Suchergebnisse

With the rapid development of industry and manufacturing, emissions of the most environmentally harmful substances are increasingly, leading to more unfavourable climate change. For this reason, it is necessary to ensure a more efficient use of non-renewable resources and reduce negative impact on the environment in manufacturing processes. In this context, it is very important to promote equipment and plant linked to cleaner technology investment which can reduce negative impact on the environment, but it is still unclear what determinants of cleaner technology investment in manufacturing sector are. Therefore, it is appropriate to investigate manufacturing sector's investment in cleaner technology determinants. The object for this work is factors for manufacturing sector investment in cleaner technologies. The aim for this paper is to identify factors for investment in cleaner technologies in the European Union. Research objectives: 1. To overview relevance of science researches related to investment in cleaner technologies. 2. To identify the factors of investment from a theoretical point of view. 3. To prepare a methodology for empirical research of factors influencing manufacturing sector investment in cleaner technologies. 4. To determine the factors for manufacturing sector investment in cleaner technology in the in the European Union through an empirical study. Research methods: analysis of scientific literature, regression analysis of statistical data and synthesis method. Based on the analysis of the problem in the first part, it has been identified that the manufacturing sector needs to introduce and invest in cleaner technologies. Second part concentrated on theoretical analysis of factors of investment. Results showed that that the main factors that may affect the manufacturing sector's investment in cleaner technologies in the European Union are environmental taxes, leverage of companies, electricity price uncertainty, energy consumption, public support, public education, inflation, GDP growth, CO2 ...

In order to assess how Baltic region electricity power sector may change in the future, depending on the different fossil fuel prices and European Union's carbon dioxide emission reduction objectives, prospective analysis was carried out. In this Master's theses existing research on prospective development of Baltic region power sector was reviewed. Also analysis was carried out on the current electricity sector situation in 9 Baltic region countries (Denmark, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Finland, Sweden, Germany). Analysis of Baltic region coutries' power sector prospective development is based on created mathematical optimization model using MESSAGE software. In this work there is a detailed description of modelling principles. 4 possible scenarios were analysed by using created mathematical optimization model: low, medium and high fossil fuel price scenarios and a scenario with removed restrictions in which there are no limitations on construction of new nuclear power plants and EU's CO2 emission reduction targets are not considered. Time period from 2016 to 2045 was simulated. Simulation results of 4 different scenarios are presented for Baltic region as a whole and for each country individually.

In order to assess how Baltic region electricity power sector may change in the future, depending on the different fossil fuel prices and European Union's carbon dioxide emission reduction objectives, prospective analysis was carried out. In this Master's theses existing research on prospective development of Baltic region power sector was reviewed. Also analysis was carried out on the current electricity sector situation in 9 Baltic region countries (Denmark, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Finland, Sweden, Germany). Analysis of Baltic region coutries' power sector prospective development is based on created mathematical optimization model using MESSAGE software. In this work there is a detailed description of modelling principles. 4 possible scenarios were analysed by using created mathematical optimization model: low, medium and high fossil fuel price scenarios and a scenario with removed restrictions in which there are no limitations on construction of new nuclear power plants and EU's CO2 emission reduction targets are not considered. Time period from 2016 to 2045 was simulated. Simulation results of 4 different scenarios are presented for Baltic region as a whole and for each country individually.

In order to assess how Baltic region electricity power sector may change in the future, depending on the different fossil fuel prices and European Union's carbon dioxide emission reduction objectives, prospective analysis was carried out. In this Master's theses existing research on prospective development of Baltic region power sector was reviewed. Also analysis was carried out on the current electricity sector situation in 9 Baltic region countries (Denmark, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Finland, Sweden, Germany). Analysis of Baltic region coutries' power sector prospective development is based on created mathematical optimization model using MESSAGE software. In this work there is a detailed description of modelling principles. 4 possible scenarios were analysed by using created mathematical optimization model: low, medium and high fossil fuel price scenarios and a scenario with removed restrictions in which there are no limitations on construction of new nuclear power plants and EU's CO2 emission reduction targets are not considered. Time period from 2016 to 2045 was simulated. Simulation results of 4 different scenarios are presented for Baltic region as a whole and for each country individually.

In order to assess how Baltic region electricity power sector may change in the future, depending on the different fossil fuel prices and European Union's carbon dioxide emission reduction objectives, prospective analysis was carried out. In this Master's theses existing research on prospective development of Baltic region power sector was reviewed. Also analysis was carried out on the current electricity sector situation in 9 Baltic region countries (Denmark, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Finland, Sweden, Germany). Analysis of Baltic region coutries' power sector prospective development is based on created mathematical optimization model using MESSAGE software. In this work there is a detailed description of modelling principles. 4 possible scenarios were analysed by using created mathematical optimization model: low, medium and high fossil fuel price scenarios and a scenario with removed restrictions in which there are no limitations on construction of new nuclear power plants and EU's CO2 emission reduction targets are not considered. Time period from 2016 to 2045 was simulated. Simulation results of 4 different scenarios are presented for Baltic region as a whole and for each country individually.

