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Where I live, there seem to be two kinds of space. There is new space, in which none of the buildings are more than about ten years old, and there is old space, in which most of the buildings are at least twenty years old, a lot of them over ninety years old, and all are more or less dilapidated. Patrick Keiller begins his 1998 essay The Dilapidated Dwelling with a concise and simple description of the issues he raises in both the essay and the film to which it relates, The Dilapidated Dwelling, 2000. In both film and word Keiller's description of the UK's physical infrastructure at the turn of the millennium was both depressingly evident and in need of explanation. Continuing in the vein of his most famed films London, 1994, and Robinson in Space, 1997, The Dilapidated Dwelling is narrated by an invisible voice that probes the peculiarities of the economic, political and social conditions of late 20th century Britain through the prism of its infrastructure, urban blight and, in particular, its housing. The narrator, a woman is recalled to Britain after two decades in the Arctic investigates 'the predicament of the house', discovering that the most recent advances in industrial manufacture have left the house building industry practically untouched. By contrast, changes to the global economy and the emergence of the digital age have conspired to create wealth that has seen the market price of the existing, dilapidated housing stock skyrocket. Revisiting the ideas of Constant, Buckminster Fuller and Archigram she discusses the anomalies of housing supply and demand that have allowed some to escape housing poverty and yet leave millions in 'dilapidated dwellings'. To coincide with the the launch of its three year project Housing – Critical Futures, Architecture, Media, Politics, Society, is republishing Keiller's essay and re-showing his film. The essay is reprinted from Keiller's recent book, The View From the Train, Vesro, 2013; and the film is shown as part of a one day series of film screenings and debates about the effects of housing on issues of public health, Housing, Health and Film. Screened at the Bluecoat Chambers Art Gallery, Liverpool, the film is accompanied by debates from architects, filmmakers and public health officials.

This dissertation aims to propose a general theory of disintegration. This subject is not treated directly by some theoretical accounts and mistreated by others. European integration theories are fashioned to explain the greater integration process while game-theoretic approaches to withdrawals and secessions, even if treating disintegration directly, fail to include critically responsible factors. This dissertation offers a constructive criticism of both accounts. Since neither turning integration theories symmetrically around nor direct, game-theoretic assessment of disintegration help to provide sufficient explanation, it is suggested that the problem of symmetrical reversal and rational conduct must be revised. Disintegration fails to follow the rules suggested by symmetrical reversal of integration. Therefore, it requires independent theoretical account which would pay attention to new, unique factors. Many withdrawal and secession games include these factors but at the price of paralysis of conduct. This dissertation's argument is that these new factors should be identified and described narratively in order to understand why this conduct becomes troublesome. It is suggested that the problem is located in uncertainty about payoffs' value and nature. Since actors of disintegration game bargain over different issues rather than upon integration and since these issues often assume non-quantifiable values, disintegration becomes qualitatively different from integration, integration theories prove to be unfit, and game-theoretic accounts need more cautious application. Case studies introduced in three structures of analysis – states, intergovernmental organizations and the European Union – aim to test and confirm subsequent elements of the proposed theory. The constructive criticism of both integration theories and withdrawal/secession games aim to make the general theory of disintegration applicable to many different forms of political structure. As a conclusion, this dissertation points out strengths of this new account on disintegration and encourages researchers to further extend its framework. The theory can help policymakers to understand negotiations better and to learn how to accommodate the risk. Academic researchers should be able to provide reliable analyses so that public opinion is not be shaped by the fear of the unknown and misinterpreted.

Within our contemporary context, one of the greatest challenges facing humanity, is the inability to provide sustainable, decent and equitable living conditions for the populations in condition of displacement and emergency. Although the capacity of solving global social and political crisis goes beyond the task of architecture, it is essencial that contemporary architects adopt a critical attitude towards the vulnerabilities in the design and production of dignified habitat for those sectors in need. The current refugee crisis, challenges in spatial terms, the response capacity of architecture to the necessity of shelter, not just in physical terms, but also through the creation of atmospheres that provide security, well-being and hope for those in condition of displacement. Therefore, the architectural reasearch is oriented to the conception of ephemeral dwelling mechanisms for refugees justified under the criteria of humanizing the architectural space, by recognizing the totality of the condition of the human as an individual and a social being. In this sense, the architectural proposal, despite its ephemeral character seeks to empower the user through individual expression and the entire community through social interaction.

A detached copy. ; In Journal of the Royal Institute of British Architects . London, 1900. vol. VII, 3d ser. no. 11. ; Effects of injudicious legislation, by J. Honeyman.--Block dwellings: The associated and self-contained systems, by H. Spalding.--The later Peabody buildings, by W.E. Wallis.--The rebuilding of the boundary street estate, by O. Fleming.--Discussion. ; Mode of access: Internet.

