Suchergebnisse

The paper deals with three aspects of teaching political education: the problems of teaching social sciences in Croatia regarding their content, methods, & instruction; the quality of teaching according to the ISO 9000 norm; & the study of the quality of the program of teaching politics & economics to secondary school pupils. The methods of work chosen have made it possible to give an account of contemporary developments throughout the world in the field of methodology & instruction regarding this subject. All suggested solutions & models have not simply been copied, but adapted to the existing conditions of secondary education in Croatia. The intention is to activate fresh forces in the Croatian school system that will, taking into account the realities of the Croatian situation, find new educational paths, aware that primary importance should be given to the quality of learning & the complete satisfaction of pupils, parents, & society. This approach does not seek unobtainable material resources, but demands much effort & numerous changes in the policies & work of all those directly or indirectly involved in teaching. 2 Tables, 8 References. Adapted from the source document.

The author discusses the basic structure of Mancur Olson's political economy. He highlights three concepts on which it is based: public goods, interest groups, & selective incentives. The last concept represents Olson's innovation in contemporary political science. The author's central methodical assumption is based on the insight that Olson's key theory is linked with the so-called public goods paradox. Unlike private goods, public goods are noncompetitive & nonexclusive, which means that it is not possible to bar those who do not share the costs of their production from using them. On the basis of this, Olson has developed the original theory of interest groups. By looking into the costs of organizing along interest lines as a collective activity whose result is a public good, he distinguishes between large, heterogeneous, & small, homogeneous groups. Besides, he has shown that, regarding public goods, individuals tend to behave as free riders, defaulters who try to avoid the costs of securing these goods. The author shows that Olson has, notwithstanding certain flimsiness of his reductionist methodology, significantly revamped political science. Adapted from the source document.

Hrvatsko civilno društvo dugi je niz godina polako, ali sigurno, napredovalo u svojoj viziji i cilju. Ulaskom Hrvatske u Europsku Uniju, akterima civilnog društva otvorile su se nove mogućnosti, kako financiranja, tako i realizacije cijelog niza projekata. Osim toga, novootvorenim mogućnostima financiranja različitih projekata i pridavanjem sve većeg značaja priznavanju vještina i znanja stečenih neformalnim učenjem (Crnčić Sokol i Kostanjčar Suljada, 2009, 95), otvara se put za primjenu sociološke perspektive, teorije i metodologije na novo područje validacije i evaluacije vještina i znanja stečenih neformalnim te informalnim obrazovanjem. Ovaj se rad, stoga, usmjerava na razmatranje implikacija razvoja projekata neformalnog obrazovanja čiji su nositelji upravo udruge civilnog društva. Probleme formalnog priznavanja vještina i znanja stečenih neformalnim kanalima obrazovanja stavlja u prvi plan. U fokusu se rada nalazi metodološki problem mjerenja učinka projekata neformalnog obrazovanja na sudionike. Koristeći se kvantitativnom metodologijom (te strukturiranim upitnikom kao mjernim instrumentom) istraživanje je dizajnirano kao kvazi-eksperimentalno istraživanje. Glavnu istraživačku strategiju predstavlja akcijsko evaluacijska ideja s ciljem mjerenja i jasnog evaluiranja promjena koje su se dogodile kod sudionika projekta BeAlive 2014 u odnosu na specifične ciljeve samog projekta, što rezultira otvaranjem metodološke rasprave o načinima evaluacije, validacije i mjerenja promjena te učinaka projekata neformalnog obrazovanja. ; Croatian civil society has for many years, slowly but surely, advanced in its vision and purpose. Due to the Croatian accession to the European Union, the civil society has acquired new possibilities for funding and implementation of a wide range of projects. In addition to these, the increasing importance of recognizing the skills and knowledge gained informally (Crnčić Sokol and Kostanjčar Suljada, 2009, 95), opened the way for the application of sociological perspectives, theories and methodology to a new research area; the validation and evaluation of the skills and knowledge gained through non-formal and informal education. This paper, therefore, focuses on the implications of the development of non-formal education projects within civil society. The paper firstly addresses the problems with formal recognition of the skills and knowledge acquired through alternative channels of education. The focus of the work is the methodological problem of measuring the impact of non-formal education projects and programs on the participants/users. Using quantitative methodology (and structured questionnaire as a measuring instrument), the research was designed as a quasi experimental study. Action-evaluation design represented the main research strategy with the idea of assessing and clearly evaluating changes that the BeAlive 2014 project participants experienced, in relation to the specific project objectives and goals. This resulted in opening a methodological discussion on the ways to evaluate, validate and measure the changes and effects of non-formal education projects.

