Drawing on the research findings of the survey and a review of the scientific and professional literature, this paper seeks to indicate a correlation between vaccine hesitancy and national security. On the one hand, the paper argues that health is of particular concern to the modern sovereign state and its security, and that the vaccine as a civilizational achievement is one of the most vital mechanisms for safeguarding public health and, by extension, national security. On the other hand, the paper contends that vaccine hesitancy should also be considered a threat to national security. What vaccine hesitancy means and what factors contribute to it is something of a blind spot in Serbia's public and academic discourse. The survey findings have shown that vaccine hesitancy is influenced by various factors and conclude that Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy in Serbia can be considered a threat to national security.
Although the research of civilian-military relations and the democratic control of the military can proceed from Plato's Republic written almost two thousand and five hundred years ago, and from the famous dilemma 'who guards the guards' and Juvenal's question sed quis custoditet ispos custodes - the first theoretical fundamentals for their study were set during the period of the Cold War. Namely, the starting points of studying the contemporary civilian-military relations are considered to be two works: Samuel Huntington's Soldier and State (1957) and Morris Janovitz's Professional Soldier (1960). The afore mentioned volumes are considered as classical theories of civilian-military relations. Apart from the classical theories of civilian-military relations, one can discuss today also many so-called post Cold War theories of civilian-military relations. ; Iako u istraživanju civilno-vojnih odnosa i demokratske kontrole vojske može da se pođe od Platonove Republike napisane pre gotovo dve i po hiljade godina, i čuvene dileme 'ko čuva čuvare' i Juvenalovog pitanja sed quis custoditet ispos custodes - prve teoretske osnove za njihovo izučavanje date su u periodu Hladnog rata. Naime, kao polazne osnove u izučavanju savremenih civilno-vojnih odnosa uzimaju se dva dela: Vojnik i država Semjuela Hantingtona (1957) i Profesionalni vojnik Morisa Janovica (1960). Pomenuti radovi smatraju se klasičnim teorijama civilno-vojnih odnosa. Pored klasičnih teorija o civilno-vojnim odnosima da- nas može da se govori i o mnogobrojnim tzv. posthladnoratovskim teorijama civilno-vojnih odnosa.
The purpose of this paper is to provide answers to the questions why health is viewed through the lens of national and international security, and what might be the potential role of the armed forces in strategic response to health security challenges. Relying on theoretical settings of Foucault's discourse studies and securitization concept developed by the Copenhagen School of security studies, authors will try to illuminate the nexus between political discourse, military and securitization of health. The analysis of the political and academic discourse has found that with regard to security the most important health challenges are considered the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases, especially HIV/AIDS, and the ability to make use of biological agents as weapons. As the most important reasons why health is viewed through the lens of security are considered to be major economic losses incurred due to health crises, high mortality rates, migration, the impact of health crises on the armed forces and peacekeeping operations. The paper concluded that the armed forces play a role in the public health security through monitoring and early warning, through epidemiological and laboratory opportunities for early detection of new epidemics or pathogens, as well as through providing assistance after major natural disasters. The paper analyzes the public health and security in the Republic of Serbia, and it was concluded that it is necessary to undertake more efforts in recognizing health as a field of national security, and health risks as the risks of security.
In 2010 the Republic of Serbia adopted the National Action Plan (NAP) for the implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 "Women, Peace and Security", which stipulates that on the basis of gender equality UN member states should build and adapt mechanisms for conflict resolution and inclusion of women in all levels of decision-making. An important role in the activities undertaken to achieve the goals defined by the National Action Plan is assigned to the ministry in charge of education (currently the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development). These activities include raising awareness of potential conflicts, launching educational programs about gender aspects of conflicts, and introducing the subject matter of gender equality and gender-based violence at all levels of education and specialization in the security sector. Given that the Faculty of Security Studies of the University of Belgrade trains its students to perform a wide range of jobs in the security sector, the introduction of said subject matter at this higher education institution has special importance. In order to determine the extent to which this subject matter is currently being taught at the Faculty of Security Studies and at the same time to work toward the NAP goals, we have conducted a pilot study which included an analysis of the undergraduate forms of teaching such as seminars and workshops. It is our belief that educating male and female students to perform jobs in the security and defense systems and better participate in civil society requires that this subject matter be incorporated into the existing undergraduate curriculum at this higher education institution and that the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia assume a more active role in attaining the goals of the National Action Plan and achieving gender equality as an imperative of democratic societies curriculum and course syllabuses as well as the opinions of first- and second-year male and female students on gender equality. Having analyzed the syllabuses of undergraduate courses, we have established that the issues of gender equality, gender-sensitive address forms, gender-based violence, and the role and position of women in the security and defense systems, are underrepresented in course syllabuses, teaching units and primary literature. Furthermore, the opinion poll of the first- and second-year male and female undergraduate students on gender equality, conducted in June 2015 at the Faculty, led us to the conclusion that despite the students' awareness of this subject matter, certain gender-based stereotypes nonetheless exist. Also, the majority of respondents recognized the need for incorporating this subject matter into the curriculum and for organizing informal.
