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The problem of the social foundations of democracy in the context of globalization on the methodology of Aristotle: in the unity of its quantitative and qualitative measurements is studied. The author argues the lack of understanding of democracy primarily in the quantitative characteristics of the majority – minority. Democracy, which based on the majority of the poor, does not give them freedom. Demagogues turn people into a crowd. The state with the majority of the middle class - people whose wealth is based on the "average property, but adequate" is more perfect than such a democracy. In the competition between capitalism and socialism in the XX century, the doctrine of the middle class as a social support of democracy was proclaimed and implemented in the developed countries of the West. Based on Y. Dellinger's researches (2013) and the report of the ILO about wages in the countries of the world in 2014–2015 the authors analyze the tendency of the quantitative reduction of the middle class. As a result, the authors formulate social criteria of evaluation of democracy: the proportion of the middle class as a part of the people and the extent of its relative prosperity. They suggest the themes for further research: the socialization of ownership, in particular TNC to reduce inequality of the average class with the rich; people's defense mechanisms from the concentration of wealth and power in alliance of the oligarchy with the state bureaucracy, in particular, the revolutionary tradition in the system of law sources.Key words: democracy, qualitative and quantitative measurement of democracy, the middle class, absenteeism. ; Досліджується проблема соціальної основи демократії за методологією Арістотеля: в єдності кількісного (більшість – меншість) і якісного (свобода, заможність, освіченість, благородство) її вимірів. Обґрунтовуються соціальні критерії оцінки стану соціальної основи демократії: питома вага середнього класу в складі народу та достатній відносно класу багатих рівень його життя. Аналізуються загрози середньому класу і демократії, викликані тенденціями росту відносної соціальної нерівності та скорочення робочих місць середнього класу на ринку праці внаслідок глобалізації економіки. Ключові слова: демократія, кількісний і якісний виміри демократії, середній клас, абсентеїзм. Исследуется проблема социальной основы демократии по методологии Аристотеля: в единстве количественного (большинство – меньшинство) и качественного (свобода, достаток, образованность, благородство) ее измерений. Аргументируются социальные критерии оценки социальной основы демократии: удельный вес среднего класса в составе народа и достаточный относительно класса богатых уровень его жизни. Анализируются угрозы среднему классу и демократии, вызванные тенденциями роста относительного социального неравенства и сокращения рабочих мест среднего класса на рынке труда вследствие глобализации экономики. Ключевые слова: демократия, количественное и качественное измерения демократии, средний класс, абсентеизм. The problem of the social foundations of democracy in the context of globalization on the methodology of Aristotle: in the unity of its quantitative and qualitative measurements is studied. The author argues the lack of understanding of democracy primarily in the quantitative characteristics of the majority – minority. Democracy, which based on the majority of the poor, does not give them freedom. Demagogues turn people into a crowd. The state with the majority of the middle class - people whose wealth is based on the "average property, but adequate" is more perfect than such a democracy. In the competition between capitalism and socialism in the XX century, the doctrine of the middle class as a social support of democracy was proclaimed and implemented in the developed countries of the West. Based on Y. Dellinger's researches (2013) and the report of the ILO about wages in the countries of the world in 2014–2015 the authors analyze the tendency of the quantitative reduction of the middle class. As a result, the authors formulate social criteria of evaluation of democracy: the proportion of the middle class as a part of the people and the extent of its relative prosperity. They suggest the themes for further research: the socialization of ownership, in particular TNC to reduce inequality of the average class with the rich; people's defense mechanisms from the concentration of wealth and power in alliance of the oligarchy with the state bureaucracy, in particular, the revolutionary tradition in the system of law sources. Key words: democracy, qualitative and quantitative measurement of democracy, the middle class, absenteeism.

