Suchergebnisse

Der Aufsatz verknüpft zwei Fragestellungen, die sich im Zusammenhang mit Abrüstung für die Wissenschaft ergeben: die Beschäftigung der in der Rüstungsproduktion und -entwicklung tätigen Wissenschaftler (etwa 40 Prozent aller Wissenschaftler) und der Beitrag der Militärforschung für die Wissenschaftsentwicklung, insbesondere der Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik. Aufgrund der bisherigen historischen Entwicklung läßt sich, selbst wenn man die modernsten Waffensysteme untersucht, nachweisen, daß der Beitrag der Militärforschung für die allgemeine Wissenschaftsentwicklung gering war. Vielmehr wurden vorhandene Erkenntnisse der Grundlagenforschung auf militärische Fragen angewandt. Damit wird zugleich die Vorstellung von "reiner Forschung" desavouiert. Die Beschäftigung der Wissenschaftler könnte bei entsprechender Umleitung der Staatsfinanzen in der Erforschung von Verfahren und Möglichkeiten besserer Nutzung knapper Ressourcen der Erde gesichert werden. Die hier anstehenden Fragen sind auch wissenschaftlich wesentlich interessanter und anspruchsvoller als die in der Militärforschung. Das Anspruchsvollste ist die Untersuchung der sozialen Probleme, die der Lösung der Überlebensprobleme der Menschheit entgegenstehen. (MH)

Policy recommendations from the project "Coastal societies and demography" Many rural areas are exposed to situations where schools are being closed due to the declining number of children, local shops are disappearing in the smaller towns, while local governments are struggling with pressure on the local public budgets. Parallel to this new residential areas are shooting up in the urban areas. This is just a small glimpse of the visible consequences of the on-going global urbanisation trend. In the Nordic coastal societies the urbanisation is also visible and the consequences are often even more pronounced.

This report concludes a three-year foresight process on the topic of future sustainable regional development in the Nordic Arctic (2013–2016), based on the mandate given by the Nordic Council of Ministers' Committee of Senior Officials for Regional Policy to the Nordic Working Group for Sustainable Regional Development in the Arctic. The mandate has been "to provide input to the further development of the NCM Arctic Co-operation Programme by collecting, reviewing and analysing existing information, assessing different preconditions for future development in the area and developing future scenarios. This will contribute to the political debate and give a more holistic overview of the scientific knowledge in the field." The Nordic Working Group decided to implement this task by conducting a foresight analysis. To guide the work of the three-year project, three overarching questions were defined for the foresight analysis. 1. What social and resource conditions can be expected to have a decisive influence on regional development in the Arctic over the next 10, 20 and 30 years? 2. How will the management of these conditions affect the living standards and future prospects for the regions? 3. What are the implications of the identified challenges and opportunities for future planning and regional policy? Previous foresight analyses have been carried out for the North Calotte region as part of the broader geographical area of the Northern Sparsely Populated Areas (Gløersen et al. 2009) and for the West Nordic countries (Gløersen, 2012). However, this is the first foresight analysis that covers the Nordic Arctic region as a whole. It has been essential for this study to adopt a bottom-up perspective in the process with participation from citizens of local communities across the Nordic Arctic in the initial vision phase. As part of the process, specific attention has also been paid to youth participation and local and regional business development potential. As a supple- 1. Introduction ment to the foresight analysis, Working Papers have been produced on the topics of youth perspectives on future development (Karlsdóttir and Jungsberg, 2015) and challenges and opportunities for sustainable business development (Olsen et al. 2016).

Addressing the methodological and topical challenges facing demographers working in remote regions, this book compares and contrasts the research, methods and models, and policy applications from peripheral regions in developed nations. With the emphasis on human populations as dynamic, adaptive, evolving systems, it explores how populations respond in different ways to changing environmental, cultural and economic conditions and how effectively they manage these change processes. Theoretical understandings and policy issues arising from demographic modelling are tackled including: competition for skilled workers; urbanisation and ruralisation; population ageing; the impacts of climate change; the life outcomes of Indigenous peoples; globalisation and international migration.Based on a strong theoretical framework around issues of heterogeneity, generational change, temporariness and the relative strength of internal and external ties, Demography at the Edge provides a common set of approaches and issues that benefit both researchers and practitioners.