Suchergebnisse

This study aims to understand and map the tourism industry and women's employment mobility in the Special Economic Zone (SEZ) of Mandalika Kuta Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. This study was a qualitative study using a case study approach with a group analysis unit. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation. The informants are an optional or criterion-based selection. Informants in this study were 120 informants. Informants were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The informants in this study are not to represent the population but represent information. Data analysis was processed through three stages. The results of the study found that the tourism industry in the Special Economic Zone of Mandalika Kuta Lombok has encouraged the new job creation and job types that were previously unknown by the community. In the category of self-employment and wage employment, there is an increase in the number due to a decrease in the status of casual work. This is a sign that there are significant job changes and job mobility. This is caused by low wages, inconvenience at work, and family factors. With the creation of various types of new jobs and the pattern of employment mobility, the efforts of self-improvement are needed, especially in terms of education and skills. Provincial and District Governments need to conduct a study of the potential and employment opportunities needed for women in the tourism industry to create links and matches between various employment sectors in the tourism industry. ; Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan memetakan industri pariwisata dan mobilitas pekerjaan perempuan di Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK) Mandalika Kuta Lombok. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus dengan unit analisis kelompok. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Informan bersifat pilihan atau criterium based selection. Informan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 120 informan. Informan dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Informan penelitian tidak untuk mewakili populasi, tetapi mewakili informasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tiga tahapan. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa industri pariwisata di Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus Mandalika Kuta Lombok telah mendorong terciptanya lapangan pekerjaan baru dan jenis pekerjaan yang sebelumnya tidak dikenal oleh masyarakat. Pada kategori status pekerjaan dengan usaha sendiri dan pekerjaan upahan terjadi peningkatan jumlah karena terjadi penurunan pada status pekerjaan lepas. Hal ini sebagai penanda ada perubahan pekerjaan yang signifikan dan terjadinya mobilitas pekerjaan. Ini disebabkan oleh upah yang sedikit, ketidaknyaman dalam bekerja, dan faktor keluarga. Dengan terciptanya berbagai jenis pekerjaan baru dan terjadi pola mobilitas pekerjaan, maka diperlukan peningkatan diri terutama dalam hal pendidikan dan keterampilan. Pemerintah Provinsi dan Kabupaten perlu melakukan kajian tentang potensi dan peluang pekerjaan yang dibutuhkan bagi perempuan pada industri pariwisata sehingga terjadi link and match antara berbagai sektor pekerjaan pada industri pariwisata.

Most of the people in Mesjid Punteuet village have a good level of work and education. Some big mothers who work as housewives have a great interest and interest in gaining skills that can be used to actualize self-development and become something that can benefit the community. One of the skills that will be provided is training in making solid soap from olive oil, palm oil and coconut which can be obtained easily and can also be obtained with coconut oil. The product that will be produced is a solid soap with attractive packaging with oil content that softens the skin compared to commercial soap products. The method that will be carried out is by making a process using cold process or cold method without heating which is easy to do for household scale. Training will also be given specifically for the safety process in making soap and the benefits of soap-making ingredients. With this activity, the goal to be achieved is to contribute, knowledge, technology related to the development of expertise in making cold-process soap while this soap product can be used for daily needs but can also be used to increase the income of housewives in the village Mesjid Punteuet.

Regional autonomy is given broad authority, real and accountable to local governments in proportion. In line with the local government should be able to utilize the potential of area resources optimally. However, under Regulation No 25 ps 2 verse 3, yr 2000 showed that specific authority perbibitan and arrangements regarding disease prevention remains a central government authority in this regard is Breed Livestock Directorate. Do with the efforts to develop livestock breeding cattle in various respo . In an effort to increase the population of cattle beef cattle , a policy that could be done by the East Java Provincial Government "Berlian" program. Meanwhile, Bali local government has declared Simantri Program, Jambi Provincial Government still relies on the center's programs, while in West Java are still doing investigations were the provinces that have the potential technical and non- technical support. This paper is part of the research results about the prospect of Livestock Breeding Beef Cattle Expansion medium scale done in 2012 by the Center for Economic and Social Agriculture . As for the location of the research done in the Province of Bali , East Java , West Java and Jambi Province Keywords: Regional Programme, Beef Cattle Breeding, National Self-Sufficiency