The author notes that the positive global changes at the same time pose serious problems for peace and justice. From the point of view of criminogenic factors, globalization, despite all the positive aspects, at the same time leads to a large number of negative consequences, has a significant impact on crime. In this regard, studies of the impact of globalization processes on the formulation and development of criminal policy and, as a consequence, the effective functioning of the political system in this field, are relevant. Unprecedented openness in trade, finance, transportation and communications has created economic growth and prosperity in many countries. At the same time, globalization is also creating opportunities for the increasing prosperity of illicit trade. Just as there are direct links between technological progress and economic liberalization, the removal of barriers to international trade in goods and the free movement of funds also facilitate illicit trade. Organized crime is diversified, globalized at the same time as all other processes, and reaches a macroeconomic scale: illicit goods are made on one continent, transported across another, and sold on another. Such crime stimulates corruption, infiltration of illegal business into politics, and thus significantly impedes the development of society. In modern conditions, one of the main tasks of mankind is that globalization in various spheres of society does not become a source of additional conflict situations, does not increase tensions in the world, because the modern world and so full of risks, dangers, threats and mistrust. And if globalization itself becomes as much of a global threat as the environmental global problem or the problem of relations between prosperous industrialized countries and the rest of the world, the situation in the world will become even more acute. The political system of criminal policy must adapt to the global demands of modern times by finding new forms and mechanisms for the exercise of its functions. First ...

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, and with it the collapse of the isolation policy, the countries that were part of it, including Ukraine, automatically became players, or rather "victims" of the open market. Ukraine's industry, which was second in terms of capacity in the USSR, was not competitive and backward compared to countries that developed on a "western type" model: open markets, free competition, the movement of world capital without borders, the introduction of advanced technologies and innovations. Another blow was the deep cooperation of industry with the industry of other union republics, which did not allow to get a closed cycle in production with of high added value, and the former allies in the new conditions of market relations became rivals. This led to a serious recession in the economy and the search for a model of existence that would allow it to evolve. At the same time, Ukraine has access to the technology market, education, new ways and methods, both in business and in the public sphere. Gradually began to reorient the world market and implement international standards, which made it possible to reduce the dependence on the old (traditional) markets, especially Russia after the war began in 2014. Ukraine has adopted and ratified the system of international law, which is one of the tools of world globalization processes. The more Ukraine became closer to the western countries, the greater appeared the tension in relations with Russia, which does not perceive the "Western model" of development and wants to expand its political, economic, military, territorial potential at the expense of post-Soviet countries and become a full-fledged global player in the world, and Ukraine is one of the key countries that will help achieve the goal. Globalization processes have both a threat and opportunities for countries that are in the zone of globalization influence. We must understand what consequences Ukraine can expect from globalization, and which development concept will be able to ensure ...

Introduction. The article deals with the issue of protecting the state from its own financial security from the negative impact of global financial crises, which are external threats to the development of the national economy. The role of financial component of economic security of the state in ensuring its national interests is established. The management of financial security from the point of view of technological and strategic approaches is considered. Finance is the core of the modern economy, and now financial competition is the center of international economic competition. This makes financial security the basis of national economic security of the country. Periodic financial crises that have occurred in the world since the 1980s point to this. A state whose government is not fully aware of the importance of taking preventive measures against financial risks or ineffective measures to protect against threats may face a financial crisis. The financial crisis, caused by the numerous problems and challenges accumulated in the process of implementing social transformations and market openness in the developing country, often turns into an economic crisis, a social or even political crisis of a national scale. Ineffective financial management at the state level can weaken the national economy or even lead it to a complete collapse. Consequently, it is necessary to pay close attention to the implementation of the process of ensuring financial security at the macro level, both in modern economic conditions and in the strategic perspective.Purpose. The purpose of the paper is to provide proposals for the protection of national financial security from the negative impact of global financial crises. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to fulfill such tasks as: to establish the role of the financial component of the economic security of the state in securing its national interests and to provide proposals on ensuring financial security from the technological and strategic approach.Methods. Method of theoretical analysis, monographic method, method of generalization, abstract-logical method are used.Results. Ensuring the financial security of the state should become national goal and get strategic imperatives for the formation of vectors to achieve its high level in the long run. However, in our opinion, this can not be done in a situation of complete liberalization of relations in the financial market. Therefore, we propose to assess the current state of financial security of the country and to develop innovative approaches to state regulation of financial security of Ukraine.Originality. The question of protecting the state of its own financial security from the negative impact of global financial crises remains relevant, so the government of our country should work hard to minimize the consequences of the financial crisis, try to use financial and regulatory instruments to ensure financial stability and financial security at the micro and macro levels, while deepening financial reforms, the level of efficiency of the functioning of the financial market and promoting innovation in the financial sector and to strength the protection of national financial interests as well as to ensure financial security.Conclusion. As the consequences of global financial crises show, the irrational international economic order in a globalized world and the prevailing unstable economic situation in the world worsen the financial security of developing countries.