Pusic's Democracy and Dictatorship. Political Transition in Croatia and Southeastern Europe (1998) comprises five essays published by the author separately during the 1990s, covering the areas of the history of political ideas, descriptive theory of democracy, & the theory of democratic transition. They are written in an eclectic style mixing political essay with scientific dissertation, which impedes the reading & analysis of the whole work. Pusic also fails to clearly state her methodological approach; her methodology cannot be characterized as institutional analysis, analysis of the action of political actors, or policy analysis. The lack of a clearly defined methodological-analytic approach is the main cause of her failure to account for the diversity in transitions from communist to democratic regimes in the various countries of the former Soviet bloc. Pusic uses a variety of terms & notions that she does not define, & also has difficulties with differentiating institutional arrangements & political regimes. The description of transition processes in individual countries is inaccurate, & the interpretation of the radicalization & militarization of the Serbian movement in Croatia at the beginning of the 1990s is whimsical. The book cannot be recommended as a respectable contribution to the theory of transition. 10 References. Z. Dubiel

The Ministry of Science of the Republic of Croatia decided on a new Rule Book of Definition of Scientific Areas. According to the book, Politology is a scientific field in the area of social science. It is divided into 3 branches: (1) Politology, (2) Theory and History of Politics, & (3) Political Philosophy. By using documents, the author of this article shows how political science is differently structured by IPSA & APSA. The author describes 120 years of dominantly American development of political science & of professions of political scientists, which brought out a recent new world standard with around 100 subdisciplines & areas of expertise that are structured in 8 fundamental disciplines: (1) Political Institutions, (2) Political Behavior, (3) Comparative Politics, (4) International Relations, (5) Political Theory, (6) Public Policy & Public Administration/Management, (7) Political Economy, & (8) Political Methodology. The author points out that a voluntaristic intervention in the definition of scientific areas could mean an attack on the development of science, research organization, renewal of teaching staff at the university, & academic education of political scientists, as well as internationally comparable competence of Croatian experts & Croatian democratic political thought & political culture in general. 133 References. Adapted from the source document.

The aim of this paper is to compare the Western European scientific insight into the relation between sport & violence in contemporary societies with the respective Croatian scientific insight. The point of departure for the comparison is the excellent evaluation of the available scientific research of this relation offered in the book of the French sociologists Bodin, Robene & Heas Sport & Violence in Europe. They analyze the sociological, political science, psychological & other research of sport related violence, including those of its aspects that have been insufficiently recognized or neglected; they especially highlight the importance of understanding the violence of extremist sport fans for the understanding of the whole phenomenon. From 1980's onwards the violence of sport fans is equally present in Croatia as in the countries of EU but in the last decade Croatia cannot stand comparison with the EU countries when it comes to the efficiency of the measures undertaken to prevent & bring an end to this type of violence. The authors of this paper claim that the respective research of Croatian sociologists, political scientists & others can stand comparison with those in the Western European countries as to their theoretical insight, applied methodology & the quality of interpretations. This is true, however, only regarding the research of manifest violence, & it does not entirely apply for research of latent violence. Adapted from the source document.

