The refugee crisis is a global problem that needs serious attention. Responsibility-sharing is a core tenet of international responses to refugee crises. However, global governance, within the framework of the global refugee regime, is often practically ineffective to respond such problems. In this aspect, conceptual evaluation and reform are needed. In this particular momentum, civil society groups are able to be involved, in both performance evaluation and framework formulation related to global governance on refugees. One of the formal form of civil society is a non-governmental organization (NGO). Amnesty International is one of the NGOs involved in the process of evaluating and reforming global governance on refugees. This article aims to find out the form of Amnesty International's involvement in global governance on refugees. This study used descriptive-qualitative method. The findings in this article are that Amnesty International has a direct involvement in order to evaluate and to reform the global governance framework related to refugees through the 2016 UN High Summit for Refugee and Migrant. This involvement was demonstrated through performance evaluations and proposals for more genuine responsibility-sharing, both at the conceptual and technical level. Amnesty International in this involvement pursued an agenda that has two dimensions, namely: the dimension of institutional evolution and the agenda dimension.
Problem of Food emerged as a Non-Traditional Secuirty (NTS) issue in the aftermath of the Cold War and was identified as one of the seven pillars of human security by the 1994 UNDP Report 'New Dimensions' in Security. Food security as 'the means for all people at all times to have both physical and economic access to basic food' and that food security is an entitlement. When the shortages food supply in a country, it will be an increasing the conflict civil society, so the stability of the state security being disrupted. The availability of adequate food supplies could become the core of social contact in all the country's political system.The food crisis in Venezuela resulted in civil conflict be increased. Venezuela is the world's oil producing countries but due to falling world oil prices, then became distracted State reception system. The political system came along with the economic crisis makes Venezuela in the worst condition.This economic crisis makes Venezuela experienced a food crisis, so many societies suffered famine and looting food even do violence to gain access the food. Finally, the conflict civil society occur due to the food crisis and the stability of the State security becomes disrupted. In this paper using descriptive analysis method that describes the relationship of food security in Venezuela that can be disrupt the stability of State security. In this paper, using the perspective of Food Securitization.This isbased on a change in the subject of security not only on military issues but the extension of the concept security including the threat of food security within a country. Food can be utilized as a political weapon by states and can be characterized as a form and symbol of political power.
Abstract: Through political education of women are expected to know and understand the rights and obligations as citizens, so that women have a significant role in developing democracy and intelligent in determining political attitudes. It is time women are placed as the subject in the political arena, not solely as a political object, which appears to be merely exploit them for elite interests or political party. Conditions, due to a lack of political education for women. For that a good political education, are expected to materialize the political role of women in the life of society, nation and the state towards the realization of a democratic civil society and justice. Thus the urge strengthening women's political rights should be increased primarily through the regulation / legislation in favor of women. Empowerment of women in various aspects of social life and civic culture, very urgent to increase women's political role.
Urgent actions that need to examined agenda now is how to efforts to improve the community political participation, particularly relating to the role of civil society. Paradigm shift from state centered become society centered give a higher probability to the community to continue to and to develop the democracy in this country. As part of national components, youth cannot escape from political and evasive, for all people including the youth is zoon politicon or political creature. Youth becomes one of targets in goals in any election and general election. This is because the youth often still floating, so that it becomes rebutan for candidates and political parties who fought in elections / general election. Besides, focus examined in this post is the role of karangtaruna. Karangtaruna have strong relationships with youths, where are the early karangtaruna can be followed by a youth.The organization has any important to gain political participation of youth.
The development of science and technology gives the impact in the change of perspective and activities of citizens in communicating. Cyberspace phenomenon or called the virtual world would result in narrowing space, time, and distance so that they are connected to each other. Increasingly internet users in Indonesia need to be utilized as a container in expressing interests, critics and be a public discussion space. As citizens, Internet political activism needs to be positioned as demos for countervailing and supervising the state. In the democracy aspect, the utilization of internet technology becomes a solution for civil society movement. Penetration by social media users in the cyberspace is able to encourage the deliberation of democratic values such as voluntarism, egalitarianism, or networking in contemporary democratic conditions. This paper aims to deepen and add insight about the role of Cyberspace as the form of Internet Political Activism in Indonesia. The method of this research is library research by collecting some related references. Thus, it will improve the knowledge about the role of Cyberspace as the form of internet political activism in Indonesia.
