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This is a video of Joan Tronto's Keynote address at the Sexual Contract: 30 Years On conference held at the School of Law and Politics, Cardiff University on 10-11 May 2018.In her address, Tronto begins with Carole Pateman's insight in The Sexual Contract (1988) about the incapacity of contract to produce freedom and equality, and considers the possibilities for an alternative organisation of human relations based on care ethics. She observes that in the years since the publication of The Sexual Contract, neoliberalism has resulted in a rewriting of the sexual contract. Under neoliberalism, the entry of women into the labour market, the full commodification of women's work and increasing economic disparities between men have resulted in some women becoming 'honorary individuals', substantially autonomous of men, with the consequent disruption of both men's political and sexual domination of women. This process has, in turn, given rise to a violent, misogynist and antidemocratic backlash in the form of neopopulism, in which men who have lost out economically feel a sense of deprivation, blame women, and seek a return to earlier forms of patriarchal domination. Against this background, she argues, care ethics provides a means of rethinking democratic commitments. A more just allocation of caring responsibilities could lead to a caring democracy without a return to gender subordination.

Neoliberal policies around the globe have made caring more difficult. Yet, many scholars seem to have accepted neoliberalism as an inescapable reality. This article argues against this view. Instead, it suggests that care stands as a major alternative way to the neoliberal paradigm, both conceptually and historically. Formulating a conceptual account of people as homines curans (caring people) and drawing upon Polanyi's history of market ideologies, the article argues that a democratic form of care – which makes the reallocation of care responsibilities its central concern – can provide the basis for a theoretical challenge to neoliberalism.

This symposium offers a critical discussion of the logics and dynamics behind the new 'care circulation' perspective offered by Loretta Baldassar and Laura Merla in their edited volume entitled "Transnational Families, Migration and the Circulation of Care". This contribution praises the accuracy of this new perspective in family studies, but also reminds us of the continued relevance of the 'care chains approach', in particular as it locates the mobilities of care within debates around global justice. The contribution reflects on some of the blind spots that stem from the 'circulation' metaphor, and highlights in particular the need for the care circulation perspective to place transnational families not only in an institutional, but also a global political context. ; Aquest simposi ofereix una discussió crítica de les lògiques i dinàmiques entorn de la nova perspectiva de la «circulació de la cura» presentades per Loretta Baldassar i Laura Merla en el seu volum titulat Transnational Families, Migration and the Circulation of Care. Aquest comentari elogia la precisió d'aquesta nova perspectiva en els estudis sobre família, però alhora ens recorda la vigència de l'aproximació de les «cadenes globals», en la mesura que localitza les mobilitats de la cura dins dels debats entorn de la justícia global. La contribució reflexiona sobre alguns dels punts negres que sorgeixen de la metàfora de la «circulació» i subratlla en particular la necessitat de la perspectiva de la circulació de la cura per situar les famílies transnacionals no solament en un context institucional, sinó també en un context polític global. ; Este simposio ofrece una discusión crítica de las lógicas y dinámicas en torno a la nueva perspectiva de la «circulación del cuidado» presentadas por Loretta Baldassar y Laura Merla en su volumen titulado Transnational Families, Migration and the Circulation of Care. Este comentario elogia la precisión de esta nueva perspectiva en los estudios sobre familia, pero al mismo tiempo nos recuerda la vigencia de la aproximación de las «cadenas globales», en la medida que localiza las movilidades del cuidado dentro de los debates en torno a la justicia global. La contribución reflexiona sobre algunos de los puntos negros que surgen de la metáfora de la «circulación» y subraya en particular la necesidad de la perspectiva de la circulación del cuidado para situar a las familias transnacionales no solo en un contexto institucional, sino también en un contexto político global.

A partire dalla definizione di cura elaborata insieme a Berenice Fischer, si argomenta come la cura sia un importante strumento concettuale per qualunque genere di teoria politica. Ciň che diviene essenziale č un'analisi delle dimensioni della cura, delle dinamiche di potere insite in ogni relazione di cura, nonché del piů ampio contesto che modella tali preoccupazioni. L'articolo tratteggia, nello specifico, i caratteri essenziali del rapporto fra cura e politica democratica, che postula la ricerca di una riduzione delle asimmetrie nelle relazioni di cura. Affinché i cittadini democratici svolgano bene i compiti di cura e in un modo compatibile con la vita democratica, essi devono immaginarsi allo stesso tempo sia come soggetti che forniscono cura sia come soggetti che la ricevono. Il grande passo da compiere č dunque avvedersi che l'espressione to care significa sempre sia dare sia ricevere cura e solo quando ciň sarÀ stato pienamente compreso si sarÀ in grado di elaborare una teoria democratica davvero inclusiva che riconosca alla cura il suo giusto posto.

O propósito do cuidado deve ser tornar a sociedade a mais democrática possível, porém muitas relações de cuidado não são relações de igualdade. Neste artigo, a autora apresenta o esboço de algumas realidades que desafiam as instituições sociais e políticas vinculadas ao cuidado.

Spatial metaphors abound in feminist theory. The modest goal of this paper is to reassert the importance of temporal dimensions in thought for feminist thinking. In order to establish this general claim, several kinds of current thinking about time that are problematic for feminists are explored. First, the postmodern compression of time and space is considered from the standpoint of the changes it brings in the nature of care. Second, the privileging of the future over the past is considered in light of the problems it creates for thinking about justice for historical wrongdoing. Forgiveness and remembrance require an attention to the past.

Die Autorin stellt die Grundzüge einer 'feministischen Fürsorgeethik' (care ethic) dar, welche einen anderen Zugang zur Wohlfahrtsstaatsdebatte eröffnen sollen. Sie kritisiert den theoretischen Begriffsrahmen in der Sozialpolitik, der die Staatsbürger als bloße Empfänger von öffentlichen Leistungen betrachtet und die tatsächliche Bedürfnisstruktur des handelnden Menschen außer acht läßt. Die reproduktive 'Zuwendungsarbeit' (care work) von Frauen verlangt dagegen ein neues Verständnis des gesellschaftlichen und politischen Lebens im 21. Jahrhundert. Die Fürsorgeethik bietet einen wichtigen Ansatz, über sozialpolitische Alternativen nachzudenken, welche sich an den Grundsätzen der Autonomie, Reziprozität und Gleichheit orientieren. Die Autorin listet hierzu eine Reihe von Fragen auf, die sich aus den Elementen des Fürsorgebegriffs, den Konflikten und der Integration der Zuwendung sowie aus dem Kontext der Fürsorglichkeit ergeben. Abschließend diskutiert sie den allgemeinen Zusammenhang zwischen Zuwendung, Gerechtigkeit und Demokratie in modernen Gesellschaften. (ICI)