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Penerapan Modrenisasi Sistem administrasi perpajakan dari aspek struktur organisasi, prosedur organisasi, strategi organisasi, dan budaya organisasi terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak (KPP) Cibitung Bekasi dengan mengambil 100 sampel dari wajib pajak pribadi, dengan menyebarkan kuesioner sebagai data primer. Teknik penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil secara Random Sampling. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda menggunakan alat bantu SPSS 23.00. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan uji t statistik menunjukkan bahwa struktur organisasi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak. Prosedur organisasi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak. Strategi organisasi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak. Dan budaya organisasi tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak. Secara simultan struktur organisasi, prosedur organisasi, strategi organisasi, dan budaya organisasi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak. Hasil koefisien determinasi determinasi menunjukkan bahwa nilai R Square Adjusted (R) adalah sebesar 0.619. Hal ini berarti bahwa pengaruh struktur organisasi, prosedur organisasi, strategi organisasi, dan budaya organisasi terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak adalah sebesar 61.9% dan sisanya 38.1% (100% - 61.9% = 38.1%) dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain. Berarti penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif antara reformasi administrasi perpajakan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak. Kata kunci: Modrenisasi, Struktur, Prosedur, Strategi, Budaya,Kepatuhan) Abstract: This research purpose to analyze the effect of applying the tax administration system modification from aspects of organizational structure, organizational procedures, organizational strategy, and organizational culture to taxpayer compliance. This research was conducted at Tax Office (KPP) Cibitung Bekasi by distributing questioners to 100 samples from individual taxpayers. Samples determination technique used in this research was random sampling method. Analysis method used was double linear regression using SPSS 23.00 tool. The research result based on statistic t test shows that organization structure has significant influence to the taxpayer compliance. Organization procedure has significant influence to the taxpayer compliance. Organization strategy had significant influence to the taxpayer compliance. Organization culture has no significant influence to the taxpayer compliance. Simultaneously shows that organization structure, procedure, strategy, and culture have significant influence to the taxpayer compliance. Determinant coefficient shows that R Square Adjusted (R) value is 0.619. It means that the influence of organization structure, procedure, strategy, and culture, to the taxpayer compliance is 61.9%, and the remaining 38.1% (100%-61.9%=38.1%) is influenced by other factors. It means that It can be concluded from this research, that there is a positive influence between tax administration reform to the taxpayer compliance. Keywords: Structure, procedure, strategy, culture, and compliance

AbstractPolitical life concerns all those varieties of activity that influence significantly the kind of authoritative policy adapted for society and the way it is put into practice. We are said to the participating in political life when our activity relates in some way to the making and execution of policy for a society.Political decision making is one of the most important research domains in political psychology and rational choice theory is the most commonly use theoretical frame work to explain decision making processes.Basic assumptions (normative) rational choice theory are that individuals and choose action that are optimally related to their beliefs and values. Moreover, political decision making in particular voting is only weakly related to actual self interest.Democracy a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representative, control of an organization or group by the majority of its members. If politic is perceived as consisting of those collectivized decisions. Naturally, while all the decisions of political nature are collectivized decisions are political.While a social demoracy and the reason that makes it entirely different from a socialist democracry from a policy enforced by a socialist state upon a society. Social democracy descend from the top down. While socialist democracy is above all away of governing.

