Suchergebnisse

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the reception and participation of partners of pregnant adolescents in the prenatal SUS network. Method: this is a descriptive, qualitative study with 79 pregnant adolescents assisted at health units of the Unified Health System (SUS). The selection criterion was to be between 10 and 19 years old. The semi-structured interview was used to produce the data, then processed in three stages: reading, identification of themes, an organization of reports in "drawers" and analyzed from hermeneutic-dialectic principles. The data were presented in a figure and transliteration of responses comments. Results: there was the desire of the partner to follow the prenatal appointments, but he is unaware of his right to participate. There are personal and institutional limits for the participation of the partners. Conclusion: governmental sexual and reproductive health programs are fragile in the inclusion and incentive to partner participation in prenatal care. Descriptors: Pre-Natal Care; Sexual and Reproductive Rights; Public Policy; Paternity; Adolescents. RESUMO Objetivo: verificar o acolhimento e a participação de parceiros de gestantes adolescentes no pré-natal da rede SUS. Método: estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, com 79 adolescentes grávidas, atendidas em unidades de saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). O critério de seleção foi ter faixa etária entre os 10 aos 19 anos. Utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada para a produção dos dados, os quais foram processados em três etapas: leitura, identificação dos temas, organização dos relatos em "gavetas" e analisados a partir dos princípios hermenêutico-dialéticos. Os dados foram apresentados em uma figura e transliteração de comentários das respostas. Resultados: houve o desejo do parceiro de acompanhar as consultas do pré-natal, mas este desconhece seu direito de participar. Há limites pessoais e institucionais para efetivar a participação dos parceiros. Conclusão: os programas de saúde sexual e reprodutiva governamentais são frágeis em relação à inclusão e incentivo à participação do parceiro no pré-natal. Descritores: Assistência Pré-Natal; Direitos Sexuais e Reprodutivos; Políticas Públicas; Paternidade; Adolescência. RESUMEN Objetivo: verificar el acogimiento y la participación de compañeros de gestantes adolescentes en el prenatal de la red SUS. Método: estudio descriptivo, de enfoque cualitativo, con 79 adolescentes embarazadas, atendidas en unidades de salud del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). El criterio de selección fue tener edad entre 10 y 19 años. Se utilizó una entrevista semi-estructurada para la producción de los datos, en seguida, procesados en tres etapas: lectura, identificación de los temas, organización de los relatos en "cajones" y analizados a partir de los principios hermenéutico-dialécticos. Los datos fueron presentados en una figura y transliteración de comentarios de las respuestas. Resultados: hubo deseo del compañero de acompañar las consultas del prenatal, pero, este desconoce su derecho de participar. Hay límites personales e institucionales para efectuar la participación de los compañeros. Conclusión: los programas de salud sexual y reproductiva gubernamentales son frágeles en relación a la inclusión e incentivo a la participación del comañero en el prenatal. Descriptores: Atención Prenatal; Derechos Sexuales y Reproductivos; Políticas Públicas; Paternidad; Adolescencia. ; RESUMO Objetivo: verificar o acolhimento e a participação de parceiros de gestantes adolescentes no pré-natal da rede SUS. Método: estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, com 79 adolescentes grávidas, atendidas em unidades de saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). O critério de seleção foi ter faixa etária entre os 10 aos 19 anos. Utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada para a produção dos dados, os quais foram processados em três etapas: leitura, identificação dos temas, organização dos relatos em "gavetas" e analisados a partir dos princípios hermenêutico-dialéticos. Os dados foram apresentados em uma figura e transliteração de comentários das respostas. Resultados: houve o desejo do parceiro de acompanhar as consultas do pré-natal, mas este desconhece seu direito de participar. Há limites pessoais e institucionais para efetivar a participação dos parceiros. Conclusão: os programas de saúde sexual e reprodutiva governamentais são frágeis em relação à inclusão e incentivo à participação do parceiro no pré-natal. Descritores: Assistência Pré-Natal; Direitos Sexuais e Reprodutivos; Políticas Públicas; Paternidade; Adolescência. ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the reception and participation of partners of pregnant adolescents in the prenatal SUS network. Method: this is a descriptive, qualitative study with 79 pregnant adolescents assisted at health units of the Unified Health System (SUS). The selection criterion was to be between 10 and 19 years old. The semi-structured interview was used to produce the data, then processed in three stages: reading, identification of themes, an organization of reports in "drawers" and analyzed from hermeneutic-dialectic principles. The data were presented in a figure and transliteration of responses comments. Results: there was the desire of the partner to follow the prenatal appointments, but he is unaware of his right to participate. There are personal and institutional limits for the participation of the partners. Conclusion: governmental sexual and reproductive health programs are fragile in the inclusion and incentive to partner participation in prenatal care. Descriptors: Pre-Natal Care; Sexual and Reproductive Rights; Public Policy; Paternity; Adolescents. RESUMEN Objetivo: verificar el acogimiento y la participación de compañeros de gestantes adolescentes en el prenatal de la red SUS. Método: estudio descriptivo, de enfoque cualitativo, con 79 adolescentes embarazadas, atendidas en unidades de salud del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). El criterio de selección fue tener edad entre 10 y 19 años. Se utilizó una entrevista semi-estructurada para la producción de los datos, en seguida, procesados en tres etapas: lectura, identificación de los temas, organización de los relatos en "cajones" y analizados a partir de los principios hermenéutico-dialécticos. Los datos fueron presentados en una figura y transliteración de comentarios de las respuestas. Resultados: hubo deseo del compañero de acompañar las consultas del prenatal, pero, este desconoce su derecho de participar. Hay límites personales e institucionales para efectuar la participación de los compañeros. Conclusión: los programas de salud sexual y reproductiva gubernamentales son frágeles en relación a la inclusión e incentivo a la participación del comañero en el prenatal. Descriptores: Atención Prenatal; Derechos Sexuales y Reproductivos; Políticas Públicas; Paternidad; Adolescencia.