This paper deals with various issues concerning the establishment and inauguration of the first Croatian supplementary school in Italy, the shaping of the curriculum and the forming of heterogeneous learning groups. The paper also deals with the political aspect of the new institution. This school, located in Rome, has remained active to this day, with a curriculum that differs from the one in use in the Molise region, the home of the officially recognized Croatian national minority. The methodology is based on the analysis of the statistical data issued by the Italian Ministry of Education, of the legal regulations in effect at the time when the school was established, as well as today, and on the analysis of the pedagogical and linguistic theories by Bruner, Such, Widdicombe, Ivir-Ashsworth, Jelaska and Cvikić. The paper aims to show the modern and, indeed, progressive qualities of educational and cultural procedures in Croatian supplementary school in Rome, based on the principles set by the above mentioned authors. The task accomplished by the school is set in the context of creating/enforcing the national identity based on the cultural, historical, psychological and sociological principles, expounded by the monk Martinac, and by Fromm, Smith, Supek and Anholt. The establishing, organizing and functioning of the school is also analysed in consideration of the legal framework in the period from 1998 to 2015, as well as regarding the aspect of cultural diversity and cultural integration.

U radu se na temelju tadašnje i recentne (domaće i strane) literature te prostornih planova istražuje međuodnos turističkoga i prostornoga planiranja u Hrvatskoj i Jugoslaviji 1960-ih. Analitičko-interpretativnom metodom proučava se međuodnos tadašnjega društveno-političkog sustava, politika prema turizmu i prostoru, društvenoga planiranja, tijela uprave, institucija specijaliziranih za planiranje, turističkoga prometa, izrađenih prostornih planova, intenziteta izgradnje smještajnih kapaciteta i dr. Zaključuje se da su turističko i prostorno planiranje međusobno bili povezani društvenim planovima razvoja, a rezultati djelovanja u prostoru ovisili su o brojnim, često i nepredvidivim društveno-političkim čimbenicima. U praksi je provedba planova dodatno usložnjena jer su oni često djelovali apstraktno i kontradiktorno u političkom sustavu koji je imao ograničenu sposobnost za provedbu kvalitetnih, ali ponekad i utopijskih ideja. ; Based on the contemporaneous and recent (domestic and foreign) literature and spatial plans, this paper examines the relationship between touristic and spatial planning in Croatia and Yugoslavia in the 1960s. The relationship is determined using the analytical-interpretative method of the then socio-political system, tourism and spatial policy, social planning, administrative bodies, institutions specialised for planning, tourist traffic, produced spatial plans, the intensity of building accommodation capacity, etc. In the first period after the end of the war, tourism developed in an uncontrolled manner because it was not the subject of coordinated socio-economic and spatial plans. Due to a growing interest for the inflow of foreign currencies from foreign tourists, tourism gradually gained significance and was regularly given priority in development plans. The new approach to spatial planning was most visible in the developed methodology of spatial plan production and the hotel architecture and constructed hotel complexes. Since the Croatian coast had the longest Adriatic shoreline in the then Yugoslavia, the longest tradition of tourism, and was the flagship among the republics in tourism development projections and the spatial planning of tourism (because of the developed methodology of plan production), the largest number of touristic spatial plans during the socialist period were made for the Croatian Adriatic coast (on multiple levels), and the greatest investments were made in building hotel capacity there. Despite the initial idea of developing tourism and equal accommodation options for all, the new tourism planning model transformed away from this basic idea and gave priority to exponential economic growth. This new approach to tourism was most visible through the establishment of a new network of organisations and institutions for planning tourism and tourism planning in a broader spatial context rather than only on the level of individual investments. All factors regarding the implementation of social plans could not have been taken into account because all the administrative and reorganisation factors as well as the dramatic events of the socio-political and economic system as a whole that took place in the 1990s could not have been predicted. The proper methodological steps for continued and coordinated planning in the 1960s introduced significant changes into the system of touristic and spatial planning. After the implementation of the plans began, the complexities of planning (numerous unpredictable factors) that influenced their realisation became apparent. The practice of planning was further complicated because plans often acted in an abstract and contradictory manner in a political system that had a limited capacity for realising quality—and in some cases utopian—plans.