Introduction. Developed countries began to digitize their national economies resulting in transformation of human capital with digital and information technologies by making new demands on education. Transformational changes in the conditions of the world society development in the context of globalization put forward the need to reform the system of training, retraining and advanced training, as well as to promote the development of human capital creative abilities in accordance with the needs of the digital economy.The purpose of the study is to provide a scientific bases for the definition of the «digital economy» concept and to distinguish its key components, to outline the digitalization features and identify «digital gaps» in the EU countries using the Index of Digital Economy and Society (DESI).Methods. According to the purpose of the study, modern scientific methods of cognition were used, in particular: general scientific research methods (logical analysis, theoretical grounding, ascent from abstract to concrete, formalization and generalization), as well as the method of statistical observation.Results. The article presents the author's views on the interpretation of the "digital economy" concept which allowed detailing the individual properties and structural elements of the digital economy. Based on the research by the Organization for Economic Co- operation and Development (OECD), three main components of the digital economy are presented. The infrastructure of the digital economy is identified with market and planning approaches. Using the DESI Index on the example of EU countries, an analysis of five key components was performed, including communications, human capital, the Internet use, integration of digital technologies and digital public services. The current state of digital economy in the EU countries was also presented. The author emphasizes the importance of governments role and their prudent policy to motivate the population to use digital and information technologies, to increase awareness in this area and the overall level of country digitalization.Discussion. The success of the country in the digital economy development will further depend on the national digital and information capabilities, the development of internal infrastructure, the readiness of society for transformational changes, dictated by globalization. The necessary legal framework of the digital economy, balanced state strategies for IT development, formation of the potential for professional skills development and basic ICT literacy, as well as professional career in the information field will result in positive changes in national economies under context of digitalization.Perspectives. Prospects for further research include the need for statistical analysis of the digital economy key components in the regional context of the world countries, actions ranking and sequencing in the theoretical and methodological support of measures to enhance the use of digital and information products by countries.

Introduction. The international economic community is promoting the principles of free trade theory, the principles of liberalization and the "invisible hand effect", as well as the countries specialization and the erasure of national economic borders in the context of modern globalization processes. However, such recommendations are not always appropriate for countries with underdeveloped national economies and for countries that have not undergone a long period of development under conditions of national protectionism. Therefore, the article is devoted to the search of strategic directions for thenational economy development under the conditions of modern globalization changes and economic and political instability.Purpose. Although Ukraine has adhered to the requirements and recommendations of international economic organizations over the past years, there has been no economic breakthrough in the country. Public life standards are not rising; according to various economic estimates and international rankings, Ukraine continues to hold weak positions. This situation requires special research and search for ways of entering the national economy of Ukraine to new positions.Methods. In the article methods of analysis and comparison of international experience and practice, methods of collection and systematization of statistical data's are used.Results. The problems of low Ukrainian competitiveness among other countries have been revealed by taking into account the scientific literature analysis, international experience of national economies development in different countries and statistical data on the Ukrainian national economy. The priorities and principles of national production and industrial development, which ensure the competitive country's position in the current globalization conditions, have been determined. The article shows Erik S. Reinert's point of views, highlighted in the book "How Rich Countries Got Rich And Why Poor Countries Stay Poor" which relate to the critique of the recommendations regarding adherence to the free trade theory and specialization, as well as the liberalization principles and the "invisible hand effect". The problems of the Ukrainian national economy development with postcolonial syndromes that are manifested in socio-psychological, managerial, cultural, as well as in economic behavior and peculiarities of national economy have been disclosed.Discussion. The necessity of structural changes in national production, as well as changes in scientific-educational, taxation and pension system, investment policy, overcoming oligarchy, and corruption, and excessive government intervention in a business have been substantiated. Three main components of the strategic national economy development have been proposed, concerning effective science education reform in order to strengthen the innovational capabilities and technological capacities of national production; reducing external debt and dependence on external creditors, orienting the financial sector towards serving and investing the in real economy; creating strong social, political and national, ethical and spiritual values in the society.