This article is based on the authors' reflections from following the successive accumulations of the Brazilian National Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS). We present our evaluation of the SUS, emphasizing what we consider to be the utmost progresses, recognizing the need to reaffirm a present agenda of political and social commitments for the System. We defend that Brazilian nursing, with the processes of professionalizing its workers, is a strong partner of the SUS. ; En este texto, fruto de la reflexión de quien hace seguimiento de las sucesivas sobrecargas del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS), presentamos nuestra evaluación del SUS, exaltando aquello que consideramos como sus mayores progresos, sin negar que precisamos reafirmar una agenda contemporánea de compromisos políticos y sociales para el Sistema. Defendemos la causa de que la Enfermería brasileña, con los procesos de profesionalización de sus trabajadores, representa una gran aliada del SUS. ; Neste texto, fruto da reflexão de quem acompanha os sucessivos acúmulos do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), apresentamos nossa avaliação do SUS, ressaltando aquilo que consideramos seus maiores progressos, sem negar que precisamos reafirmar uma agenda contemporânea de compromissos políticos e sociais para o Sistema. Defendemos que a Enfermagem brasileira, com os processos de profissionalização de seus trabalhadores, representa uma grande parceira do SUS.

Objective: To know and analyze the critical path followed by women subjected to intimate partner violence until reaching a Reference Center of a Brazilian city, from the perspective of these women. Method: Qualitative research, based on the concept of critical path. Participant observations of the support group of the Reference Center and interviews with ten women in situations of violence who were followed up in this service. Results: the motivating factors for women to seek help were the increase in the severity of the aggressions, the impact of the violence on their children and support from their family. They go to several sectors and services before reaching the Reference Center, such as the police and legal counsel, health and social services. They find little effective responses from the services, and care is indicated as the most relevant response factor to face the situation. Conclusion: the assistance is fragmented and dependent on the posture of the professional. The Reference Center is recognized as an important place of support for women. In addition to governmental efforts to maintain the network structured, the permanent education of the working professionals is also fundamental. ; Objetivo: Conocer y analizar la ruta crítica de mujeres en situación de violencia perpetrada por su pareja hasta un Centro de Referencia de un municipio brasileño, según la perspectiva de las mismas. Método: se trata de una investigación cualitativa, fundamentada bajo el concepto de ruta crítica. Se realizaron observaciones participativas del grupo de apoyo del Centro de Referencia y se entrevistaron diez mujeres en situación de violencia, acompañadas por este servicio. Resultados: los factores motivadores para que las mujeres buscaran ayuda fueron el aumento de la gravedad de las agresiones, el impacto de la violencia en los hijos y el apoyo familiar. Las mujeres pasan por diversos sectores y servicios antes de acceder al Centro de Referencia, tales como el policial, el jurídico, el de salud y el social. Encuentran poca respuesta efectiva de los servicios, siendo que la acogida es el factor de respuesta principal para enfrentar la situación. Conclusión: La atención está dividida y depende de la postura del profesional que las asiste. El Centro de Referencia es reconocido como importante lugar de apoyo para las mujeres. Además de los esfuerzos gubernamentales para mantener la red estructurada, es fundamental educar continuamente a los profesionales actuantes. ; Objetivo: Conhecer e analisar a rota crítica de mulheres em situação de violência, na perspectiva das mesmas, perpetrada por parceiro íntimo até um Centro de Referência de um município brasileiro. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, ancorada pelo conceito de rota crítica. Foram realizadas observações participantes do grupo de apoio do Centro de Referência e entrevistas com dez mulheres em situação de violência, acompanhadas por esse serviço. Resultados: os fatores motivadores para as mulheres buscarem ajuda foram o aumento da gravidade das agressões, o impacto da violência nos filhos e o apoio familiar. Passando por diversos setores e serviços antes do acesso ao Centro de Referência, tais como policial, jurídico, saúde e social. Tais mulheres encontram pouca resposta efetiva dos serviços, sendo que o acolhimento é apontado como fator de resposta mais relevante para enfrentamento da situação. Conclusão: O atendimento é fragmentado e dependente da postura do profissional que as atende. O Centro de Referência é reconhecido como importante local de apoio pelas mulheres. Além dos esforços governamentais para manter a rede estruturada, é fundamental a educação permanente dos profissionais atuantes.