AbstractBuilding a city area is similar in building a family. In the community, a family is the basic level and the smallest component of the region. Character of the head of the family greatly affects the cha-racter of a family, just as the same as the character of the leader to his or her community. This con-dition could be as the same as a condition to a region. A leader's character in a community or re-gion will greatly influence in executing the process of a power and running the procedure of the go-vernance. Governance has three components, such as public governance for government institu-tions, corporate governance for private and civil society (community). To achieve good governance condition, the new developments have to build for all of the components. The good governance's goal is to achieve a balance condition among all of the components. Everyone should know what has been doing among them and understand the differences among them. Through that process, ho-pefully the consensus and the synergy will grow among them. Keywords: Leader, Power, Community
Abstract : This study is about PKDRT law. It gives us information that domestic violence is a real thing that happens in our society, especially in Kudus. On the one hand, civil society actually has a formula to prevent the authority and rights of their family life with PKDRT (legal elimination of domestic violence) law. On the other hand, the government has a responsibility to eliminate violence, force and coercion in family life as referred to in 11, 12 and 13 of Law No. 23 of 2004. But the most important thing is that the courage of society to show concern and the seriousness of the government to take action when violence occurs. This research shows that domestic violence is a result of power imbalance between the weak dan the strong in our society where many women that represent the weak became a victim. Abstrak : Penelitian ini adalah tentang hukum PKDRT. Ini memberi kita informasi bahwa kekerasan dalam rumah tangga adalah hal nyata yang terjadi dalam masyarakat kita, terutama di Kudus. Di satu sisi, masyarakat sipil sebenarnya memiliki formula untuk mencegah wewenang dan hak-hak kehidupan keluarga mereka dengan PKDRT (penghapusan hukum kekerasan dalam rumah tangga) hukum. Di sisi lain, pemerintah memiliki tanggung jawab untuk menghapus kekerasan, kekuatan dan pemaksaan dalam kehidupan keluarga sebagaimana dimaksud dalam 11, 12 dan 13 Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004. Tapi yang paling penting adalah bahwa keberanian masyarakat untuk menunjukkan perhatian dan keseriusan pemerintah untuk mengambil tindakan saat terjadi kekerasan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kekerasan dalam rumah tangga adalah hasil dari ketidakseimbangan kekuatan antara lemah Dan yang kuat dalam masyarakat kita di mana banyak wanita yang mewakili lemah menjadi korban.
The research about the women parliament candidacy based on problems, theory, methodology and researchanalysis being utilized by the researcher aims at 1) unveiling affirmative action policy in accordance to the2003 Public Election regulation (UU) and the 2008 political party regulation that are suitable policy along withefforts to enhance women representativeness in parliament within regional autonomy framework; 2) elaboratingpolitical party supports towards quota fulfillment process of 30 percent in line with the 2009 public electionregulation; 3) describing and criticizing mass media roles in the process of the political communication of womencandidates of DKI Jakarta Province in 2009; 4) discovering and exploring quality of the political communicationof women candidates of DKI Jakarta Province 2009; 5) highlighting women efforts and struggles regarding theregulation of political quota and regional autonomy are so-called 'counter hegemony' movement. Paradigmused in the research is critical paradigm with Gramcsian analysis model. Theory and concept of this research areAntonio Gramcsi's thoughts; hegemony-counter hegemony, political network alliance, political communication,radical feminism, mass media in the New Marxist perspective (Gramcsian) and regional autonomy concept.The research uses qualitative approach with case study method and feminist research as well as equipped bymethod of the Gramcsian-Marxist analysis. Results and discussion of the research argue that women have beenundergoing marginalization both culturally and structurally in the political realm resulting in injustice of theirrepresentativeness in parliament. The notion becomes rooted in the social structure and system and has been goingas a cultural system which is patriarchy system. The women altogether have to establish and belong to a solidnetwork alliance to give pressure towards the government; those are in power and the state in order to transformconditions of women representativeness in parliament. They are therefore expected to have bargaining positionthat is balanced or even stronger with the state. The position is needed by women in that they can compete withmen and create broader opportunity by which they achieve it by the release of the 2009 political party regulationand the running of the regional autonomy regulation. In the Gramcsi's concept, the equality of bargaining positionbetween women movement, represented as civil society and the state represented as political community highlylikely produce conceptual/intellectual and practical clashes to establish new hegemony whose consequence isto prosper woman community and broader civil society as well as political community. In this phase, Gramcsinames it as 'counter hegemony' movement in which women can present themselves and bear new hegemony afterwinning the conceptual war against the old hegemony. The women's struggles to run candidacy of The 2009 DKIregional election took a form of 'counter hegemony'. The effort was undertaken so that the women can owe highbargaining position in politics that is influenced by the other power namely mass media. The need to supports ofmedia industry is inevitable. Media industry, as institution having capital ideology, might highly possible be usedby women movement/ the civil. In addition, women can take benefits from media to assist struggles of 'counterhegemony'. As a consequence, the women's struggles of counter hegemony are complicated to do due to partialand incomprehensive efforts. The women political candidates of DKI Jakarta possess resistant movement spirit orfighting movement to transform cultural values of patriarchy especially in politics. In this notion, it is evident thatemancipation ideology is not effective to strengthen the movement unless it is as communal vision and missionfrom elements of struggles that can produce women great energy to achieve their goals. The energy is no other than'collective will' considered as fighting ideology which is necessary therein fighting ideas of women have constantand significant energy.Keywords : regional autonomy, political communication, Gramcsian Analysis, women parliament candidacydkijakarta 2009)
