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This work approaches the modern phenomenon of online dating, examining the ways people make use of its technical and social potential. In particular, the users' mate preferences, choices, strategies, and interactions are analyzed using the innovative method of click-stream observations and web-questionnaire data. For the purpose of these analyses, two major theories are used - an explicit theory of individual mate choice, and the more general relational theory developed by Pierre Bourdieu, which helps to highlight the social structures both underlying and resulting from mating online. Results show that online dating is not a partner marker free from social structure, but that the traditional social conditions found offline are also reproduced in this virtual setting. In contrast to the picture drawn by media discourse and advertising, online dating represents a partner market which fulfills the promise of happiness in a socially differential way.

Although Pierre Bourdieu's works treated partnership formation, the processual and intersubjective character of mating and the gender-specific resources convoked in reciprocal evaluations and rating practices are blind spots in his perspective based on homophilous lifestyle preferences. Consequently, this article develops a framework of mating processes extending Bourdieu's theory and thereby provides a starting point for empirical assessments. Using data taken from a major German online dating provider, the article shows that, due to the dyadic nature of encounters, the pressure of self-presentation and choice and the high degree of competition between many potential partners, online dating is an ideal-type market that enables the detailed study of classificatory processes. Beginning with an elaboration towards a general model of reciprocal classification in mating, refining the Bourdieusian model of partnership formation, the paper explains the data's structure and its operationalization from methodological and methodical points of view. Finally, a simplified, empirical application of a model of classificatory mating practices is presented and discussed, suggesting that homogeneity (rather than homophily) is reinforced, not undermined, by the technical conditions of online interaction.

The topic of household division of labour has generated a considerable body of empirical research focusing on identifying determinants that can explain why the allocation of tasks has been persistently gendered for decades. Against the backdrop of couples' increasingly complex and diverse sociostructural compositions in modern Western societies, conceiving household division of labour as a heterogeneous and dyadic phenomenon is indispensable in understanding modern household practices, both in theoretical and empirical respects. In this article, we address these aspects by adopting an integrative stance drawing on theoretical approaches from household economics, social exchange, and gender and class theories. Based on a large-scale German actor-partner survey (pairfam), we use the model of dyadic classification, a finite mixture dyadic classification technique that takes into account relational interdependence between various traits of spouses and diverse tasks inside and outside the home. The study reveals different dyadic constellations hidden in common individualistic, unidirectional regression models.

This article develops an integrative perspective on the nexus between power and sociological research methods. By reflecting upon two of the most widely used methodological approaches in sociology – standardized survey research and qualitative interview research – we develop a comprehensive heuristic framework for examining the ways in which the use of sociological methods affects and intersects any social scientific practice: (1) the power effects that societies and institutional settings exert on methods and the use of methods, (2) power in the use and implementation of methods, and (3) the power effects that methods and the use of methods exert on societies and institutional settings.

Der Vergleich, obwohl eines der grundlegendsten Verfahren der Sozialwissenschaften, ist alles andere als eine unumstrittene Methode. Tatsächlich existiert nach wie vor ein enorm heterogenes Feld vergleichender Ansätze, die jeweils auf unterschiedliche intellektuelle Traditionen, verschiedenartige Verständnisse des "Vergleichens", spezifische Probleme und Forschungsstrategien bezogen sind. Verschiedene, auf ihre jeweilige Weise hochentwickelte komparative Forschungsrichtungen stehen so weitgehend unverbunden nebeneinander, wodurch letztlich analytische Potenziale verschenkt werden: ländervergleichende (häufig mit quantitativen Verfahren und erklärenden Zielsetzungen verknüpfte) Studien einerseits und kulturvergleichende (typischerweise mit qualitativen Verfahren und verstehend-hermeneutischen Anliegen verbundene) Ansätze andererseits. Die modernen Sozialwissenschaften sehen sich indes mit einer zunehmend komplexen globalen Wirklichkeit konfrontiert, die sich weniger als je zuvor adäquat auf der Grundlage einseitiger Referenzsysteme erfassen lässt. Vor diesem Hintergrund entwickeln wir in diesem Beitrag die Sozialraum- und Feldtheorie Pierre BOURDIEUs durch eine konsequent relationale Lesart in eine Richtung weiter, die es erlaubt, unterschiedliche Konzeptionen und Techniken des sozialwissenschaftlichen Vergleichs im Rahmen eines einheitlichen Bezugsrahmens zur Geltung zu bringen. Der Rückgriff auf diesen allgemeinen Bezugsrahmen eröffnet die Möglichkeit, nationale, internationale sowie transnationale Vergleiche anzustellen, ohne dabei die jeweiligen Referenzsysteme und die damit korrespondierenden Vergleichsentitäten essenzialisieren oder hypostasieren zu müssen. ; Comparison, as a fundamental operation in the social sciences, is anything but a clearly defined method. Rather, there is a highly heterogeneous field of comparative approaches with different intellectual traditions, ideas of "comparison," specific problems, and research strategies. In fact, different streams of comparative studies exist in parallel, ...

