Suchergebnisse

On 1 April 2020, the Latvian fishing company SIA North Star and its owner Peteris Pildegovics initiated an investor-State arbitration against Norway (Peteris Pildegovics and SIA North Star v. Kingdom of Norway) at the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID). This case is not only Norway's first ever ICSID case, but also the first publicly known investor-State arbitration in which an operator of a fishing vessel has brought a claim against a coastal State for allegedly unlawful exercise of prescriptive and enforcement jurisdiction in relation to fisheries. The case raises intricate questions concerning the limits of jurisdiction ratione materiae and jurisdiction ratione personae of investment tribunals.

On October 3, 2018, the so-called "Arctic Five plus Five" concluded the Agreement to Prevent Unregulated High Seas Fisheries in the Central Arctic Ocean (CAOFA, CAOF Agreement or Ilulissat Agreement). The CAOFA establishes a precautionary framework for the regulation of fisheries in the high seas of the central Arctic Ocean (CAO), including a temporary moratorium on unregulated commercial fishing. The purpose of this debate article is not to discuss the CAOFA's provisions on fisheries as such, but to take a look at a number of interesting and novel provisions concerning the interests of indigenous and local communities, particularly with respect to incorporation of indigenous and local knowledge into science-based fisheries management in the CAO.

Im Oktober 2023 hat das Bundesministerium für Inneres und Heimat einen Entwurf für ein "Rückführungsverbesserungsgesetz" vorgelegt und diesen im November 2023 durch eine den Abgeordneten der Koalitionsfraktionen zur Verfügung gestellte Formulierungshilfe ergänzt. Letztere sah unter anderem eine Ausweitung der Strafbarkeit für das Einschleusen von Ausländern in einen EU- oder Schengen-Staat vor, die zur Folge gehabt hätte, dass auch eine altruistisch motivierte Hilfeleistung zur unerlaubten Einreise in einen EU- oder Schengen-Staat künftig unter Strafe stände. Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet die ursprünglich geplante Änderung des § 96 AufenthG aus strafrechtlicher Perspektive unter Berücksichtigung des völkerrechtlichen Rechtsrahmens und ordnet sie rechtspolitisch ein. Eingegangen wird abschließend auf die jüngsten Entwicklungen.

Intro -- Contents -- Regulating Vessel Discharges on the International and EU Level The Examples of Scrubber Washwater, Sewage and Ballast Water -- Abstract -- Keywords -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Discharges of Washwater from Exhaust Gas Cleaning Systems -- 2.1 International Regulation of Scrubber Washwater Discharges -- 2.1.1 Prohibition of Transfer and Transformation of Pollution -- 2.1.2 Annex VI to the MARPOL Convention -- 2.1.3 Convention on the Collection, Deposit and Reception of Waste Generated During Navigation on the Rhine and Other Inland Waterways -- 2.2 EU Legislation on the Discharge of Scrubber Washwater -- 2.2.1 Sulphur Directive -- 2.2.2 Directive on Port Reception Facilities -- 2.2.3 Marine Strategy Framework Directive -- 2.2.4 Water Framework Directive -- 2.2.5 Relationship between Applicable EU Directives -- 2.3 Relationship between Applicable International and EU Law -- 2.4 Concluding Observations -- 3 Discharges of Sewage -- 3.1 International Regulation of Sewage Discharges -- 3.1.1 Part XII of UNCLOS -- 3.1.2 Annex IV to the MARPOL Convention -- 3.1.3 HELCOM Convention -- 3.1.4 CDNI -- 3.2 EU Legislation concerning the Discharge of Sewage -- 3.2.1 MSFD, WFD and Directive on Port Reception Facilities -- 3.2.2 Relationship between Applicable EU Directives -- 3.3 Relationship between Applicable International Law and EU Law -- 3.4 Concluding Observations -- 4 Discharges of Ballast Water -- 4.1 International Regulation of Ballast Water Discharges -- 4.1.1 Obligation to Combat the Introduction of Harmful Alien Species -- 4.1.2 International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments -- 4.2 EU Legislation concerning the Discharge of Ballast Water -- 4.3 Relationship between Applicable International Law and EU Law -- 4.4 Concluding Observations -- 5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- List of References.