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan prinsip good governance terhadap peningkatan kualitas pelayanan publik di BPN (Badan Pertanahan Nasional) Kabupaten Pandeglang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasi dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, dimana variabel independen adalah penerapan prinsip good governance dan variabel dependen adalah peningkatan kualitas pelayanan publik. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat penerima pelayanan di BPN (Badan Pertanahan Nasional) Kabupaten Pandeglang yang diambil 100 orang untuk dijadikan sampel penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan angket tertutup. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis adalah teknik analisis korelasi product moment dan analisis regresi linier sederhana untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan prinsip good governance (X) sebagai variabel bebas terhadap peningkatan kualitas pelayanan publik (Y) sebagai variabel terikat. Hasil penenlitian ini menunjukan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara penerapan prinsip good governance (X) terhadap peningkatan kualitas pelayanan publik (Y) di BPN (Badan Pertanahan Nasional) Kabupaten Pandeglang. Hal tersebut berdasarkan pengujian analisis korelasi pearson product moment, nilai pearson correlation sebesar 1,000 dengan taraf signifikansi sebesar 0,000. Dimana, apabila nilai korelasi product moment yakni thitung lebih besar daripada ttabel atau taraf signifikansi kurang dari 0,05 dan koefisien determinasi bernilai menandakan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara Penerapan Prinsip Good Governance Terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Pelayanan Publik. Hasil penelitian ini juga diperkuat dengan uji t pada Analisis Linier Regresi Sederhana yang menunjukan bahwa thitung yaitu 4,910 lebih besar > ttabel yaitu 1,984.Kata Kunci : Good Governance, Kualitas Pelayanan Publik AbstractThis research is a correlation research with a quantitative approach, where the independent variable is the application of the principles of good governance and the dependent variable is the improvement of the quality of public services. The population in this study was the service recipient community at the BPN (National Land Agency) Pandeglang Regency, which were taken 100 people to be used as research samples. The data collection technique in this study used a closed questionnaire. The data analysis technique used to test the hypothesis is a product moment correlation analysis technique and simple linear regression analysis to determine the effect of applying the principles of good governance (X) as an independent variable to improving the quality of public services (Y) as the dependent variable. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant effect between the application of the principles of good governance (X) on improving the quality of public services (Y) at the BPN (National Land Agency) Pandeglang Regency. This is based on the Pearson product moment correlation analysis test, the Pearson correlation value is 1,000 with a significance level of 0.000. Where, if the product moment correlation value is tcount greater than ttable or the significance level is less than 0.05 and the coefficient of determination is worth indicating that there is a significant influence between the application of the principles of good governance on improving the quality of public services. The results of this study are also strengthened by the t-test on Simple Linear Regression Analysis which shows that tcount is 4.910 greater than ttable is 1.984.Keywords : Good Governance, Public Service Quality

This study aims to assess the level of trust and intention in Banjarmasin's public purchasing towards green products based on demographic variables such as gender, age, income, occupation, education and its influence on the level of trust and intention in public purchasing. This study is a survey research using questionnaires as an instrument. Population and sample used in this study is the community of Banjarmasin and taken as many as 150 respondents using non-purposive sampling method. The analysis technique used is (1) descriptive analysis of qualitative - quantitative and comparative analysis of the average using SPSS software; (2) the influence and correlation test was analyzed with SEM using IBM AMOS Software Version 22. The study found that: (1) the level of confidence and interest in people's purchasing Banjarmasin city is good enough for assessment respondents in a category; (2) The demographic segments of potential that can be used as a target market of green products : female, age 31-40 years, self-employed, earning between Rp 5 million - Rp 9,999 million and education level S-1 and S-3 (3) Segmentation demographic does not have a significant influence on the level of trust and intention in buying community towards green products because of the results of the SEM analysis for demoraphics CR value does not exceed 1.96 and the Sig. value is greater than 0.05 (4) demographic segmentation based on the type of work and level of education has a significant correlation only with trust variabels, but do not have a significant correlation with green purchase intention variabels. Keywords : Trust, purchase intention, green products, demographic segmentation

Waste water generated by the efforts of the washing of vehicles is directly discharged into water bodies or waterways will cause pollution in water bodies due to the characteristics of the washing process that generates the content of the detergent or ionic surfactants and COD concentration is high contained in the waste water washing the car and potentially causing a decrease in the quality of water bodies and cause unpleasant odors, it is caused by the nature of the detergent and oil are difficult to decompose, causing a decrease in self purification of the water body. Under these conditions, the necessary technology can be used to deal with waste car wash. This study aims to determine the ability of coagulation methods and biofilter in lowering levels of contaminants COD (chemichal Oxygen Demand) and the levels of detergentthe vehicle washing waste. This study is Praeksprimen with Pretest-Posttest Design draft that begins with a literature review, a preliminary study and research core that is making the tool coagulation and multimedia biofilter. Data on laboratory results were analyzed descriptively explained in the form of tables, graphs and narrative that describes the overall process that occurred during the study. Based on the research that the method of coagulation and multimedia biofilter reducing levels of COD (chemichal Oxygen Demand) washing the vehicle with the efficiency decreased by 55.99 mg / l (64.84%) and the content of detergent (MBAs) in wastewater effluents washing vehicles with efficiency penu (Runan of 86,05mg / l (40.05%) the processing is compliant with the standards in accordance Government Regulation No.82 of 2001 on processing of water Quality and water Pollution Control who will be discharged into water bodies class III, shall not exceed 200 mg / l.