This paper presents the articulation of the concept of military culture based on specific contextual factors that contribute to the internal dynamics and interrelations of society and the armed forces. This time, these factors pertain to the value system that forms the basis of national culture, professional ethos, and other elements of military ceremony and rules of conduct that affect group cohesion and a sense of community. In addition, the paper presents theories of civil-military relations that have been used to interpret and analyse some characteristics of military culture. ; Artikulacija koncepta vojne kulture predstaviće se na osnovu određenih kontekstualnih faktora koji doprinose unutrašnjoj dinamici i međuodnosima društva i oružanih snaga. Ti faktori se ovaj put odnose na sistem vrednosti na kojima je utemeljena nacionalna kultura, profesionalni etos i druge elemente vojne ceremonije i pravila ponašanja koji utiču na grupnu koheziju i osećaj zajedništva. Takođe, u ovom radu će se predstaviti teorije civilno-vojnih odnosa koje su u svojim razmatranjima interpretirale i analizirale neka obeležja vojne kulture.
Corruption is a complex social, political and economic phenomenon, affecting the society on the whole. It undermines democratic institutions, decelerates the economic development, and contributes to the destabilization of the society. All spheres of the society may be affected by corruption, and numerous studies have showed that the defense and security sector is among the sectors which are the most susceptible to corruption. Fight against corruption is a true necessity of any democratic society and it is, at the same time, a prerequisite of reform changes, and building of transparent and accountable institutions. That is why the fight against corruption and the integrity building in the defense sector have found their place within NATO and partner countries. For these reasons, NATO partnership program has been developed, aiming to find optimal models of building the integrity and defense institutions, with reducing the corruption to minimum, and of maintaining or increasing the efficiency and the effectiveness of collective security.
Corruption is a complex social, political and economic phenomenon, affecting the society on the whole. It undermines democratic institutions, decelerates the economic development, and contributes to the destabilization of the society. All spheres of the society may be affected by corruption, and numerous studies have showed that the defense and security sector is among the sectors which are the most susceptible to corruption. Fight against corruption is a true necessity of any democratic society and it is, at the same time, a prerequisite of reform changes, and building of transparent and accountable institutions. That is why the fight against corruption and the integrity building in the defense sector have found their place within NATO and partner countries. For these reasons, NATO partnership program has been developed, aiming to find optimal models of building the integrity and defense institutions, with reducing the corruption to minimum, and of maintaining or increasing the efficiency and the effectiveness of collective security. ; Korupcija predstavlja složen socijalni, politički i ekonomski fenomen, koji utiče na društvo u celini. Ona podriva demokratske institucije, usporava ekonomski razvoj i doprinosi destabilizaciji društva. Korupcijom mogu biti pogođene sve sfere društva, a brojna istraživanja su pokazala da sektor odbrane i bezbednosti spada među sektore koji su najpodložniji korupciji. Borba protiv korupcije predstavlja stvarnu potrebu svakog demokratskog društva i, ujedno, preduslov je za reformske promene, izgradnju transparentnih i odgovornih institucija. Stoga su borba protiv korupcije i izgradnja integriteta u sektoru odbrane našli svoje mesto u okviru NATO i partnerskih zemalja. Iz tih razloga razvijen je i NATO partnerski program koji ima za cilj da pronađe optimalne modele izgradnje integriteta i odbrambenih institucija uz minimalizaciju korupcije, i očuvanje ili povećanje efikasnosti i efektivnosti kolektivne bezbednosti.
Due to the specific resources, available to all armies of the world within their stipulated missions, such armies play an important role in the fight against biological threats, especially the potentially most dangerous, bioterrorism. The real threat of misuse of biological agents and the possible consequences of asymmetric threats to public health, society, agriculture, economy and political stability has clearly been recognized in recent years. The Republic of Serbia is committed to giving its contribution to the global fight against this danger, given the experience it has in the care and treatment of infectious diseases, primarily of a zoonotic character that are present in our geographic area, as well as the response to crisis situations which create favorable conditions for the spread of infectious diseases. The Serbian Armed Forces and its capacities in the field of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear services, and its medical and veterinary services which have a long tradition and experience is ready to actively participate in the implementation of the measures of prevention and response in the case of biological threats contributing to the civilian community, medical services, and society as a whole in order to protect the life and health of the population. ; Usled posebnih izvora dostupnih svim armijama sveta u okviru ostvarenja svojih strateških zadataka, one igraju značajnu ulogu u borbi protiv bioloških pretnji, naročito onih potencijalno najopasnijih―bioterorizma. Danas postoji stvarna pretnja zloupotrebe bioloških agenasa čije bi posledice predstavljale asimetričnu pretnju javnom zdravlju, društvu, poljoprivredi, ekonomiji i političkoj stabilnosti, i ona je jasno prepoznata tokom nekoliko prethodnih godina. Republika Srbija je opredeljena da da svoj doprinos globalnoj borbi protiv ove opasnosti polazeći od iskustva koje ima u prevenciji i tretmanu zaraznih bolesti, prvenstveno onih sa životinjskim poreklom prisutnih u našoj geografskoj oblasti. Ona ima spreman odgovor i u kriznim situacijama koje stvaraju pogodne uslove za širenje zaraznih bolesti. Oružane snage Srbije sa svojim kapacitetima u hemijskoj, biološkoj, radiološkoj i nuklearnoj oblasti, kao i dugogodišnjom tradicijom i iskustvom u pružanju medicinskih i veterinarskih usluga, spremne su aktivno da doprinesu primeni mera prevencije i odgovora u slučaju bioloških pretnji, pomažući civilnoj zajednici, medicinskim službama i društvu u celini, sa ciljem zaštite života i zdravlja stanovništva.