The dwelling problem in Colombia involves state policies, financial issues, internal economy, cultural aspects, displacement problem that causes violence and poverty, society values, among others. The State attitude towards dwelling deficit, the banks participation, private builders and politicians intervention through history, are some of the arguments considered in a problem that affects more than 10% of the nation inhabitants. ; El problema de la vivienda en Colombia involucra una diversidad de elementos: políticas estatales, asuntos fiscales, la economía interna, condiciones culturales, el desplazamiento al que induce la violencia y la pobreza, los valores de nuestra sociedad, entre otros. La actitud del Estado ante el déficit en vivienda, la intervención de los bancos, de los constructores y los políticos –en un problema que afecta a más del 10% de la población nacional–, son algunos de los temas expuestos en este texto.

People all over the globe are experiencing unprecedented and often hazardous situations as environments change at speeds never before experienced. This edited collection proposes that anthropological perspectives on landscape have great potential to address the resulting conundrums. The contributions build particularly on phenomenological, structuralist and multi-species approaches to environmental perception and experience, but they also argue for incorporating political power into analysis alongside dwelling, cosmology and everyday practice. The book's 13 ethnographically rich chapters explore how the material and the conceptual are entangled in and as landscapes, but it also looks at how these processes unfold at many scales in time and space, involving different actors with different powers. Thus it reaches towards new methodologies and new ways of using anthropology to engage with the sense of crisis concerning environment, movements of people, climate change and other planetary transformations. Dwelling in political landscapes: contemporary anthropological perspectives builds substantially upon anthropological work by Tim Ingold and others, which emphasises the ongoing and open-ended, yet historically conditioned ways in which humans and nonhumans produce the environments they inhabit. In such work, landscapes are understood as the medium and outcome of meaningful life activities, where humans, like other animals, dwell. This means that landscapes are neither social/cultural nor natural, but socio-natural. Protesting against and moving on from the proverbial dualisms of modern, Western and maybe capitalist thought, is only the first step in renewing anthropology's methodology for the current epoch, however. The contributions ask how seemingly disconnected temporal, representational, economic and other systemic dynamics fold back on lived experience that are materialised in landscapes.

The problem of radon in dwellings gained importance in 1984 after an incidence in Pennsylvania, USA; thereafter several measuring techniques have been developed and national survey programs were started throughout the world for monitoring radon levels by government authorities. The lots of work have done by researchers in this field throughout the world. Several developed countries have given guidelines for initiating action to reduce radon levels if found beyond permissible level. The main aim of this article to provide public awareness about the health hazards posed by radon, which is naturally occurring invisible inert gas in the dwellings that is not be detected by human senses.

The current situation in the real estate market in Lithuania is favourable for real estate developers. Dwelling prices in Vilnius are much lower than those in other EU member‐states. However, the rate of their increase is one of the highest in the European Union. At the end of 2003, one of the causes of the purchasing boom was the anticipated rise in real estate prices, when Lithuania was gradually integrating into the European Union. The growing income of the real estate sector and high profit attracted more and more companies to real estate market. But the situation in the real estate market has changed. Therefore, to protect the investments in real estate, customers should carefully select the investment projects, paying special attention to reliability and competence of project developers. The analysis of financial indicators of six specially selected project developers made by the authors allowed them to state that not all real estate developers in the market are reliable and able to satisfy liability claims because they may face solvency problems. In some cases, indicators even warn about a threat of bankruptcy for a company. In addition to objective factors influencing the market, such as the conditions of crediting, the economic development of the state, standard of living of the population, migration, etc., some negative effects play an important role in the process of price rising. Authors analyzed the difference in price between the cheapest and most expensive dwellings in different segments of real estate market in Vilnius, Lithuania. Būsto rinkos analizė Vilniuje Santrauka Dabartine situacija nekilnojamojo turto rinkoje yra palanki nekilnojamojo turtoįmonėms‐ nekilnojamojo turto rinkosdalyviams. Būsto kainos Vilniuje yra gerokai žemesnes nei analogiško būsto kainos senosiose EuroposSąjungosšalysenarėse, o pastaraisiais metaiskainųaugimas ‐ vienas sparčiausiu lyginant su ES. 2003 m.kainųaugimo bumas netgi buvo siejamas suįstojimoiEuroposSąjungalūkesčiais. Augančios nekilnojamojo turto rinkos pajamos ir didelis pelnasInekilnojamojo turto rinka pritraukia vis daugiau naujuįmonių. Kad apsaugotu savo investicijasInekilnojamąjįturtą,pirkėjaituri atidžiai rinktis investicinius projektus, ypatingadėmesįskirdami projektoplatintojukompetencijai.Autoriųatliktasesiųpasirinktuįmonių, investuojančiuIVilniaus nekilnojamojo turto rinka, lyginimas leidžia teigti, kad toli gražu ne visos analizuotosįmonespajėgiosįvykdytisavo prisiimtus sutartiniusįsipareigojimus. Atskiri rodikliai tam tikra prasme gali byloti ir apieįmonesbankrotopavojų. Be objektyviu veiksniu, darančiuįtakanekilnojamojo turto rinkai (tokiu kaip kreditavimosąlygos, šalies ekonomikosplėtra, visuomenes gyvenimo būdo standartai, migracija ir pan.),įvairusnepalankūs veiksniai taip pat daro nemažaįtakakainųaugimui rinkoje,todėlautoriai analizuoja skirtingu būsto segmentukainųskirtumus Vilniaus nekilnojamojo turto rinkoje,jųkitimui darančiusįtakaveiksnius ir tendencijas. First published online:18 Oct 2010