This article analyses the representation and main characteristics of comparative politics articles published in the journal Politicka misao. Starting from the assumption that the political and academic fields are engaged in a process of 'reciprocal legitimation', we divided the period of analysis into two phases and research subsamples. The first encompasses articles published in the period 1964-1989, while the second covers articles published in the period 1990-2013. Content analysis reveals that during the first phase comparative politics articles were weakly represented in the journal. The few articles that belong to the field were mostly written from a Marxist perspective, and occasionally from the perspective of old normative institutionalism. Overall they were methodologically unreflective, descriptive and configurative. The most frequent topics were self-managing democracy, communist and revolutionary parties, anti-imperial movements and conflicts in Third World countries. The time period after 1990 is characterised by a strengthening of the field of comparative politics. First of all, there is a notable increase in the number of articles dedicated to elections, electoral systems, political parties and party systems, legislatures and governments, constitutionalism and the judiciary, political culture, nationalism, as well as European institutions and processes. Secondly, theoretical approaches are more diversified, ranging from new institutionalism, behavioralism and pluralism to rational choice theory and cultural theory. Though case studies and focused studies with a small-N are the most frequent empirical strategies, overall methodology remains the weakest element of domestic academic production in comparative politics, while explicitly methodological discussions remain extremely rare. Adapted from the source document.

Ovo istraživanje promatra konkurentnost industrije šećera EU-a. Industrija šećera predstavlja vitalni dio industrije hrane i pića u EU. Cilj istraživanja je prikazati kako proizvođači šećera u EU mogu biti konkurentniji na unutarnjem i globalnom tržištu šećera. Metodologija se temelji na primjeni modela dinamičkih panel podataka pomoću uzoraka koji obuhvaćaju 189 poduzeća za proizvodnju šećera iz 25 država članica EU-a u razdoblju 2008. – 2016. Ključni rezultati pokazuju različiti utjecaj tehnologije (istraživanja i razvoja), ulaganja, proizvodnju šećerne repe, troškove zaposlenika, cijene plina i šećerne repe na prosječne prihode industrije šećera u EU. Rezultati potvrđuju važnost inputa kao što su prirodni plin, prihodi iz prethodnog razdoblja i ulaganja kao ključni čimbeniki konkurentnosti industrije šećera u EU. Na temelju rezultata istraživanja daju se preporuke i prijedlozi. ; This research investigates competitiveness of sugar manufacturing companies of the European Union (EU). Sugar industry represents a vital part of the EU food and beverages industry. The aim of the research is to show how EU sugar producers can be more competitive on internal and global sugar market. The methodology includes dynamic panel data models using sample covering up to 189 sugar manufacturing companies from 25 EU Member States in the period 2008- 2016. The key results demonstrate different impact of technology (Research and development activity), investments, sugar beet production, costs of employees, gas and sugar beet prices on average revenue of the EU sugar industry. The results confirm the importance of inputs such as natural gas, revenues from the previous period and investments as key factors of EU sugar industry competitiveness. The proposals and recommendations are presented after research results.

Ovo istraživanje promatra konkurentnost industrije šećera EU-a. Industrija šećera predstavlja vitalni dio industrije hrane i pića u EU. Cilj istraživanja je prikazati kako proizvođači šećera u EU mogu biti konkurentniji na unutarnjem i globalnom tržištu šećera. Metodologija se temelji na primjeni modela dinamičkih panel podataka pomoću uzoraka koji obuhvaćaju 189 poduzeća za proizvodnju šećera iz 25 država članica EU-a u razdoblju 2008. – 2016. Ključni rezultati pokazuju različiti utjecaj tehnologije (istraživanja i razvoja), ulaganja, proizvodnju šećerne repe, troškove zaposlenika, cijene plina i šećerne repe na prosječne prihode industrije šećera u EU. Rezultati potvrđuju važnost inputa kao što su prirodni plin, prihodi iz prethodnog razdoblja i ulaganja kao ključni čimbeniki konkurentnosti industrije šećera u EU. Na temelju rezultata istraživanja daju se preporuke i prijedlozi. ; This research investigates competitiveness of sugar manufacturing companies of the European Union (EU). Sugar industry represents a vital part of the EU food and beverages industry. The aim of the research is to show how EU sugar producers can be more competitive on internal and global sugar market. The methodology includes dynamic panel data models using sample covering up to 189 sugar manufacturing companies from 25 EU Member States in the period 2008- 2016. The key results demonstrate different impact of technology (Research and development activity), investments, sugar beet production, costs of employees, gas and sugar beet prices on average revenue of the EU sugar industry. The results confirm the importance of inputs such as natural gas, revenues from the previous period and investments as key factors of EU sugar industry competitiveness. The proposals and recommendations are presented after research results.

