Suchergebnisse

Das Arbeitspapier basiert auf den Forschungen einer Kooperation des Autors mit dem "Zentrum für unabhängige Sozialforschung" in St. Petersburg über die Rolle der Leihhäuser in den Lebensstrategien von Haushalten mit geringem Einkommen (finanziert durch die Volkswagenstiftung). Die Arbeit rekonstruiert die historische Entwicklung der Einrichtung des Leih- und Pfandhauses seit dem Anfang des 19. Jahrhunderts. Die russische Bezeichnung "dom lombard" geht auf den Umstand zurück, dass italienische Geldverleiher von Lombardia im 18. Jahrhundert in Frankreich anfingen, Geld gegen Pfand zu verleihen. Im gegenwärtigen postsozialistischen Rußland ist die Rolle dieser Einrichtung für die Kleinkreditbeschaffung von Bedeutung. So sind allein in St. Petersburg offiziell 45 Leihhäuser registriert. (ICA)

This research explores the usefulness of control-flow versus interprocess communications information in documentation of concurrent processing programs. Programmer performance was examined on a modification task where modifications were made to either the data structure or the control flow of a program. The results suggest that for simple programs and simple modifications, it is not crucial whether interprocess communications or control-flow information is highlighted in the documentation format. For more complex problems, it would appear that detailed control-flow information is not necessary, and, in fact, may interfere with making the modification.

Insights into the civic education classroom can be gained through videographic documentation. Videographic material offers, as I argue in this article, great possibilities: Through a reconstructive approach insights into dimensions of civic education such as spatial organisation, symbolic representation and non-verbal communication may emerge. In this way, a deeper understanding of informal political learning in school can be obtained. These aspects have not yet been considered in depth with videographic documentation primarily employed to date in teacher training contexts and lesson evaluation.The case study I present here was inspired by the documentary method and both the potential and limitations of videographic interpretation are discussed in this context. The study also suggests that what is not offered by videographic documentation includes insights into the individual and collective integration of experiences in civic education lessons.