Global conditions for the functioning of the world banking system lay qualitatively new conditions for the accumulation and redistribution of financial capital in different regions and sectors of the world economy, as well as the transformation of aggregate savings of economic agents of different countries into global investment capital. A special disposition in the global banking architecture is occupied by offshore banking, which in recent decades has become an established and integral component of the global financial market. Covering the operations of banking institutions, located in offshore jurisdictions, offshore banking provides businesses with a significant reduction in the tax burden, high confidentiality of commercial transactions and reliable preservation of capital. At the same time, the deepening of international specialization and industrial cooperation, the fragmentation of global flows of goods and capital resources provide economic entities with ample opportunities to use the services of offshore banking in order to use special systems of corporate law. The article reveals the scale and structural dynamics of offshore banking in recent decades. The modern tendencies of development of offshore banks have been characterized with emphasis of research interest on processes of system technologization and dynamic distribution of fintech and artificial intelligence, penetration into this sector of technologies of e-commerce, its transfer to blockchain technologies, strengthening of client-orientation and personification of offshore operations, intensification of mergers of trust offshore companies, etc. It is proved that these trends reflect the global nature of offshore banks, the high level of innovation of their services, the steady diversification of banking services and increasing the level of resilience of the banking system to the factors of global economic imbalance. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of blockchain startups and the organization of exchanges for digital currency trading, which have a significant impact on the mechanisms of offshore banking. It is substantiated that the clients of offshore banks are currently provided with a wide range of services, which goes far beyond the actual banking services, and also includes consulting services on tax legislation, tax cost optimization, establishing an offshore business and more. ; Глобальні умови функціонування світової банківської системи закладають якісно нові умови акумулювання і перерозподілу фінансового капіталу за різними регіонами і секторами світової економіки, а також трансформації сукупних заощаджень економічних агентів різних країн у глобальний інвестиційний капітал. Особливе місце у світовій банківській архітектурі посідає офшорне банківництво, яке в останні десятиліття перетворилось на усталений й невід'ємний компонент глобального фінансового ринку. Охоплюючи операції банківських установ, що локалізовані в офшорних юрисдикціях, офшорний банкінг забезпечує підприємницьким структурам значне послаблення податкового навантаження, високу конфіденційність комерційних угод та надійне збереження капіталу. У той самий час поглиблення міжнародної спеціалізації і виробничого кооперування, фрагментація глобальних потоків товарів і капітальних ресурсів забезпечують економічним суб'єктам широкі можливості щодо застосування послуг офшорного банківського бізнесу у цілях використання особливих систем корпоративного законодавства. У статті розкрито масштаби і структурну динаміку офшорного банківництва в останні десятиліття. Комплексно охарактеризовано сучасні тенденції розвитку офшорних банків з акцентуванням дослідницького інтересу на процесах системної технологізації і динамічному поширенні фінтеху і штучного інтелекту, проникнення у даний сектор технологій електронної комерції, його переведення на технології блокчейну, посилення клієнт-орієнтованості і персоніфікованості офшорних банківських операцій, глибокої конвергенції діяльності офшорних банків й міжнародних інвестиційних компаній, активізації злиттів трастових офшорних компаній та ін. Доведено, що дані тенденції відбивають глобальний характер діяльності офшорних банків, високий рівень інноваційності їх сервісів, неухильну диверсифікацію банківських послуг та підвищення рівня стійкості банківської системи до дії чинників світової економічної нерівноваги. Особливу увагу приділено питанню щодо реалізації блокчейн-стартапів та організації бірж з торгівлі цифровими валютами, що справляють вагомий вплив на механізми функціонування офшорного банківництва. Обґрунтовано, що клієнтам офшорних банків надається на сьогодні широкий спектр послуг, що виходить далеко за рамки власне банківського обслуговування, й охоплює також консалтингові сервіси з питань податкового законодавства, оптимізації податкових витрат, заснування офшорного бізнесу тощо.