Rad se bavi mapiranjem i teorijskim konceptualiziranjem polemika vezanih uz "re- lacijsku formu". Pri tome ne predstavlja pokušaj pacifikacije različitih pozicija niti zauzimanja "strane" u polemikama, već se temelji na studiji koncepata (concept-based metodology) koja služe kao pomagala boljem razumijevanju objekta istraživanja. Premda je forma suvremene umjetnosti, bilo da je čine procesi ili postupci, prema tradicionalnom shvaćanju "razbijena", cilj rada je ispitati suprotno. U prvom dijelu analizirat će se pojam "relacijske forme" te diskursi vezani uz njezino artikuliranje. U drugom se dijelu istražuju tehnike i postupci odnosno strategije konceptualnih avangardi 1990-ih i 2000-ih. Zaključno se razmatraju napori, prijepori i mogućnosti umjetnosti u proširenom polju relacijskih praksi. Istraživanje će poslužiti za pobliže određenje ontološkog statusa suvremenih umjetničkih formi. ; The paper aims at mapping and theoretically conceptualizing the controversies around the "relational form." It does not, however, seek to conciliate the different positions or take "sides" in the debate; instead, it is based on a concept-based methodology as an instrument offering better insight into the researched object. Even though the form of contemporary art, be it as a process or as a procedure, is "broken" according to the traditional idea, the aim of this work is to examine the opposite. In the first part, the notion of "relational form" and the discourses related to its articulation are analyzed. The second part focuses on the techniques and procedures or strategies of the conceptual avant-gardes during the 1990s and 2000s. Eventually, the conclusion considers the efforts, debates, and possibilities of art in the extended field of relational practices. The aim of this research is to define more precisely the ontological status of contemporary art forms.

Rast turističke potražnje diljem svijeta dovela je do porasta broja metoda za prognoziranje turističke potražnje. Nove su tehnike polučile pouzdane prognoze turističkih dolazaka s ciljem boljeg ekonomskog planiranja. Ovo istraživanje ima za cilj prognozirati i usporediti djelotvornost dvaju nelinearnih pristupa umjetne inteligencije u predviđanju broja turističkih dolazaka u Singapur. Mjesečni podaci o dolasku turista u Singapur korišteni su za prognoziranje mjesec, dva, četiri i šest mjeseci unaprijed pomoću nelinearnih autoregresivnih (NAR) neuronskih mreža i neuro-fuzzy (neizrazitih) sustava. Točnost predviđanja neuronskih mreža NAR uspoređivala se s onom neuro-fuzzy sustava pomoću različitih mjerenja učinkovitosti. Studija je pokazala da su neuro-fuzzy sustavi učinkovitiji od mreže NAR u svim razdobljima prognoze i kod svih zemalja. Predložena neuro-fuzzy metoda poboljšava učinkovitost prognoziranja tehnika temeljenih na umjetnoj inteligenciji. Ova studija predstavlja doprinos literaturi u području turizma i mogu je koristiti menadžeri za učinkovito planiranje i provođenje mjera u okviru turističke politike. ; The ever increasing demand of the tourism sector worldwide has led to an increase in tourism demand forecasting methodologies. New techniques yield much reliable predictions of tourist arrivals for better economic planning. The study aims to forecast and compare the performance of two non-linear artificial intelligence approaches in predicting the number of tourist arrivals to Singapore. The Singapore inbound monthly tourism data were utilized to generate one, two, four and six month ahead forecasts with non-linear autoregressive (NAR) neural networks and neuro-fuzzy systems. The predictive accuracy of NAR neural networks and neuro-fuzzy systems were compared with various performance metrics. The study revealed that neuro-fuzzy systems outperformed NAR networks in all forecasting horizons and for all countries. The proposed neuro-fuzzy methodology helps in improving the forecasting performance of artificial intelligence based techniques. The study contributes to hospitality literature and could be utilized by managers to effectively plan and implement tourism related policy measures.