ABSTRACTThis article deals with the loss of self-confidence of the Acehnese caused by various unhealthy social, political and economic situations as a result of prolonged conflict coupled with natural disasters and tsunami. The loss of confidence here is related to the loss of ethnicity of the Acehnese people who have been known as successful people in various aspects of human life in the past. The myths of success of the Acehnese people in the past have been denied as non-existent, in fact they have turned negative stereotypes about Acehnese people who have ruined the ethnicity of ravages in the midst of national and global society. That is why the title of this article is to trace the myths of Acehnese success in the past in order to strengthen the ethnicity of Acehnese post conflict and tsunami. The purpose of this paper is to build a collective awareness and confidence that the Acehnese are a successful nation in the past and reject any negative perceptions about the Acehnese who are seen as absolute truth. In other words, this article deals with the need to strengthen the ethnicity of Acehnese in building their success life through a "mirror" of the past success. The method used in this research is descriptive-qualitative method by collecting various data qualitatively and describing various results of descriptive data analysis. The findings show: 1) The need to revive the myths of Acehnese success in the past to build exemplary present or build success through the myth of success. 2) Rejection of negative stereotypes about Aceh and Acehnese people by generalizing negative things that seem to have been attached as the truth. 3) The need to strengthen a culture of success through the myth of past success and build a positive work ethic in the present.Key words: myths of success, Acehnese, strengthening, ethnicity.

Conflict and violence was the destructive reality that showed reduction and alienated of existence humanity. The essence of human being has destruction because dominance of egoism of people's without care value of victim community. Because of that condition, the basic need to create a culture of peace as constructive reality that connected relationship between all of people is urgently. On the level individual and group, the acceptance of "the other‐self" as him/herself has destroy the wall of differences which always be source of conflict and violence. The fusion identity "we" (ingroup) and "them" (outgroup) has establish common ingroup identity as "us" in recategorization process that contribution to reduction negative aspect seems like prejudice, discrimination and stereotype. This research involve four subject with age 20‐30 years old, genre as masculin and feminin, and they have a comprehensive science about pela tradition. Other informant like a King of negeri, Kapitan negeri and all of people also involve in this research. Qualitative method with ethno‐phenomenology approach is use in this research with observation and interview as method and procedure to collect data. The result of this research showed that culture of peace can be found in local wisdom as pela tradition. The basic idea in this tradition is a common identity "saudara/orang basudara" which has calling as "ela". Pscychological dynamics occur in this perspective because the word of "ela" to contain a constructive and positive meaning that arranged relation between the groups Rohomoni‐Tuhaha. Implementation of values the culture of peace has been seen in the behavioral "saudara pela" that mutual constructive, trust, respect. This fact could be found in Molluccas conflict at 1999‐2004, pela tradition can be the media reconciliation between two groups Moslem and Christian.

