acheteur, issus de la diversification de l'offre permise par l'achat de vigne. Par contre, la dynamique des prix n'est pas significativement différente de celle prédite par le modèle de capitalisation, ce qui va à l'encontre d'une potentielle spéculation foncière. Classification JEL : L23, Q15, Q24.

This report is the final deliverable of TRUSTEE task 3.3. It present the research protocol, the methodology used and most of results. LEADER is qualified as down-up approach combining EU policy framework and local strategy. The implementation is quite heterogeneous dependend on institutional factors and political choices at national level, structural characteristics and socio-political local factors. Our findings highlight the diversity of LEADER implementations in the three countries under study (France, Germany, Italy) and the influence of institutional factors. The design of the programs influence, for example, via the setting of funding conditions or demands on institutional settings at the local level, the extent to which local actors from different spheres get involved in local development via LEADER.

New governance structures, meant to empower local decision makers, are supported by some policies introduced by the European Commission. LEADER, from rural development policy, is among these approaches. Nevertheless, these new policies are implemented in very different multi-level governance contexts in the European nation states. We question in how far the institutional differences on the different levels affect the implementation of LEADER on the local level. We thereby hope to contribute to a better understanding of the causes and consequences of differences in the impacts and effectiveness of the LEADER approach as has been documented thus far by research analyses. In our TRUSTEE research project we concentrate on ten cases in France, Germany and Italy. We describe the three different administration systems and the different types of RDP-implementation. Based on analyses of documents and interviews with stakeholders, we then analyze the possible relation of these institutional differences to the LEADER implementation at a local level.

New governance structures, meant to empower local decision makers, are supported by some policies introduced by the European Commission. LEADER, from rural development policy, is among these approaches. Nevertheless, these new policies are implemented in very different multi-level governance contexts in the European nation states. We question in how far the institutional differences on the different levels affect the implementation of LEADER on the local level. We thereby hope to contribute to a better understanding of the causes and consequences of differences in the impacts and effectiveness of the LEADER approach as has been documented thus far by research analyses. In our TRUSTEE research project we concentrate on ten cases in France, Germany and Italy. We describe the three different administration systems and the different types of RDP-implementation. Based on analyses of documents and interviews with stakeholders, we then analyze the possible relation of these institutional differences to the LEADER implementation at a local level.

New governance structures, meant to empower local decision makers, are supported by some policies introduced by the European Commission. LEADER, from rural development policy, is among these approaches. Nevertheless, these new policies are implemented in very different multi-level governance contexts in the European nation states. We question in how far the institutional differences on the different levels affect the implementation of LEADER on the local level. We thereby hope to contribute to a better understanding of the causes and consequences of differences in the impacts and effectiveness of the LEADER approach as has been documented thus far by research analyses. In our TRUSTEE research project we concentrate on ten cases in France, Germany and Italy. We describe the three different administration systems and the different types of RDP-implementation. Based on analyses of documents and interviews with stakeholders, we then analyze the possible relation of these institutional differences to the LEADER implementation at a local level.

New governance structures, meant to empower local decision makers, are supported by some policies introduced by the European Commission. LEADER, from rural development policy, is among these approaches. Nevertheless, these new policies are implemented in very different multi-level governance contexts in the European nation states. We question in how far the institutional differences on the different levels affect the implementation of LEADER on the local level. We thereby hope to contribute to a better understanding of the causes and consequences of differences in the impacts and effectiveness of the LEADER approach as has been documented thus far by research analyses. In our TRUSTEE research project we concentrate on ten cases in France, Germany and Italy. We describe the three different administration systems and the different types of RDP-implementation. Based on analyses of documents and interviews with stakeholders, we then analyze the possible relation of these institutional differences to the LEADER implementation at a local level.

New governance structures, meant to empower local decision makers, are supported by some policies introduced by the European Commission. LEADER, from rural development policy, is among these approaches. Nevertheless, these new policies are implemented in very different multi-level governance contexts in the European nation states. We question in how far the institutional differences on the different levels affect the implementation of LEADER on the local level. We thereby hope to contribute to a better understanding of the causes and consequences of differences in the impacts and effectiveness of the LEADER approach as has been documented thus far by research analyses. In our TRUSTEE research project we concentrate on ten cases in France, Germany and Italy. We describe the three different administration systems and the different types of RDP-implementation. Based on analyses of documents and interviews with stakeholders, we then analyze the possible relation of these institutional differences to the LEADER implementation at a local level.