Suchergebnisse

The China-EU Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI) is a balanced, high-level, and mutually beneficial investment agreement. It not only sets up a new legal framework for China-EU economic and trade relations, but also provides stability for China-EU bilateral relations in an uncertain world experiencing major changes.

Although long governed by "Dillon's Rule" that makes localities a "creature" of the state, the U.S. municipalities have always desired some degree of local autonomy. One of the ways in which states grant autonomy to local governments is through a designation of "home rule." Most prior studies of the effects of home rule on local governance have focused on relating large municipalities. This article explores the effect of adopting home rule on small municipalities by looking at municipalities' revenues. Focusing on Illinois municipalities, this article conducts a fuzzy regression discontinuity design to provide causal evidence. The empirical evidence shows that the adoption of home rule has a positive and statistically significant impact on the level of total own-source revenue, especially for local sales taxes and other taxes, but it has limited influence on property taxes. In addition, while home rule significantly increases revenue diversification for small municipalities, it has little influence on revenue stability.

Under the background of the new media era, teenagers, especially college students, have pushed the new media to a blowout development trend. This provides opportunities and challenges for the development of Ideological and political education in Colleges and universities. Inter subjectivity ideological and political education is the frontier issue in the discipline of Ideological and political education, which embodies the Marxist theory of subject human and the Marxist concept of communication practice. In the era of new media, the research on the ideological and political education among the main bodies of colleges and universities is a reasonable choice to conform to the trend of the times. Ideological and political education in Colleges and universities can be effectively developed on the platform of new media.

The "Authorization Exercise Procedure" is a device that concerns all doctors with diplomas outside the European Union. It was introduced in 2007 by law "CMU of 27 July 1999", supplemented by "Law of Social Security Financing" of 21 December 2008, amended by the Law "2012-157 of 1 February 2012", The last law concerned, was No. 2016-1888 of 28 December 2016 on the modernization, development and protection of mountain territories, put an end to the regularization of these doctors. Since the implementation of Law 2012-157 from 1 February 2012 to the end of 2016, the Fiscal Authorization Procedure has 26,562 registrations and 14,647 presentations, of which 4866 were received in the Knowledge Verification Exercise Authorization Procedure. We examined the results of the Knowledge Verification tests with in-depth analyzes. Between 2012 and 2016, List A received the highest number of candidates for the Knowledge Test, 21123 registrations, 10007 presentations. The success rate of List A varies between 15% and 19%, knowing that List A is a list that collects all newcomers, the Knowledge Testing tests for this list is a competition. List B received 562 entries, including 413 entries between 2012 and 2016 with a pass rate of 24% to 41%. The tests for this list are in the form of an examination. List C received 4877 entries, of which 4,227 entries between 2012 and 2016 and the success rate is 56% to 80%. List C is also an examination that gathers all the doctors with diplomas outside the European Union who are already established in France. We have observed that the disappearance of the list C is partly due to the device of the Exercise Authorization Procedure which allows the regularization of the doctors with diploma outside the European Union. Law 2012-157 of February 1, 2012, which modifies the conditions and the perimeter of participation of the candidates in the tests of verification of the Knowledge is one of the causes of transfer of the candidates from List A to List C. Finally, the doctors registered on the board ...

The "Authorization Exercise Procedure" is a device that concerns all doctors with diplomas outside the European Union. It was introduced in 2007 by law "CMU of 27 July 1999", supplemented by "Law of Social Security Financing" of 21 December 2008, amended by the Law "2012-157 of 1 February 2012", The last law concerned, was No. 2016-1888 of 28 December 2016 on the modernization, development and protection of mountain territories, put an end to the regularization of these doctors. Since the implementation of Law 2012-157 from 1 February 2012 to the end of 2016, the Fiscal Authorization Procedure has 26,562 registrations and 14,647 presentations, of which 4866 were received in the Knowledge Verification Exercise Authorization Procedure. We examined the results of the Knowledge Verification tests with in-depth analyzes. Between 2012 and 2016, List A received the highest number of candidates for the Knowledge Test, 21123 registrations, 10007 presentations. The success rate of List A varies between 15% and 19%, knowing that List A is a list that collects all newcomers, the Knowledge Testing tests for this list is a competition. List B received 562 entries, including 413 entries between 2012 and 2016 with a pass rate of 24% to 41%. The tests for this list are in the form of an examination. List C received 4877 entries, of which 4,227 entries between 2012 and 2016 and the success rate is 56% to 80%. List C is also an examination that gathers all the doctors with diplomas outside the European Union who are already established in France. We have observed that the disappearance of the list C is partly due to the device of the Exercise Authorization Procedure which allows the regularization of the doctors with diploma outside the European Union. Law 2012-157 of February 1, 2012, which modifies the conditions and the perimeter of participation of the candidates in the tests of verification of the Knowledge is one of the causes of transfer of the candidates from List A to List C. Finally, the doctors registered on the board ...