The concept 'globalization discourse' is scrutinized as anordered set of meanings, interpretations, explanations thatdefine the essence of globalization. Such specific characteristicsof this discourse as the dualistic nature and the valueladencharacter are determined. Special attention is paid toexamination of the way of globalization discourse understandingin the frameworks of political discoursology as a subdiscipline in which in particular the methods of cognitive linguistics are used.The cognitive-discursive approach is defined as one of the mainin the study of globalization, the application of which actualizesa need of the concepts' analysis. Such key binary concepts as'global/local' and 'objective/subjective' that operate withinglobalization discourse are studied. Such types of this discourseas 'optimistic', 'skeptical' and 'neutral' are examined. ; Изучается понятие «глобализационный дискурс»как упорядоченная совокупность смыслов, трактовок,интерпретаций, которые определяют содержаниеглобализации. Определяются специфическиехарактеристики этого типа дискурса – дуалистическийхарактер и ценностная нагруженность. Отдельноевнимание уделяется рассмотрению того, каким образомглобализационный дискурс осмысливается в рамкахполитической дискурсологии как субдисциплины, вкоторой используются, в частности, методы когнитивнойлингвистики. В качестве одного из основных приизучении глобализационного дискурса определяетсякогнитивно-дискурсивный подход, при применениикоторого актуализируется необходимость анализаконцептов. Изучаются ключевые бинарные концепты,которые функционируют в рамках глобализационногодискурса, – «глобальное/локальное» и «объективное/субъективное». Рассматриваются типы данного дискурса –«оптимистический», «скептический», «нейтральный». ; Вивчено поняття «глобалізаційний дискурс» як впорядкована сукупність сенсів, тлумачень, інтерпретацій, які визначають зміст глобалізації. Визначаються специфічні характеристики цього дискурсу – дуалістичний характер та ціннісна навантаженість. Окрему увагу приділено розгляду того, яким чином глобалізаційний дискурс осмислюється в рамках політичної дискурсології як субдисципліни, у якій використовуються, зокрема, методи когнітивної лінгвістики.В якості одного з основних при вивченні глобалізаційного дискурсу визначається когнітивно-дискурсивний підхід, при застосуванні якого актуалізується необхідність аналізу концептів. Вивчено ключові бінарні концепти, що функціонують в рамках глобалізаційного дискурсу, – «глобальне/локальне» та «об'єктивне/ cуб'єктивне». Розглядаються типи даного дискурсу – «оптимістичний», «скептичний», «нейтральний».

The article examines the importance of modern challenges - democracy,justice in the context of globalization. The global dimensions are considered - the ability to violence, the ability to interact, the ability to cooperate, the ability to communicate. The importance of the discourse of justice in the processes of globalization, which reveals the profound socio-cultural changes, has been clarifi ed. The philosophical and legal principles of justice, equality, freedom, and humanism are singled out. Different approaches to justice are revealed - J. Rawls' theory of justice as honesty; justice as an exchange of O. Goff; justice as a balance and measure of J. Derrida and J. Lyotard;justice as resistance against the evil of E. Levinas. The aim of the study is to consider justice as a philosophical and legal basis and the principle of abstract-universal formal equality and freedom that citizens need to demand.Key words: globalization challenges, dimensions, discourse of justice, democracy, communication, equality, freedom, humanism. ; У статті досліджено важливість сучасних викликів - демократії, справедливості в умовах глобалізації. Розглянуто глобалізаційні ви-міри - здатність до насильства,здатність до взаємодії, здатність до кооперації, здатність комунікувати. З'ясовано вагомість дискурсу справедливості в процесах глобалізації, що розкриває глибинні соціо-культурні зрушення. Виокремлено філософсько-правові принципи - справедливості, рівності, свободи, гуманізму. Розкрито різні підходи до справедливості - теорія справедливості як чесності Дж. Ролза; справедливість як обмін О.Гьофе; справедливість як виваженість і міра Ж. Деріди і Ж. Ліотара; справедливість як спротив проти зла Е. Левінаса. Мета дослідження розглянути справедливість як філо-софсько-правову засаду і принцип абстрактно-загальної формальної рівності та свободи, які громадянам потрібно вимагати.Ключові слова: глобалізаційні виклики,виміри, дискурс справедливості, демократія, комунікація, рівність, свобода, гуманізм.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the globalization values, namely tolerance as a necessary condition for the progressive progress of mankind in the XXI century. The research methodology is based on the complex use of general scientific and specific scientific methods: analytical, historical, and conceptual. Based on the work of S. Fedyunina, the manifestations of tolerance in the global space are described: integration of life opportunities, cultural integration; political integration. M. Walzer's scientific experience allowed to substantiate five "regimes of tolerance" in accordance with the social and state system. The difference between this phenomenon in the conditions of a multinational empire, nation state and immigrant society is shown. The notion of tolerance is distinguished from the notions of reconcilability. The study shows the difficulties in implementing absolute tolerance, which does not require any standards at all, because part of the political system is recognized as any cultural community or tradition. The necessity of overcoming psychological stereotypes that hinder tolerant attitude towards others is shown. The need for interaction of collective and personal aspects of formation of socio-cultural context of tolerance in international relations is substantiated. To do this, more attention should be paid to conceptualizing not only theoretical but also practical models of improving international policy, which will take into account both national and international processes of integration and disintegration, will take into account the history of a country, its peoples and various social groups.