To run the bureaucratic engine, the position and role of the State Civil Apparatus as an element of the state apparatus has a considerable contribution in determining the success of National Development, both physical and non-physical. This is based on the fact that the State Civil Apparatus is the backbone of the country, so that the national goal of creating a just and prosperous society based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution is largely determined by the implementation of tasks imposed on the State Civil Apparatus. To realize these ideals, state apparatus are needed that are always consistent and consistent, clean, responsible, future-oriented and have a spirit of service and professionalism in the administration. This study aims to find out the influence of education and training on the performance of state civil apparatus. The method used in this study is product moment correlation analysis, simple linear regression analysis and analysis of determination. Based on the results of the analysis of determination, it can be seen that the Effect of Education and Training on State Civil Apparatus Performance is 86.86%. This means that there are 13.14% more than Education and Training affecting the Performance of the State Civil Apparatus in the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency. Thus, the hypothesis in this study is acceptable to the truth, namely "if Education and Training is getting better, the performance of the State Civil Apparatus in the Regional Financial Management and Asset Agency will also be better".
This paper deals with the existence of customary courts in Aceh in the national judicial system. From formal-juridical perspective, the existence of customary courts is not clearly stated; however, the practices of community have indicated that most of civil disputes and criminal offenses were resolved by the customary courts in Aceh. The question relates to such issues as administration of Aceh customary courts, duties of functionaries in this customary courts, and its existence within the national judicial system. This paper shows that, although the local government of Aceh does not legally include customary court as one of the state official justices, this kind of court has been sociologically recognized in resolving disputes that occur in the society. Furthermore, the local government of Aceh has codified it in the form of qānūn (legal code). ; This paper deals with the existence of customary courts in Aceh in the national judicial system. From formal-juridical perspective, the existence of customary courts is not clearly stated; however, the practices of community have indicated that most of civil disputes and criminal offenses were resolved by the customary courts in Aceh. The question relates to such issues as administration of Aceh customary courts, duties of functionaries in this customary courts, and its existence within the national judicial system. This paper shows that, although the local government of Aceh does not legally include customary court as one of the state official justices, this kind of court has been sociologically recognized in resolving disputes that occur in the society. Furthermore, the local government of Aceh has codified it in the form of qānūn (legal code).
Management of human resources in the Human Resources Personnel Agency (BKSDM) is very important to do in an effort to address strategic issues and challenges of changes and developments in the external environment that occur, especially to improve service in the field of personnel, especially for the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) within the District Government Sumenep. The purpose of this research was to find out the management of human resources at the Sumenep Regency Human Resources Agency (BKSDM). This study uses descriptive research design with a qualitative approach. The sample or informant in this study is divided into three, first is the key informant; the key informant in this study was the Head of the Sumenep Regency Human Resources Agency (BKSDM), the second was the main informant; who became the main informant in this research are employees or the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) Sumenep Regency Human Resources Agency (BKSDM). The third is additional informants; namely society. The Sumenep Regency Human Resources Personnel Agency (BKSDM) to develop and manage its human resources is very good, where it has been shown by sending delegates from employees to attend training activities, seminars and training.
Religious and cultural pluralism in society can initially Posoacculturation establish the values among migrants with indigenous peoples,on further developments, have taken place between the social disintegrationAmong of them, as a result of the escalation of conflicts horizontal, for a variety of interestsgrowing, especially the expansion of economic and political institutions apparatussecurity. (Military and police) and religious and cultural pluralism imagedas a zone of still volatile, so that the imaging strengthen. The existence of a conflict region as a market force.A balanced division of strategic positions in government withrepresenting Christian and Muslim communities should be governed by clearlocal regulation and other rules or mechanisms in mind The conflict became a powerful issue. The security forces should be acting professionally make Indonesia secure and peaceful, the circulation of the various means of violence, such as firearms and bombs in Indonesia also business security forces in the conflict zone is security indicators are not handled in a professional manner. On the other hand required maximum effort and courage attitude of the government, especially the law enforcement agencies to bring those involved in cases of corruption and military violence should be given a participation in the strengthening of base- civil basis, such as combating corruption and strengthening peace program division of tasks and functions of a clear distinction between the security forces and society civilians can help realize a peaceful ofIndonesia