The Greek traditional dwellings of the Cyclades epitomize sustainable design principles to create optimum comfort environment. This paper evaluates specific traditional dwelling type in terms of its response to climate and thermal comfort based on passive design principles that could be adapted to current architectural practice in the area, in order to optimize the relationship between site, building and climate. This study especially deals with building envelope (walls and roofs: construction materials, type of insulation), that demonstrate sustainable design principles. The paper discusses relevance of the study in the context of the integrated energy and climate change policy of the European Union. Finally, the study is important from the point of socio-cultural identity and regional character of the Cyclades, which are under preservation status as per law.

The new ventilation regulations in England and Wales have introduced performance criteria for the control of mould. The UK Government\'s Building Regulations Research Programme has funded University College London (UCL) to investigate the extent to which these are the most appropriate criteria for thecontrol of mould in UK dwellings. This paper reports on the plans for this study which involve both field and laboratory related work. Some initial early work has already been undertaken and the paper summarises the progress to date. This initial work is based on analysis of data from a national study of England\'s Home Energy Efficiency scheme (Warm Front). Surveys were undertaken of dwellings and households participating in the scheme in five urban areas. Half-hourly living room and main bedroom temperatures and relative humidity measurements were recorded for two to four weeks (in the heating season) in approximately 1600 dwellings. This data is being analysed to investigate the typical relativehumidities that exist in UK dwellings and also any relationship that exists between these levels and the mould growth that was recorded.

Poor indoor air quality has been implicated in the increase in allergic and respiratory diseases seen in industrialized countries in recent decades. Although air pollution in the workplace is well studied, much less is known about the consequences of poor air quality in homes. In an attempt to halt or slow down the increase in allergic and respiratory diseases, the European Federation of Allergy and Airways Diseases Patients Associations (EFA) carried out the EU-funded project entitled 'Towards Healthy Air in Dwellings in Europe' (THADE). The aims were to: compile an overview of evidence-based data about exposure to indoor air pollution and its health effects, particularly in relation to allergies, asthma and other respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; review cost-effective measures and technology to improve indoor air quality; review legislation and guidelines on indoor air pollution; produce maps of pollutants in dwellings; and recommend an integrated strategy that defines appropriate indoor air quality policies for implementation in Europe. This paper summarizes the information about air quality in dwellings and indoor environment-related diseases collected by expert consultants within the framework of THADE and terminates with recommendations for actions aimed at improving air quality in homes. The results of this project confirmed that air pollution in dwellings is a relevant health problem. It is a complex problem that must be addressed at European and international levels, and it involves the medical profession, scientific societies, patients' organizations, lawmakers, architects and the building industry. The complete THADE report is available at http://www.efanet.org/activities/documents/THADEReport.pdf

The increasing polarization of sustainability debates has enhanced the need for designers to re-engage with the politics of sustainable futures. This paper particularly explores these debates in (Flemish suburban) dwelling contexts, where sustainable development strategies such as densification and depaving trigger conflicts between dwellers, policy-makers, designers and organisations. We researched how a design anthropological approach could enable design researchers to go beyond polarization by collaboratively researching the politics of how dwelling futures are being shaped in people's everyday lives. We particularly explored the co-production, curation and reworking of dwelling patterns as an approach that can combine the situated approach of design anthropology and the dialogical approach of participatory design in engaging with the politics of everyday dwelling and dwelling futures. ; This study was supported by ERA-NET Cofund Smart Urban Futures(ENSUF), Urban Europe, 2017-2019 and by the Special Research Fund(BOF) of Hasselt University. Our research was developed in the frameworkof the CAPA.CITY project. We would like to thank all the partners of theproject, we would like to especially thank Thomas Lomm ee for its collabora-tion and for supporting us to develop the prototyping toolkit via the opensource system OpenStructures