The article considers the issues of legislative gaps in the organization and conduct of local referendums, suggests areas of regulation of relevant issues, the main problems to be addressed in the future law on local referendums in the context of globalization. The authors emphasize that in the current conditions of dynamic development of public relations, Ukraine's integration into the European legal space, the formation of global trends aimed at bringing legal systems closer to common requirements, conditions and standards, the impact of globalization on domestic law. Attention is drawn to the fact that the constitutional and legal support of interstate integration processes is a complex dynamic system that covers a set of constitutional and legal norms, doctrines, tools, the implementation of which allows for interstate integration activities. It is noted that the issue of forming such a legislative field that would maximize the development of "participatory" local democracy (participatory democracy) in Ukraine by consolidating such an important component of effective citizen participation in local issues as a local referendum is on the agenda. The authors believe that the legislative regulation of initiating, organizing and conducting local referendums requires first of all taking into account national interests and issues of national security, significant improvement of legislative regulation. According to them, many legislative initiatives have already been developed in the field of initiating, organizing, holding local referendums and implementing their decisions. Coordinated and coordinated work of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and the President of Ukraine is necessary for the implementation of such developments in the current legislative field. According to the authors, the adoption of the law on local referendums is long overdue, and therefore the adoption of any legislative initiatives in this direction will be a step towards building a legal, democratic state in which citizens can exercise their ...

UK: В умовах зростаючого впливу глобалізації на внутрішній соціально-економічний розвиток країни, державі необхідно вживати надійні заходи щодо попередження та нейтралізації негативних тенденцій. Вимоги світового господарства вимагають від фінансового сектору економіки налагодження механізму функціонування кожної ланки фінансової системи. В статті наведена та проаналізована динаміка інституційних одиниць фінансового сектору України, виявлені причини, що спричинили зміну їх кількості. Визначено основні етапи реформ у фінансовому секторі країни, спрямовані на інтеграцію до європейського економічного простору. EN: In the conditions of growing influence of globalization on domestic social and economic development, the state should take credible measures to prevent and neutralize negative trends. The requirements of the world economy require the financial sector adjustment mechanism of functioning of each part of the financial system. Results. Today, there are many financial institutions, but those negative processes that occur in the financial sector of Ukraine due to the financial crisis prove the imperfection of existing mechanisms of the relevant segments of the financial market. Therefore, the institutional dynamics of the financial sector of Ukraine for 2012-2016, which shows that constant reform in the financial sector of the country, are negative. This is reflected in the reduction of the total number of almost all financial institutions. These financial market participants as finance companies tend to increase, due to the high demand for money and the rapid exchange of small financial transactions as finance companies specialize primarily on crediting consumer products.