Der Vergleich, obwohl eines der grundlegendsten Verfahren der Sozialwissenschaften, ist alles andere als eine unumstrittene Methode. Tatsächlich existiert nach wie vor ein enorm heterogenes Feld vergleichender Ansätze, die jeweils auf unterschiedliche intellektuelle Traditionen, verschiedenartige Verständnisse des "Vergleichens", spezifische Probleme und Forschungsstrategien bezogen sind. Verschiedene, auf ihre jeweilige Weise hochentwickelte komparative Forschungsrichtungen stehen so weitgehend unverbunden nebeneinander, wodurch letztlich analytische Potenziale verschenkt werden: ländervergleichende (häufig mit quantitativen Verfahren und erklärenden Zielsetzungen verknüpfte) Studien einerseits und kulturvergleichende (typischerweise mit qualitativen Verfahren und verstehend-hermeneutischen Anliegen verbundene) Ansätze andererseits. Die modernen Sozialwissenschaften sehen sich indes mit einer zunehmend komplexen globalen Wirklichkeit konfrontiert, die sich weniger als je zuvor adäquat auf der Grundlage einseitiger Referenzsysteme erfassen lässt. Vor diesem Hintergrund entwickeln wir in diesem Beitrag die Sozialraum- und Feldtheorie Pierre BOURDIEUs durch eine konsequent relationale Lesart in eine Richtung weiter, die es erlaubt, unterschiedliche Konzeptionen und Techniken des sozialwissenschaftlichen Vergleichs im Rahmen eines einheitlichen Bezugsrahmens zur Geltung zu bringen. Der Rückgriff auf diesen allgemeinen Bezugsrahmen eröffnet die Möglichkeit, nationale, internationale sowie transnationale Vergleiche anzustellen, ohne dabei die jeweiligen Referenzsysteme und die damit korrespondierenden Vergleichsentitäten essenzialisieren oder hypostasieren zu müssen.

Open-ended questions are an important methodological tool for social science researchers, but they suffer from large variations in response quality. In this contribution, we discuss the state of research and develop a systematic approach to the mechanisms of quality generation in open-ended questions, examining the effects from respondents and interviewers as well as those arising from their interactions. Using data from an open-ended question on associations with foreigners living in Germany from the ALLBUS 2016, we first apply a two-level negative binomial regression to model influences on response quality on the interviewer and respondent level and their interaction. In a second regression analysis, we assess how qualitative variation (information entropy) in responses on the interviewer level is related to interviewer characteristics and data quality. We find that respondents' education, age, gender, motivation and topic interest influence response quality. The interviewer-related variance in response length is 36%. Whereas interviewer characteristics (age, gender, education, experience) do not have a direct effect, they impact on response quality due to interactions between interviewer and respondent characteristics. Notably, an interviewer's experience has a positive effect on response quality only in interaction with highly educated respondents.

In this article, we contribute to research on the reproduction of social inequality by emphasising the relevance of psyche in class-specific socialisation. For this purpose, we utilise the concept of habitus. Using representative survey data from the German National Education Panel Study (NEPS), we empirically address the psychic dimension of habitus formation in adolescents, and examine mechanisms of intergenerational transmission. In particular, we apply multiple correspondence analysis to construct a 'social space' of adolescents, including latent indicators of personality types as well as parents' class fractions. Our analysis shows that parents' social class is not only relevant for their children's manifest economic and cultural resources or their cultural practices, knowledge and skills (as research has repeatedly shown) but plays an important part in the development of what psychologists refer to as personality. However, whereas psychological research on intergenerational transmission tends to focus on the transfer of personality types, and most sociological research focuses on economic and cultural assets, habitus perspective emphasises the indirect route of transmission: the material foundation of emerging dispositional structures, and the cultural dimension of emerging material structures.