U ovom se radu istražuje mogu li "građanske tehnologije" (tehnologije koje potiču aktivno građanstvo) na efikasan način razvijati političku učinkovitost građana i mijenjati njihovu percepciju odgovornosti vlade. Anketirani su korisnici "građanskih tehnologija" na mrežnim stranicama iz SAD-a, UK-a, Kenije i Južnoafričke Republike. Temeljno je pitanje bilo jesu li određene građanske akcije nadzora, koje je moguće provesti putem tih mrežnih stranica, utjecale na promjenu mišljenja građana o tome reagiraju li vlade na građanski nadzor. Rezultati ukazuju na poboljšanu građansku učinkovitost, kao i na povećanu percepciju odgovornosti vlade. Između korisnika "građanskih tehnologija" koji dolaze iz proučavanih zemalja uočene su značajne demografske razlike koje su povezane sa širokim spektrom načina na koje građani koriste informacijske i komunikacijske tehnologije (IKT). Ipak, svima im je zajedničko povjerenje u učinkovitost tih tehnologija. Rezultati upućuju na to da objavljivanje i građanski nadzor vladinih informacija putem "građanskih tehnologija" povećavaju osjećaj vanjske učinkovitosti i percepciju odgovornosti vlade, kako u razvijenim zemljama tako i u zemljama u razvoju. ; This article examines whether civic technologies deliver an effective technique for developing the political efficacy of citizens and altering their perceived accountability of governments. Employing a survey-based methodology, a quantitative analysis was performed on the users of civic technology sites in the USA, UK, Kenya and South Africa. The primary question posed is whether the specific citizen monitoring actions facilitated by these sites cause a related effect in altering the extent to which citizens believe that governments are responsive to citizen-audit. The results indicate an enhancement in citizen efficacy and perceptions of government accountability. Notable differences detected in the user demographics between the countries studied demonstrate a wide spectrum of citizen usage; however, with common confidence displayed by respondents in the efficacy of the ICT. The findings indicate that the publication and citizen-audit of government information through civic technologies in developed and developing countries increases feelings of external efficacy and perceived government accountability.

Although Gavella could not have ever heard of Goffman's work, since he was primarily learned in German philosophical tradition, the two theoreticians do share a common interest in the two-way relationship of theatrical acting and everyday performing. True, Gavella is in the early fifties an already well established director and thinker, while Goffman only starts to develop his dramaturgical methodology, but both in their reflections draw on the same philosophical ground, that is, on phenomenology: Gavella in order to build his theory of acting on a certain difference with respect to the everyday performing, whereas Goffman in order to build a theory of everyday performing on a certain similarity to acting. Gavella had hard time in establishing the mentioned difference, still firmly believing in the utopian aspects of his aesthetics, while Goffman was accused of cynicism, of a distopian view of the prison-house of social »language«. The stunning correlation of crucial concepts and ideas of both of these theoreticians (»face-work«; »norm«, »normalcy«, »tact«, »mask«, »sincerity«, »looking-glass self«, »misunderstanding«, etc.) testify to a common obsession with the ways in which the study of misperformances in everyday face-to-face interaction reveals a fundamental crack in social ontology, and therefore in essential, irreducible selfhood as well. Far from matching the refined spectrum of Goffman's endlessly multiplying »frames of experience«, Gavella's extensive anthropological digressions on tacit norms and values ruling social interaction insist on consequences of such insights for the analysis of a specific, Croatian »social atmosphere«. In his view, Croatian milieu engendered a kind of sociality that, due to various historical, economical and political factors, demonstrates symptoms of »deep disturbances« and therefore, on one hand, does not provide a »material of actor's creativity« rich enough, while on the other, is in dire need of the actor's help to find a way out of its cultural impasses.