У статті досліджено особливості інтелектуальної міграції трудових ресурсів в умовах глобалізації. Розглянуто сутність поняття «інтелектуальна міграція», дві її форми як внутрішня і зовнішня. Охарактеризовано фактори впливу на інтелектуальну міграцію робочої сили. Визначено, що розвиток інформаційних і комунікаційних технологій є основним фактором в сучасних умовах. Зазначено, що технології дозволяють працювати інтелектуальним ресурсам відразу в країні перебування і в країнах-походження. Під впливом глобалізації формуються потоки інтелектуальної міграції зі сходу на захід, з півдня на північ. Сформульовано, що процеси інтелектуальної міграції закріпили асиметричну структуру міжнародної системи. Проаналізовано витрати окремих країн на освіту і навчання, що впливає на спрямованість міжнародної інтелектуальної міграції. Основним результатом дослідження є висновок про те, що світовий ринок висококваліфікованого інтелектуальної праці розширюється, стає все більш інтернаціональним і динамічним. ; Despite the large number of research on labor migration, the problem of intellectual migration in the context of globalization needs further thorough research. The main purpose of the article is to find out the features of intellectual migration in the context of globalization. Revealed is the essence of the concept of "intellectual migration" in a narrow and broad sense, and considered are two forms as internal and external. Characterized are factors of influence on intellectual labor migration. Determined is the development of information and communication technologies is a major factor in the current environment. It is stated that technologies allow working intellectual resources at once in the country of residence and in the countries of origin. Formed are flows of intellectual migration from east to west, from south to north under the influence of globalization. It is stated that the processes of intellectual migration have secured the asymmetric structure of the international system. Developed countries are pursuing a policy of encouraging the influx of highly qualified professionals from abroad. The most popular among them have been IT professionals for several decades. Given are the examples of migration policy for attracting highly skilled workers in North America and the EU. Analyze are the country's expenditures on education and training, which affect the circulation of international intellectual migration. As shown by the analysis of increasing costs of developed countries and large companies for the education and development of human resources (creativity, professional qualities, aspiration for self-development, possession of the latest techniques of technological and design development, etc.), due to the parameters of development of the global economy in a globalized environment. The main result of the study is that the world market for highly skilled intellectual work is expanding, becoming more dynamic. In the context of the globalization of the labor market, it is impossible to influence the processes of intellectual migration; the mechanism of regulation of migration processes must take into account the interests of states, international organizations and supranational institutions, which together form the global system of regulation of international migration as part of the system of global governance.

У статті розглядається глобалізація та її вплив на державне управління з точки зору синергетики. Автор аналізує феномен зменшення ролі національних держав під впливом глобалізаційних процесів на основі методології синергетики, теорії управління в умовах невизначеності та багатовекторності. Практика глобалізації останніх років показує, що методи синергетики використовуються конструкторами нового глобального світу для дезорганізації тих соціальних систем, які не відповідають їхнім вимогам. Одним з методологічних аспектів обгрунтування цього процесу є залучення ідей теорії хаосу для обґрунтування постмодерністської філософії. Можна констатувати, що глобалізація, вписуючись у синергетичну парадигму, з одного боку, прагне підсилити тенденцію до стійкості державного управління, оскільки збільшує число загальних цивілізаційних факторів, що піддаються керуванню і контролю. Але, з іншого боку, вона ж призводить до зростання нестійкості державного управління, оскільки ускладнює взаємодію держави з іншими політичними акторами, в першу чергу з бізнесом, робить їх усе більше динамічними і нелінійними. ; The article deals with globalization and its impact on governance in terms of synergy. The author analyzes the phenomenon of reduction of the role of national states under the influence of globalization processes on the basis of synergetic methodology, management theory under uncertainty and multidirectional. Practice globalization of recent years shows that the methods used by the designers of the new synergy of global peace for disruption of social systems that do not meet their requirements. One of the methodological aspects of the justification of this process is to involve the ideas of chaos theory to justify postmodern philosophy. We can conclude that globalization paradigm synergistic blend of, on the one hand, seeks to strengthen the trend towards sustainability of the government as civilization increases the number of common factors amenable to management and control. But on the other hand, it also increases the ...

The article analyzes the use of the land resource potential of countries in the context of globalization. Investment attractive regions have been identified, the socio–economic and political conditions of which are conducive to land grabbing from foreign investors. The sources of food security of countries with developed economies are substantiated. The features of the formation of the land–resource space of European countries – neo–colonialists are determined. Colonialism associated with the development of capitalism has become one of the most important historical events in the political and socio– economic life of the world. In his book, Eric Wolfe, "Europe and People Without History," describes in detail the global expansion of the borders of European states in order to control both human and natural resources, as well as to expand the world development of states and promote Christianity [1]. European colonialism was an early form of globalization and shaped most of the world's current political boundaries. Thus, technologies, food products, ideas were transferred that were based within the colonial countries: Great Britain, Spain, France, Portugal and the Netherlands. In such conditions, the main goal is the possibility of using the limited resources of the colonial country and making a profit. This approach is called neocolonialism (corporate colonialism), just like classical European colonialism, the goal is the comprehensive exploitation of natural resources, labor and markets for super–profits.