This article analyses the Brazilian trade policy and the dilemmas involved in the search of a more dynamic insertion in the world's international trade system. In view of the prevailing tendencies in the direction of globalization and regionalism, new rules and disciplines introduced in GATT's Uruguay Round, proposals coming from the United States and from the European Union, respectively, to become a partner in Free Trade Agreements, Brazil is confronted with strategic choices which will determine its long-term development's possibilities. ; This article analyses the Brazilian trade policy and the dilemmas involved in the search of a more dynamic insertion in the world's international trade system. In view of the prevailing tendencies in the direction of globalization and regionalism, new rules and disciplines introduced in GATT's Uruguay Round, proposals coming from the United States and from the European Union, respectively, to become a partner in Free Trade Agreements, Brazil is confronted with strategic choices which will determine its long-term development's possibilities.

This paper takes an evolutionary and systemic approach on the question of integration in Latin America, reviewing the main instruments of preferential trade in the region, from the experience of Aladi to Mercosul and its intermediate stage, the Argentine-Brazilian integration program. Special attention is paid to the position of Brazil, being the main partner in the intraregional trade of Aladi member countries, as well as the key country for the success of Mercosul, the most recent experiment in the Latin American integration process

This article analyzes the interaction between the two giants of the Western Hemisphere on the bilateral, regional and global contexts. The first section presents a brief historical overview of how relations between the two countries have evolved. There follows an analysis of Brazilian foreign policy under the Lula administration. A third section explores the dynamics of US-Brazilian relations and assesses the potential for greater bilateral collaboration. The conclusion speculates on the prospects for transforming the current ?relationship? into a partner-ship. Adapted from the source document.

After thirty years of bilateral relations, China & the European Union share many relevant political, strategic & economic interests. The convergence of interests became more evident since the end of the Cold War as both the European Union & China stand for a multilateral international order. Also economic relations developed dramatically as China became the first trade partner of the European Union. The formal strategic partnership established between China & the European Union reflects those realities. The tensions over the textile crisis should be seen in this broader framework & should not harm the overall bilateral relationship. Adapted from the source document.

The new paradigm in which the People's Republic of China is perceived (from weak & politically fragile to strong) & its growing soft power, in part due to the high rates of economic development, led to the general acceptance of its influence in the South. Perceived as a more convenient partner than the Western countries, China legitimates its presence in Africa & Latin America presenting its own development model, in which economic progress is not linked with political democratization. Using the slogan of South-South cooperation & replacing the so-called Western norms by others with "Chinese characteristics," as the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, Beijing challenges European & US interests in those regions. Adapted from the source document.

The main goal of this paper is to problematize the Plano de Desenvolvimento da Escola Interativo (PDDE Interativo) and the objectification of school management regulation mechanisms. The reflection has as reference the movement of administrative modernization and the regulation called 'post-bureaucratic', in which changes in the role of the State are identified, with a focus on managerial management. The analysis is done considering the World Bank's prescription for the reform of the education systems of its partner countries, especially those in its '2020 strategy for education'. We highlight a movement of constriction to a given model of educational reform, based on strategic monitoring, carried out through the creation of online databases. Regulation is discussed from the perspective of the economic imperative, control over the work of the school management, the systematic and strategic collection of school data, as well as the result-oriented financing mechanism. Final considerations indicate the conflict of the PDDE Interativo with the Political Pedagogical Project, as well as pointing to the need to reinforce the autonomy of the school units and the commitment of organized civil society in the search for quality public education and socially referenced. ; The main goal of this paper is to problematize the Plano de Desenvolvimento da Escola Interativo (PDDE Interativo) and the objectification of school management regulation mechanisms. The reflection has as reference the movement of administrative modernization and the regulation called 'post-bureaucratic', in which changes in the role of the State are identified, with a focus on managerial management. The analysis is done considering the World Bank's prescription for the reform of the education systems of its partner countries, especially those in its '2020 strategy for education'. We highlight a movement of constriction to a given model of educational reform, based on strategic monitoring, carried out through the creation of online databases. Regulation ...

The growing importance of China in the international arena is inducing profound changes, not only for the West, but mainly at the Rest of the World. For most of the developing countries, the outcome of the commercial relationship with the Chinese partner allowed them to finally implement self-oriented policies, without attending external pressures. On the back of this new reality, it was considered to be relevant the analysis of the Chinese impact over Latin-America, through the study of Brazilian foreign policy during the presidential mandates of Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff. In order to treat properly this subject, the international and Latin-American context of each presidential mandate is also provided as background information. Adapted from the source document.