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"This book shows how imperialism molded American religion-both the category of religion and the traditions designated as religions-and reveals the multifaceted roles of American religions in structuring, enabling, surviving, and resisting the U.S. Empire"--

The causes of violence -- The corruptibility of all things human -- Religion and war -- Faith and reason -- Life after death -- Morality and the Bible -- Morality and faith -- The enlightenment, liberal thought, and religion -- Does religion do more harm than good in personal life? -- What good has religion done?

In dem Beitrag werden die vielfältigen Ansätze von Muslimen beschrieben, die Menschenrechte im Koran zu verwurzeln und "islamische" Antworten auf die Herausforderungen der Moderne zu suchen. Es wird gezeigt, daß die meisten Muslime heute die Idee der Menschenrechte als normativ anerkennen, diese allerdings im Islam begründen und damit zu einem Teil ihres eigenen kulturellen Erbes machen wollen. Die Neuinterpretation des klassischen Erbes wird skizziert. Dabei wird deutlich, daß Muslime die Menschenrechte als Gottesgabe verstehen, die zum Gehorsam gegenüber Gott verpflichtet. Die Zwiespältigkeit in der Einstellung der Muslime zu Religions- und Meinungsfreiheit und religiöser Toleranz wird aufgezeigt. Insgesamt wird deutlich, daß Ansätze zur Akzeptanz der Menschenrechte bei Muslimen vorhanden sind, wenn sie sie auch islamisch zu begründen versuchen. (ICA)

Thinking about Religion presents a case for an inter-disciplinary science of religion, proposing that religion operates as a kind of psychological and social placebo effect. Religious belief combines thought, feeling and experience in a way that leverages the natural tendency of the mind to latch on to socially and personally useful concepts. This effect delivers tangible benefits because religious concepts and practice feed the mind's natural drive to cling to strong beliefs. At the same time, beliefs are reinforced by favourable emotional responses. Thinking about Religion explains how these elements work together to make religious belief such a powerful placebo effect. Belief is the currency of thought, and religious belief offers a powerful return on investment. Religious activity concentrates the mind's capacity to hold ideas that effectively galvanize groups and cultivate belonging.

This dissertation is a social and cultural analysis of the Guarani Indians in the Jesuit missions in the border region of Paraguay, Argentina, and Brazil from the sixteenth through the eighteenth centuries. In contrast to the numerous studies of Indians in Mexico and the Peruvian highlands, this is one of the first major ethnohistorical studies on tropical lowland Indians in South America. This work examines the multiplicity of processes by which Spaniards came to dominate the Guarani, and the extent to which the Indians shaped the encounter and maintained their cultural identity, integrity, and independence. Unlike previous studies, this dissertation examines Guarani responses to Christianity and colonialism and elucidates our understanding of their religious and cultural adaptation. It contends that although the Guarani had internalized much of the Catholic religious ideology, the missionaries were able to transform the Indians into Catholics in a limited sense by the end of the colonial period. Native texts, Indian testimonies, descriptions of religious festivals, and mission Indian artifacts all demonstrate that many of the natives still practiced their traditional beliefs, along with Catholicism. This study views the religious adaptation of Amerindians as a creative process. The Guarani developed their own version of Catholicism in the missions over the course of more than a century and a half. The work also argues that despite Spanish attempts to teach the Indians Spanish and to make them into images of themselves, the Guarani preserved many aspects of their traditional native life. This ethnohistoricai study allows comparison with existing works on the Maya, Nahuas, Incas, and other Amerindians in the New World. Guarani responses to Spanish colonialism were not so distinctive from that of other Amerindians, with the exception of the formation of ; native militias to combat Indian slave traders. Written from an interdisciplinary perspective, this work provides a more complex view of the history of the Guarani in the Jesuit missions than previous works. ; Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 55-10, Section: A, page: 3293. ; Supervisor: Susan Deans-Smith. ; Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Texas at Austin, 1994.

In recent years, anthropologists, historians, and others have been drawn to study the profuse and creative usages of digital media by religious movements. At the same time, scholars of Christian Africa have long been concerned with the history of textual culture, the politics of Bible translation, and the status of the vernacular in Christianity. Students of Islam in Africa have similarly examined politics of knowledge, the transmission of learning in written form, and the influence of new media. Until now, however, these arenas--Christianity and Islam, digital media and "old" media--have been studied separately. Religion, Media, and Marginality in Modern Africa is one of the first volumes to put new media and old media into significant conversation with one another, and also offers a rare comparison between Christianity and Islam in Africa. The contributors find many previously unacknowledged correspondences among different media and between the two faiths. In the process they challenge the technological determinism--the notion that certain types of media generate particular forms of religious expression--that haunts many studies. In evaluating how media usage and religious commitment intersect in the social, cultural, and political landscapes of modern Africa, this collection will contribute to the development of new paradigms for media and religious studies.--Publisher's summary

In den letzten Jahren hat sich das öffentliche und wissenschaftliche Interesse am Gewalt- und Konfliktpotenzial von Religion verdichtet. Angesichts der politischen Ereignisse der letzten Jahre scheint es ausgemacht, dass religiöse Überzeugungen Konflikte fördern und Gewalt nach sich ziehen. Gründlichere Analysen zeigen jedoch, dass Religion für sich genommen nur selten selber den Ausbruch von machtpolitisch oder ökonomisch ausgetragenen Konflikten bewirkt. Wohl aber kann sie vorhandene ökonomische und machtpolitische Gegnerschaften verstärken.Dass Religion auch friedensfördernd zu sein vermag, ist in jüngerer Zeit deutlich weniger in den Blick genommen worden. Die Beiträge dieses Bandes widmen sich diesem vernachlässigten Thema, indem sie nach jenen Elementen von Religion fragen, die als friedensfördernd angesehen werden können und dazu geeignet sind, entsprechende Potenziale freizusetzen. Dies geschieht aus der Perspektive von Geschichts-, Politik-, Islam und Religionswissenschaft sowie Theologie und im Hinblick auf verschiedene, in Europa präsente Religionen. Religionskritisch werden gleichzeitig die gewaltfördernden Aspekte von Religion mit reflektiert.Mit Beiträgen von Andreas Hasenclever, Alexander de Juan, Armin Kohnle, Irfan A. Omar, Peter Steinacker, Klaus von Stosch und Christiane Tietz.

Historically, religion has played a crucial role in the development of the welfare state. The current Master's thesis focuses on the role of religion in the formation of the British welfare state on two - macro institutional and micro normative - levels. By referring to the crucial theories of the field, the master's thesis emphasizes the impact of Reformed Protestantism on the development of the British welfare state until 1914. Furthermore, the master's thesis illustrates how Calvinism and Reformed Protestant denominations shaped the nature of political parties and the political system in total, which were important factors in the development of the British welfare state.

PSICOLOGÍA Y RELIGIÓN -- PÁGINA LEGAL -- I. PROBLEMAS, MÉTODOS, CORRIENTES -- II. LA CRÍTICA PSICOANALÍTICA DE LA RELIGIÓN -- BIBLIOGRAFÍA -- 1. La psicología experimental -- 2. La psicología de orientación fenomenológica -- 3. La orientación genético-estructuralista -- 1. La neurosis y el sueño como modelos -- 2. Los actos obsesivos y las prácticas religiosas (1907) -- 3. La explicación genética: Tótem y tabú (1913) -- 4. La religión en el conjunto de la cultura (...) -- 5. El sentimiento oceánico -- 6. Perspectivas críticas