The "Authorization Exercise Procedure" is a device that concerns all doctors with diplomas outside the European Union. It was introduced in 2007 by law "CMU of 27 July 1999", supplemented by "Law of Social Security Financing" of 21 December 2008, amended by the Law "2012-157 of 1 February 2012", The last law concerned, was No. 2016-1888 of 28 December 2016 on the modernization, development and protection of mountain territories, put an end to the regularization of these doctors. Since the implementation of Law 2012-157 from 1 February 2012 to the end of 2016, the Fiscal Authorization Procedure has 26,562 registrations and 14,647 presentations, of which 4866 were received in the Knowledge Verification Exercise Authorization Procedure. We examined the results of the Knowledge Verification tests with in-depth analyzes. Between 2012 and 2016, List A received the highest number of candidates for the Knowledge Test, 21123 registrations, 10007 presentations. The success rate of List A varies between 15% and 19%, knowing that List A is a list that collects all newcomers, the Knowledge Testing tests for this list is a competition. List B received 562 entries, including 413 entries between 2012 and 2016 with a pass rate of 24% to 41%. The tests for this list are in the form of an examination. List C received 4877 entries, of which 4,227 entries between 2012 and 2016 and the success rate is 56% to 80%. List C is also an examination that gathers all the doctors with diplomas outside the European Union who are already established in France. We have observed that the disappearance of the list C is partly due to the device of the Exercise Authorization Procedure which allows the regularization of the doctors with diploma outside the European Union. Law 2012-157 of February 1, 2012, which modifies the conditions and the perimeter of participation of the candidates in the tests of verification of the Knowledge is one of the causes of transfer of the candidates from List A to List C. Finally, the doctors registered on the board ...