This scientific study examines the concept of dynamic security in penitentiary institutions in Lithuania. The current practice of dynamic supervision and its implementation in Lithuanian penitential institutions is systematically analyzed. This research is based on both generalized international standards and practice, and empirical data collected within the framework of targeted research. The data were obtained directly by the researcher visiting individual penitentiary institutions and conducting a semi-structured interviews with the personnel. The research study analyzes the current dynamic security model and the legal regulation of dynamic supervision introduced in Lithuania. The study focuses also on the discussion on the functions of dynamic supervision officers and the assessment of their readiness to perform dynamic supervision. The research allowed to provide targeted recommendations for different stakeholders: policy makers, legislators and to the Department of Prisons and penitentiary institutions for improvement of regulation and for further development and implementation of the concept of dynamic security in the Lithuanian penitentiary system.

This scientific study examines the concept of dynamic security in penitentiary institutions in Lithuania. The current practice of dynamic supervision and its implementation in Lithuanian penitential institutions is systematically analyzed. This research is based on both generalized international standards and practice, and empirical data collected within the framework of targeted research. The data were obtained directly by the researcher visiting individual penitentiary institutions and conducting a semi-structured interviews with the personnel. The research study analyzes the current dynamic security model and the legal regulation of dynamic supervision introduced in Lithuania. The study focuses also on the discussion on the functions of dynamic supervision officers and the assessment of their readiness to perform dynamic supervision. The research allowed to provide targeted recommendations for different stakeholders: policy makers, legislators and to the Department of Prisons and penitentiary institutions for improvement of regulation and for further development and implementation of the concept of dynamic security in the Lithuanian penitentiary system.

This scientific study examines the concept of dynamic security in penitentiary institutions in Lithuania. The current practice of dynamic supervision and its implementation in Lithuanian penitential institutions is systematically analyzed. This research is based on both generalized international standards and practice, and empirical data collected within the framework of targeted research. The data were obtained directly by the researcher visiting individual penitentiary institutions and conducting a semi-structured interviews with the personnel. The research study analyzes the current dynamic security model and the legal regulation of dynamic supervision introduced in Lithuania. The study focuses also on the discussion on the functions of dynamic supervision officers and the assessment of their readiness to perform dynamic supervision. The research allowed to provide targeted recommendations for different stakeholders: policy makers, legislators and to the Department of Prisons and penitentiary institutions for improvement of regulation and for further development and implementation of the concept of dynamic security in the Lithuanian penitentiary system.

This scientific study examines the concept of dynamic security in penitentiary institutions in Lithuania. The current practice of dynamic supervision and its implementation in Lithuanian penitential institutions is systematically analyzed. This research is based on both generalized international standards and practice, and empirical data collected within the framework of targeted research. The data were obtained directly by the researcher visiting individual penitentiary institutions and conducting a semi-structured interviews with the personnel. The research study analyzes the current dynamic security model and the legal regulation of dynamic supervision introduced in Lithuania. The study focuses also on the discussion on the functions of dynamic supervision officers and the assessment of their readiness to perform dynamic supervision. The research allowed to provide targeted recommendations for different stakeholders: policy makers, legislators and to the Department of Prisons and penitentiary institutions for improvement of regulation and for further development and implementation of the concept of dynamic security in the Lithuanian penitentiary system.

Due to the different historical and geographical environment, economic and political conditions, the state of European countries' education systems is uneven. Comparing the effectiveness of countries' education systems is a difficult multi-criteria optimization task. This study proposes the methodology for effectiveness estimation of 29 European countries' education systems by applying the Composite Indicator (CI) paradigm. Given that the results of SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) aggregations can be replicated by DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis), the CIs should be constructed using the DEA model. In the context of the CIs construction, we expect a high discrimination power to enable the construction of rankings, but the DEA model showed limited discrimination power in this study. Two alternative ways to enhance discrimination power of the DEA model are analyzed – the use of weight restrictions in the DEA model and the reduction of data dimension before the DEA model. The main contribution of this study is the development of a new type of weight restriction that allows gradual transition from fixed to flexible weighting systems and solves the problem of insufficient discrimination of the DEA model. The use of hybrid PCA-DEA approach for effectiveness assessment has been investigated in this study. Despite the fact that this model has a higher discrimination power than the unrestricted DEA model when assessing the European countries' education systems, it has remained insufficient to perform ranking of the countries analysed. According to the research, the methodology for effectiveness estimation of education systems was proposed.

Due to the different historical and geographical environment, economic and political conditions, the state of European countries' education systems is uneven. Comparing the effectiveness of countries' education systems is a difficult multi-criteria optimization task. This study proposes the methodology for effectiveness estimation of 29 European countries' education systems by applying the Composite Indicator (CI) paradigm. Given that the results of SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) aggregations can be replicated by DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis), the CIs should be constructed using the DEA model. In the context of the CIs construction, we expect a high discrimination power to enable the construction of rankings, but the DEA model showed limited discrimination power in this study. Two alternative ways to enhance discrimination power of the DEA model are analyzed – the use of weight restrictions in the DEA model and the reduction of data dimension before the DEA model. The main contribution of this study is the development of a new type of weight restriction that allows gradual transition from fixed to flexible weighting systems and solves the problem of insufficient discrimination of the DEA model. The use of hybrid PCA-DEA approach for effectiveness assessment has been investigated in this study. Despite the fact that this model has a higher discrimination power than the unrestricted DEA model when assessing the European countries' education systems, it has remained insufficient to perform ranking of the countries analysed. According to the research, the methodology for effectiveness estimation of education systems was proposed.

