Suchergebnisse

Der UN-Human Development Report 1990 stellt fest, Brasilien habe seine Chancen für eine menschliche Entwicklung verpasst. Diese Einschätzung geht auf die hohe Analphabetismusrate (18,7%) und die niedrige Lebenserwartung (65 Jahre) zurück. Trifft die Diagnose zu? Wie ist dieser Sachverhalt zu erklären? - In diesem Artikel wird die Bildungskrise als Ergebnis der Politik der Militärregierung (1964-1984) und der darauf folgenden Redemokratisierung (1985-1990) gedeutet. Die Bildungspolitik der letzten 30 Jahre wird anhand von drei Themenschwerpunkten (Finanzierung des Bildungswesens, öffentliche und private Schulen und Hochschulen sowie Bildungsqualität) untersucht. Für den Zeitraum von 1990-2000 werden Chancen einer Verbesserung der "menschlichen Entwicklung" (im Bildungsbereich) gesehen. Dies ist jedoch noch keine Garantie dafür, dass Brasilien im Jahre 2000 zu den reichen Industrienationen zählen wird. (DIPF/Orig.) ; According to the UN-Human Development Report 1990 Brazil is a country which has missed its opportunities for a human development, taking into account its high illiteracy rate (18,7%) and its low life expectation (65 years). Is this diagnosis correct? How can the problem be explained? This article makes the attempt to explain the educational crisis as a result of the military regime's policy (1964-1984) and further redemocratization efforts (1985-1990). The educational policy in the last 30 years as analysed by foccusing three main aspects (economic resources, relationship between private and public schools and quality of education). There are good possibilities to promote "human development" (especially education) in the next ten years but this does not necessarily mean that Brazil will have a chance to join the rieh industriahzed countries until the year 2000. (DIPF/Orig.)

Historical background, methodological aspects, and results of centralized planning.

Considers changes in the effects of parental background on educational attainment in Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, & Slovakia, 1940-1979, drawing on 1993 cross-national survey data from 13,997 male respondents. Findings show slight but consistent decreases in the effects of parents' education, status, & political party membership on final educational attainment. However, it demonstrates stability or increases in the effects of parental background on the continuation probabilities at schooling transitions. Applying a method developed by Robert D. Mare (1981 [see abstract 81L8738]), analysis reveals that the slight decreases in the effects of parental background on final educational attainment result from two offsetting influences: stability or slight increases in the effects of parental background on school continuation probabilities in schooling transitions resulted in the stability of increase in these effects; whereas the substantial educational expansion that occurred in these nations resulted in their decrease.