2011/2012 ; Fossil energy sources are non-renewable being an irreplaceable endowment produced from millennia of biological and geological processes, which means that on the human time-scale they cannot be naturally regenerated and are only available in a finite amount on earth. Scientific and technological data concerning renewable fuels are exponentially growing and in parallel the governments are more and more attracted by these more sustainable energy sources. Overall, solar energy is the most abundant and easily available renewable resource which, however, has its own problems such as neither constantly available nor distributed equally over the surface of the globe. Hydrogen and various bio-fuels, such as bio-ethanol, biodiesel or biogas, have the potentiality to store the solar energy, playing a crucial role in the development of future renewable energy strategies. Nevertheless, as a general comment, it is very difficult and expensive to harness enough power from them to match the effectiveness of non-renewable resources. Thus, it is a big challenge to develop new and high efficient approach to improve the efficiency in production and use of these renewable resources. Nanotechnology is a key area that can help solving this issue. In fact, by using the tools offered by nanotechnology, it is possible to obtain tailored nanostructured catalytic materials that show remarkably better performance than that currently achievable even with state-of- the-art materials. The fields of catalysis, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis and photoelectron- catalysis are all examples of where nanotechnology is deeply impacting on current science, and in particular in energy related applications. The main focus of this PhD thesis is on nanotechnology applied to material science to enhance the performances of various on two important energy-related processes: namely the Fuel Cells (especially the Direct Alcohol Fuel Cell - DAFC) and the hydrogen production process. The H2 production processes include the electrochemical H2 production approach (the water electrolysis technique) and the photocatalytical H2 production approach (the photocatalytic decomposition of water into H2 technique). In the both the energy conversion processes, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNTA) architectures were used as substrates and the Palladium (Pd) nanoparticles (NPs) were used as supported nanocatalysts. Therefore the most important results in this thesis are the design, realization, functional testing and characterization of supported Pd nanocatalysts on various TiO2 substrates with tailored and well-defined structures, in addition their use for energy-related applications, which are organized as follows: In the Chapter 1, the general principles of the fuel cells technique; the electrolysis technique; the TNTA substrate architecture and the principles of photocatalytic processes for H2 production are outlined or described in details. In addition, the development status and the preparation strategies of catalysts for the alcohol electrochemical oxidation are introduced in this chapter. In the chapter 2, an overview of the main characterization techniques is reported, all of which have been used in this thesis, in order to study the reactivity and the morphological and chemical properties of the samples. The aim of the present chapter is not that of providing exhaustive information about all the techniques. Rather, it is expected to furnish to the reader the main elements to better appreciate the results obtained and described in the following chapters of this thesis. Since the catalytic performance of the nanocatalysts can be finely turned by their shape, which determines surface atomic arrangement and coordination. In the chapter 3,we report a novel method of metal NPs modification, denoted as Electrochemical Milling and Faceting (ECMF), by which large supported Pd NPs (35 nm) of low-index facets supported on TNTA substrate can be milled into many small NPs (7 nm) with some HIF or high density of step atoms. By this approach, the catalytic activity of supported Pd NPs was enhanced by an order of magnitude to the ethanol electrooxidation, and was even 3 times higher than the highest value reported so far. This new approach to the synthesis of HIF-Pd NPs allows one to control metal loading, particle size and surface structure, independently from each other. Furthermore, in a practical catalytic system, such as the DAFC; the electrolysis system and the photocatalytical H2 production system, the electrochemical activity of the supported catalysts is not the only one parameter which needs to be concerned about, the other parameters for the whole test system's establishment such as the selection and preparation of the substrate material also need to the carefully optimize. In the chapter 4, a new type of Ti network substrate with the TNTA on top was prepared and introduced into the DAFC test system and also used in the electrolysis and photocatalytical H2 production process. This kind of substrate solved the typical problems of the DAFC such as the fuel solution diffusion limitation and the stability of the as supported catalysts drop during the large current density discharge. It was also proved to be a good choice as the substrate for the Photocatalytic decomposition of alkaline ethanol aqueous into H2, which showed good performances of the H2 photochatalytic evolution. Chapter 5 is the conclusion of my PhD thesis. The results clearly demonstrate the novelty and the advantage of the present approach for the obtainment of active and stable electrochemical catalysts for the DAFC and the electrolysis system, and also represent an important step forward in the exploration of new active nanosystems for the conversion of solar light into storable chemical energy. All the findings greatly contributed to the development of catalytic materials for energy-related applications. ; XXV Ciclo ; 1983

"Regionally circulated popular culture is now an indispensable part of the average East Asian's daily life. The magnitude, dynamics, and wide spatial coverage of the cultural "flow" signify its potential to become a powerful vehicle for bringing to life the 1998 ASEAN-Plus-Three Summit's vision statement on an integrated East Asian community. Yet the creative industry-produced popular culture flows and the resulting immense number of intra-regional contacts at the people-to-people level may also trigger instantaneous and massive nationalist responses to any imported cultural program. The impact of cross-border popular cultural flows on East Asians' competing national selves, and the potential of translating pleasure from popular cultural consumption into regional integration urges are thus issues carrying political significance and consequence for East Asia, and possibly with serious repercussions on the world. To contribute towards a comprehensive understanding of the junction between the ever dense cross-border cultural traffic and an incipient East Asian identity, this edited volume brings together eleven scholars from eight countries to explore interactions of popular cultural flows, state politics, audiences' receptions, and public debates in Singapore, Malaysia, Japan, Indonesia, Korea, Vietnam and China, and across the region as a whole. These investigations provide fresh conceptual and empirical insights into the study of the dynamic and complex interface of cultural adaptation, political identification and regional identity formation in the pop cultural consumption process in East Asia"--