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Despite losing nearly 100 seats, Labour managed to increase its percentage of women MPs in parliament due to the success of all women shortlists (AWS). However, 35 AWS candidates were defeated. So was Labour penalised where it stood AWS candidates or was any backlash symptomatic of Labour's electoral predicament or the result of being a new candidate in a seat? Here we examine whether AWS candidates fared worse than other Labour candidates in the 2010 general election. Our findings suggest that AWS candidates suffered from being new candidates. Both AWS and non-AWS candidates in Labour-held seats fared significantly better than AWS and new candidates in non-held seats. But there was no significant difference in support between AWS and new non-AWS candidates standing in incumbent seats or between AWS and new candidates in non-held Labour seats. Put simply, there was no anti-AWS effect, even after taking account of incumbency status, in the 2010 general election. © 2012 Political Studies Association.

Using a latent class analysis, we identify distinct typologies of sports' consumers in England and then determine whether the socio-economic makeup of the latent classes resemble recent scholarly work across different cultural and leisure fields. The third part of the analysis provides a nuanced rigorous statistical evaluation of the subtle socio-economic differences between the active sports' clusters. Our analysis is unique with few studies, if any, identifying and then examining types of sports consumers in this way. The findings largely corroborate research in other cultural and leisure fields, although there are distinctive types of consumers' specific to sport along gender lines, and a group which consumes highbrow sports but when compared to other types of sports' consumers, do not exclusively come from the higher social strata. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.

Despite losing nearly 100 seats, Labour managed to increase its percentage of women MPs in parliament due to the success of all women shortlists (AWS). However, 35 AWS candidates were defeated. So was Labour penalised where it stood AWS candidates or was any backlash symptomatic of Labour's electoral predicament or the result of being a new candidate in a seat? Here we examine whether AWS candidates fared worse than other Labour candidates in the 2010 general election. Our findings suggest that AWS candidates suffered from being new candidates. Both AWS and non-AWS candidates in Labour-held seats fared significantly better than AWS and new candidates in non-held seats. But there was no significant difference in support between AWS and new non-AWS candidates standing in incumbent seats or between AWS and new candidates in non-held Labour seats. Put simply, there was no anti-AWS effect, even after taking account of incumbency status, in the 2010 general election. Adapted from the source document.

Despite losing nearly 100 seats, Labour managed to increase its percentage of women MPs in parliament due to the success of all women shortlists (AWS). However, 35 AWS candidates were defeated. So was Labour penalised where it stood AWS candidates or was any backlash symptomatic of Labour's electoral predicament or the result of being a new candidate in a seat? Here we examine whether AWS candidates fared worse than other Labour candidates in the 2010 general election. Our findings suggest that AWS candidates suffered from being new candidates. Both AWS and non-AWS candidates in Labour-held seats fared significantly better than AWS and new candidates in non-held seats. But there was no significant difference in support between AWS and new non-AWS candidates standing in incumbent seats or between AWS and new candidates in non-held Labour seats. Put simply, there was no anti-AWS effect, even after taking account of incumbency status, in the 2010 general election.

"Social networks are critical for the creation and consumption of music. An edited collection, Social Networks and Music Worlds introduces students and scholars of music in society through the core concepts and tools of social network analysis. The collection showcases their use by sociologists, historians and musicologists examining, in turn, the punk, jazz, folk, classical music, Riot Grrrl, indie acoustic, R&B and calypso scenes. An overarching introduction is provided by leading network scholar and cultural sociologist Nick Crossley. The collection builds upon insights from canonic texts in the sociology of music, with the crucial innovation of examining musical network interaction via formal methods. With network analysis in the arts and humanities at an emergent stage, Social Networks and Music Worlds highlights its possibilities for non-scientists. Contributions hail from leading and emerging scholars who present social network graphs to represent different music worlds, locating individuals, resources and styles within them. The collection sits at the nexus of sociological, musicological and cultural studies traditions. Its range should ensure a large scholarly readership"--Provided by publisher

Social network analysis is increasingly recognised as a useful way to explore music scenes. In this article we examine the individuals who were the cultural workforce that comprised the 'Britpop' music scene of the 1990s. The focus of our analysis is homophily and heterophily to determine whether the clusters of friendships and working relationships of those who were 'best connected' in the scene were patterned by original social class position. We find that Britpop's 'whole network' is heterophilic but that its 'sub-networks' are more likely to be social class homophilic. The sub-networks that remain heterophilic are likely to be united by other common experiences that brought individuals in the network to the same social spaces. We suggest that our findings on Britpop might be generalised to the composition of other music scenes, cultural workforces and aggregations of young people. Our study differs from research on, first, British 'indie music' and social class which focuses upon the construction, representation and performance of social location rather than the relationships it might shape and second, the pioneering social network analyses of music scenes which currently lack explicit emphasis on social class.

This research offers a unique opportunity to revisit the omnivore hypothesis under a unified method of cross-national analysis. To accomplish this, we interpret omnivourism as a special case of cultural eclecticism ( Ollivier, 2008 ; Ollivier, Gauthier and Truong, 2009 ). Our methodological approach incorporates the simultaneous analysis of locally produced and globally known musical genres. Its objective is to verify whether cultural omnivourism is a widespread phenomenon, and to determine to what extent any conclusions can be generalised across countries with different social structures and different levels of cultural openness. To truly understand the scope of the omnivourism hypothesis, we argue that it is essential to perform a cross-national comparison to test the hypothesis within a range of social, political and cultural contexts, and a reflection of different historical and cultural repertoires ( Lamont, 1992 ).