The term "nomad" was originally applied to hunter-gatherer communities, or early pastoralists who had to travel as a useful strategy to exploit scarce resources. Today, mass migration resulting from political instability, rapid urbanization across the world, and unprecedented individual economic mobility among young professionals has emerged as a new nomadic norm. As for many digitization has allowed us to be anywhere at any time essentially changing how we interact with space, place and the concept of time. Yet as the urban planner and renowned author of The Civic City in a Nomadic World, Charles Landry put it, "there is a desire for belonging, distinctiveness and identity." In contemporary internet culture the term "digital nomad" has emerged to describe people whose source of income (which may come from a range of creative and more traditional jobs) is not tied to a single physical location or workplace and have leveraged this opportunity to travel extensively. The author proposes to explore the intersection between the traditional Bedouin nomadic tribes in Jordan with the influx of digital nomadism in the region connected to the increasingly economically vital tourism industry. Currently Wadi Rum desert attracts wealthier middle- aged western tourists who camp for a week at most. To attract the younger digital generation, Jordan must provide unique experiences, and one option is getting a glimpse of a Bedouin nomad's lifestyle. For this proposal digital access is a primary need while traditional tourist facilities like resort style accommodations are a secondary consideration. The author seeks to reimagine the western idea of "durability" where it does not equal structural permanence and fixity, but rather structural performance, and adaptability. The use and misuse of materiality and negotiating traditional textiles with modern approaches to design, will allow for optimal performance and a fresh new aesthetic. This project isn't merely as a design that addresses escapism by discovering the world through travel, or a historical study of traditional Bedouin construction, but rather a unique design scenario that fosters commonalities between people of vastly different racial, economic and social backgrounds and reconsiders the notion of home, ownership, community and permanence.

The Heideggerian question posed here as "what does it mean to dwell in a global age" leaves open, invites even, the possibility of committing two conceptual mistakes from which, depending on the theoretical universe we inhabit, two separate sets of problems arise. On the one hand, if the adverbial "in a global age" is taken to denote a radical historical caesura between "our age" and the age in which the concept was first deployed, one has to prove that the caesura is indeed not only historically operative but legitimate on an ontological level. This would, however, be a futile attempt: there hardly exists an essential, qualitative difference between the ontological regime of "our global age" and the one sketched in Heidegger's 1954 essay "Building Dwelling Thinking." We have not been blessed by any epochal turns, despite important switches – to move for a second to a different register—in regimes of accumulation. Thus, it may be concluded, the ontological question about the state of "dwelling in a precarious age" has already been posed and answered by Heidegger himself—from an ontological perspective, he is our contemporary. And of course, to such question there can in fact be only one answer: it is the same "metaphysics" that has precluded the possibility of "dwelling" (initiated a "denial of dwelling" as it is put here) throughout modernity that gave rise to our age as global. But then to avoid the mistake sketched out above and the repetition of an already accomplished analysis, the question as it is posed for us here ("what does it mean to dwell in a global age") should be taken as a politicization of the original concept, foreign to a puritanically ontological Heideggerian diagnostics, although building on its foundations: what is to be done historically at this moment to enter "dwelling"?

Global problems such as depletion of natural resources and local challenges such as affordability of homes have enforced our society to commute to a more sustainable development. This has led to the Flemish energy legislation "EPB" which called for a more energy efficient upgrade of our Flemish housing stock. However, the high focus on energy-efficiency induced new problems such as increased material use by wrapping up the building envelope with large quantities of additional materials and techniques which also led to higher building costs. Moreover, typically the whole building is considered as a climatized volume throughout the year, regardless of seasonal changes because user behavior and living patterns are seldomly taken under consideration by designers. Therefore, the aim of this research is the development of an innovative, sustainable dwelling concept that offers a dynamic internal environment in line with more diversified living and heating patterns. By making use of dynamic internal climate zones the energy consumption can be lowered without having to excessively insulate or increase material use and/or building costs while still providing optimal comfort and spatial quality. This research will consist of three main phases. First, by means of case studies, relevant data on sustainable, climate-responsive, dynamic design strategies, user behavior/experiences and living patterns of residents is gathered. Second, a dynamic dwelling concept will be developed by doing research by design and constant qualitative and quantitative evaluation through assessment methods. Finally, the concept will be implemented in the context of shrinkage by which the surplus of traditional, static and underused dwellings, limited financial resources and a need for sustainability are questioned. The relevance of this research is to provide new dwelling concepts that allow a sustainable renovation of the traditional Flemish dwelling with minimal interventions in the living environment of the resident.