Suchergebnisse

In the context of the analysis of historical prerequisites, contemporary international and national normative legislation, scientific works of researchers, the issue of ensuring human rights and freedoms as a priority of the rule of law is revealed, the essence of the leading definitions of "law" and "freedom", which are the benchmarks for the deployment of the process, are highlighted. in Ukrainian society.The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence of protection of human rights and freedoms as a priority for the functioning of the rule of law and its institutions, the basis for legal education and the promotion of the rule of law among the population.The study found that the active integration into international law of international legal standards on human rights and freedoms began with the proclamation of independence and the adoption of a basic law – the Constitution of Ukraine, which secured the right of all categories of population to protect rights and freedoms, for the first time instead of a fragmentary set of rights and freedoms. The system of rights and freedoms was defined in all major spheres, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights and freedoms of man and citizen were envisaged.It is stated that today the category of "human rights and freedoms" is recognized in Ukraine, as well as in the world the normative and substantive basis for building relationships between the individual and the state, the society by which the limits of arbitrary actions and social opportunities of the person are regulated, institutional and regulatory and legal mechanisms of restrictive interaction between man and society.The basic rights and freedoms laid down in the normative documents of Ukraine are analyzed: the Criminal Code, Laws of Ukraine "On Freedom of Movement and Free Choice of Residence in Ukraine", "On Prevention of Domestic Violence", "On Transplantation of Organs and Other Human Anatomical Materials", "Fundamentals of Ukrainian legislation on health care", etc.The social purpose of special state institutes engaged in law enforcement activities is disclosed, in particular, the leading role of structures of law-enforcement bodies in ensuring human rights and freedoms is determined. It is proved that the priority of human rights and freedoms is an important guideline for the implementation of the state's law enforcement function. ; У статті в контексті аналізу історичних передумов сучасного міжнародного та вітчизняного нормативного законодавства досліджено питання забезпечення прав і свобод людини як пріоритету функціонування правової держави, висвітлено сутність провідних дефініцій "права" і "свободи", що становлять орієнтир для розгортання демократичних процесів в українському суспільстві. Проаналізовано суспільне призначення спеціальних державних інститутів, що здійснюють правоохоронну діяльність, зокрема, визначено провідну роль структур органів внутрішніх справ у забезпеченні прав та свобод людини. Доведено, що пріоритет прав і свобод людини є важливим орієнтиром для реалізації правоохоронної функції держави.

The objective of the investigation was to examine the content and specific characteristics of the ethical conduct of public officials in Ukraine and the world. To achieve the objective, the authors used the following methods: epistemological, comparative-legal, structural-functional, analytical, informative-analytical. Among the results of the article, it was possible to consider the ethical conduct of public servants in a broad and narrow sense. In the same way, the main requirements of the legislation that regulate the conduct of public servants have been analyzed and the conditions that standardize in detail the legal relationships in the field of professional activity of public servants, their relationships with each other and with citizens. Finally, everything allows us to conclude that a Code of Ethics for public servants establishes common rules of conduct for them and determines responsibility for their violation. To be effective, this regulatory legal act must also include the following obligations for public servants: requirements for the performance of official functions; requirements for advanced training; requirements for relationships with colleagues, managers, and subordinates; norms of communication with citizens and norms to resolve conflicting interests.

The purpose of this article is to define the role of law enforcement agencies in the system of protection of human rights and freedoms. The legal relations that arise during the activities of law enforcement agencies regarding the protection of human rights and freedoms were the subject of the study. Such methods of scientific cognition as dialectical, logical-semantical, formal-legal and analytical were used during the writing of the article. Through a series of research analyzes and comparisons, the definition of "law enforcement agencies" was provided. During the writing of this scientific work, the level of impact of effectively functioning law enforcement agencies on the entire system of protection of fundamental human and civil rights and freedoms was traced. It is stated that due to the multisectoral nature of activity of law enforcement agencies, their extensive system, etc., it is impossible to group them in one legislative act. The root cause for this is that all law enforcement agencies have different functions, different tasks, they do not have the same powers, and so on. It is emphasized that, regardless of the state in which they are located, law enforcement agencies (and especially their activities to ensure inalienable protected rights) will always be a model for a society as a whole. Hence the foundation of the widespread scientific thesis that the quality of law enforcement work in the field of protection and observance of constitutional rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of individuals is a direct reflection of the level of success and competence of all actors in society.