Due to the different historical and geographical environment, economic and political conditions, the state of European countries' education systems is uneven. Comparing the effectiveness of countries' education systems is a difficult multi-criteria optimization task. This study proposes the methodology for effectiveness estimation of 29 European countries' education systems by applying the Composite Indicator (CI) paradigm. Given that the results of SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) aggregations can be replicated by DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis), the CIs should be constructed using the DEA model. In the context of the CIs construction, we expect a high discrimination power to enable the construction of rankings, but the DEA model showed limited discrimination power in this study. Two alternative ways to enhance discrimination power of the DEA model are analyzed – the use of weight restrictions in the DEA model and the reduction of data dimension before the DEA model. The main contribution of this study is the development of a new type of weight restriction that allows gradual transition from fixed to flexible weighting systems and solves the problem of insufficient discrimination of the DEA model. The use of hybrid PCA-DEA approach for effectiveness assessment has been investigated in this study. Despite the fact that this model has a higher discrimination power than the unrestricted DEA model when assessing the European countries' education systems, it has remained insufficient to perform ranking of the countries analysed. According to the research, the methodology for effectiveness estimation of education systems was proposed.

Due to the different historical and geographical environment, economic and political conditions, the state of European countries' education systems is uneven. Comparing the effectiveness of countries' education systems is a difficult multi-criteria optimization task. This study proposes the methodology for effectiveness estimation of 29 European countries' education systems by applying the Composite Indicator (CI) paradigm. Given that the results of SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) aggregations can be replicated by DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis), the CIs should be constructed using the DEA model. In the context of the CIs construction, we expect a high discrimination power to enable the construction of rankings, but the DEA model showed limited discrimination power in this study. Two alternative ways to enhance discrimination power of the DEA model are analyzed – the use of weight restrictions in the DEA model and the reduction of data dimension before the DEA model. The main contribution of this study is the development of a new type of weight restriction that allows gradual transition from fixed to flexible weighting systems and solves the problem of insufficient discrimination of the DEA model. The use of hybrid PCA-DEA approach for effectiveness assessment has been investigated in this study. Despite the fact that this model has a higher discrimination power than the unrestricted DEA model when assessing the European countries' education systems, it has remained insufficient to perform ranking of the countries analysed. According to the research, the methodology for effectiveness estimation of education systems was proposed.

Due to the different historical and geographical environment, economic and political conditions, the state of European countries' education systems is uneven. Comparing the effectiveness of countries' education systems is a difficult multi-criteria optimization task. This study proposes the methodology for effectiveness estimation of 29 European countries' education systems by applying the Composite Indicator (CI) paradigm. Given that the results of SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) aggregations can be replicated by DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis), the CIs should be constructed using the DEA model. In the context of the CIs construction, we expect a high discrimination power to enable the construction of rankings, but the DEA model showed limited discrimination power in this study. Two alternative ways to enhance discrimination power of the DEA model are analyzed – the use of weight restrictions in the DEA model and the reduction of data dimension before the DEA model. The main contribution of this study is the development of a new type of weight restriction that allows gradual transition from fixed to flexible weighting systems and solves the problem of insufficient discrimination of the DEA model. The use of hybrid PCA-DEA approach for effectiveness assessment has been investigated in this study. Despite the fact that this model has a higher discrimination power than the unrestricted DEA model when assessing the European countries' education systems, it has remained insufficient to perform ranking of the countries analysed. According to the research, the methodology for effectiveness estimation of education systems was proposed.

Due to the different historical and geographical environment, economic and political conditions, the state of European countries' education systems is uneven. Comparing the effectiveness of countries' education systems is a difficult multi-criteria optimization task. This study proposes the methodology for effectiveness estimation of 29 European countries' education systems by applying the Composite Indicator (CI) paradigm. Given that the results of SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) aggregations can be replicated by DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis), the CIs should be constructed using the DEA model. In the context of the CIs construction, we expect a high discrimination power to enable the construction of rankings, but the DEA model showed limited discrimination power in this study. Two alternative ways to enhance discrimination power of the DEA model are analyzed – the use of weight restrictions in the DEA model and the reduction of data dimension before the DEA model. The main contribution of this study is the development of a new type of weight restriction that allows gradual transition from fixed to flexible weighting systems and solves the problem of insufficient discrimination of the DEA model. The use of hybrid PCA-DEA approach for effectiveness assessment has been investigated in this study. Despite the fact that this model has a higher discrimination power than the unrestricted DEA model when assessing the European countries' education systems, it has remained insufficient to perform ranking of the countries analysed. According to the research, the methodology for effectiveness estimation of education systems was proposed.