There has been for some time a significant and growing body of research around the relationship between sport and social capital. Similarly, within sociology there has been a corpus of work that has acknowledged the emergence of the omnivore–univore relationship. Surprisingly, relatively few studies examining sport and social capital have taken the omnivore–univore framework as a basis for understanding the relationship between sport and social capital. This gap in the sociology of sport literature and knowledge is rectified by this study that takes not Putnam, Coleman or Bourdieu, but Lin's social network approach to social capital. The implications of this article are that researchers investigating sport and social capital need to understand more about how social networks and places for sport work to create social capital and, in particular, influence participating in sporting activities. The results indicate that social networks both facilitate and constrain sports participation; whilst family and friendship networks are central in active lifestyles, those who are less active have limited networks.

This research offers a unique opportunity to revisit the omnivore hypothesis under a unified method of cross-national analysis. To accomplish this, we interpret omnivourism as a special case of cultural eclecticism (Ollivier, 2008; Ollivier, Gauthier and Truong, 2009). Our methodological approach incorporates the simultaneous analysis of locally produced and globally known musical genres. Its objective is to verify whether cultural omnivourism is a widespread phenomenon, and to determine to what extent any conclusions can be generalised across countries with different social structures and different levels of cultural openness. To truly understand the scope of the omnivourism hypothesis, we argue that it is essential to perform a cross-national comparison to test the hypothesis within a range of social, political and cultural contexts, and a reflection of different historical and cultural repertoires (Lamont, 1992).

The final, definitive version of this paper has been published in Sociological Research Online, 21/3, 2016 by SAGE Publications Ltd, All rights reserved. © The Author(s). ; This research offers a unique opportunity to revisit the omnivore hypothesis under a unified method of cross-national analysis. To accomplish this, we interpret omnivourism as a special case of cultural eclecticism (Ollivier, 2008; Ollivier, Gauthier and Truong, 2009). Our methodological approach incorporates the simultaneous analysis of locally produced and globally known musical genres. Its objective is to verify whether cultural omnivourism is a widespread phenomenon, and to determine to what extent any conclusions can be generalised across countries with different social structures and different levels of cultural openness. To truly understand the scope of the omnivourism hypothesis, we argue that it is essential to perform a cross-national comparison to test the hypothesis within a range of social, political and cultural contexts, and a reflection of different historical and cultural repertoires (Lamont, 1992).

"This is the first book to define and explore the geopolitical economy of sport - the intersection of power, politics, money and state interests that both exploit and shape elite sport around the world. Russia's invasion of Ukraine, the global response and the consequent ramifications for sport have put the geopolitical economy of sport front and centre in both public debate and academic thinking. Similarly, the Winter Olympics in Beijing and the FIFA World Cup in Qatar illustrate the political, economic and geographic imperatives that shape modern sport. This book brings together case studies from around the world to describe this new geopolitical economy of sport, from the way in which countries use natural resource revenues, accusations of sport washing, the deployment of sport for soft power purposes, to the way in which sport has become a focus for industrial development. From the Gulf States' interests in European soccer to Israel seeking to build a national competitive advantage by positioning itself as a global sports tech start-up hub, and the United States continuing to extend its economic and cultural influence through geopolitical sport activities in Africa, Latin America, and the Indian subcontinent. This book captures a pivotal moment in the history of sport and sport business. This is essential reading for any student, researcher, practitioner or policy maker with an interest in sport business, the politics of sport, geopolitics, soft power, diplomacy, international relations or international political economy"--

Intro -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Contributors -- Acknowledgements -- 1. Introduction -- 2. A Brief History of the FIFA World Cup as a Business -- Introduction -- The World Cup in Historical Perspective -- Early History of the World Cup -- Development of the World Cup as a Mega-event -- Product Development: The Women's FIFA World Cup -- Other Versions: U-17, U-20 and Beach Football -- Conclusion: The Nature of the World Cup as a Business -- References -- 3. Bidding and Hosting Decisions -- Introduction -- Bidding Processes for the World Cups -- FIFA World Cup (Men's) -- FIFA World Cup (Women's) -- FIFA World Cup (U20) -- Bidding Processes Reform -- FIFA World Cup (Men's) -- FIFA World Cup (Women's) -- FIFA World Cup (U20) -- What Distinguishes a Successful Bid from not Successful Ones? -- The Future of Bidding and Hosting -- References -- 4. Politics and Geopolitics in Staging the FIFA World Cup: What Is at Stake for the Hosting Nations? -- Introduction -- The Domestic Politics of Hosting the World Cup -- Developing a strong nation -- Fostering a strong regime -- Restructuring the public space -- Leaving long-term legacies -- Case Study: China, the future of football? -- Hosting a World Cup: Take the Risk or Lose the Chance? -- Limited tangible effects -- International spotlight: A poisoned gift for the host country? -- White elephants: The difficulties behind long-term legacies -- Civil society: The main opponent of the World Cup? -- Conclusion -- References -- 5. Diplomacy, International Relations, Soft Power and the FIFA World Cup -- Introduction -- World Cup Bidding: Process and Action -- The Diplomacy of World Cup Hosting -- Conclusion: Bidding and Hosting in Diplomacy -- References -- 6. Competition Design of the FIFA World Cup -- Introduction -- FIFA Men's World Cup Qualifiers -- Africa (CAF) -- Asia (AFC).