ABSTRACTNationalism, ideology based on the premise that the individual's loyalty anddevotion to the nation state surpass other individual or group interest nationalismis a modern movement. A consciousness of the part of individuals or groups ofmembership in a nation, whether one's or another. A state of mind, permeating thelarge majority of people and climing to permeate all its members, it recognizes thenation state as the ideal form of political organization and the nationality as thesource of all creative cultural energy and economic will being.Nationalism is a political, social, and economic system characterized by thepromotion of the interest of particular nation, especially with the aim of gainingand maintaining sovereignty (self governance). The supreme loyalty of man istherefore do to this nationality, as his own life is supposedly rooted in and madepossible by its welfare.The policy or doctrine of asserting the interest of one's own nation viewed asseparate from the interest of all nation and idiom or trait peculiar to a nation, amovement, as in the arts, based upon the folk idioms, history, aspirations of anation. Nationalism is a strong attachment to a particular country or nation. It isalso called patriotism many historians consider nationalism to be one of the mostimportant forces in shaping modern history. Nationalism can have a positiveinfluence by giving people a sense of belonging to a national community.Integral nationalism, this stage of nationalism centers the nation and its state in thelife of all citizens. Instead of a state being committed to supplying public goods tocitizens, this form of nationalism emphasizes individuals sacrifice for the benefit ofthe nation and its government.Nationalism is a simple and relativist political ideology that holds tremendous waywith millions of voters and many government. Nationalism's adaptability to mostlocal conditions allows it to thrive, especially when supported by a governmentintent on expanding its own power, domestically and internationally. It's andattractive ideology for political leaders, as it provides a ready made and widelybelieved justification for increased political power in order to make the nation.Indonesia's leader want to wean the country off commodities and push investmentin value added manufacturing and services to emulate the success of countries. Theargument that Indonesia needs to focus on overhauling education andinfrastructure to lift the country's productivity and help boost its economy.Its vision of the inevitable transformation of the nation state system by globalprocesses that the nation state was entering a period of crisis. The argue thatnationalism would only intensity as states the growing challenge of globalization.

The General Elections Commission (KPU) is a state institution that conducts general elections in Indonesia, which includes general election of members of DPR / DPD / DPRD, presidential election of vice president, and general election of Regional Head and Deputy Regional Head. In increasing this participation, it is necessary to encourage the various parties to increase the political participation of the community in the implementation of the General Elections either from the Regional Government, Self or KPU as the Institution that performs the task of conducting the General Elections. This type of research is qualitative with descriptive approach. The sample in this research is the Chairman of KPU and KPU members 1 person, 2 persons pawaslu 2, village apparatus, people and society who have been included in the permanent voter list (DPT) 40 people. In this research, the researcher uses data collecting technique such as: Questionnaire, Interview, and Documentation. The results of this research, According to data sources from the Election Commission of Agam Regency, the number of permanent voters in Agam 2015 Election is 48,325 people. That the number of legislative elections the participation rate of the public as much as 67.24%. Furthermore, the role of the General Elections Commission in increasing the political participation of the people in Agam Regency only put banners on the highway, the results of which found that the implementation of the election must be far from Money politics. In line with the findings discussed above, The Election Commission in Agam Regency has performed its duty as the organizer of the General Election, especially in the Regional Head Election of 2015. This can be seen from the Regional Head Election of 2015 has resulted in one pair of Regional Head and Deputy Head of Region. Problems or obstacles encountered in the implementation of the implementation of elections is a matter of insufficient resources apparatus and budget so that in the implementation of the implementation of elections itself can not be implemented optimally. In the election commission which must be done to overcome the problem of the general election to be completed as soon as possible in a policy to optimize all problems that arise in the field of elections to the electoral commission. The problem of the campaign does not stop at that point alone, the candidates who have spent a lot of money in meeting the needs of their campaigns sociologically assume it is their capital occupied the seat of office which is analogous to the venture capital. As a milestone for the party of democracy party, KPU can use its authority to make regulation (KPU regulation) about the limit of number of candidate's fund to conduct campaign. In the law it is regulated that the financial aspect of the candidate is audited by a public accountant but the way tends to be easily by using funding out of the candidate's fund. This can be seen in ICW's research on the time-making of technical rules related to campaign funds that are very late, In addition to experiencing delays in terms of preparation time, the substance of the arrangements also seem normative. Some of the additions included in this support rule even seem to be absurd and unworkable. Existing rules are deemed not to support the achievement of transparency and accountability of campaign fund.Keywords: Election, Money Politics, KPU

In Islamic law, khamr is a common type of alcoholic beverage that is forbidden for consumption due to its elements that can intoxicate and lead to loss of self-control. The government of Indonesia also forbids people from consuming the intoxicating beverage in certain levels. Nevertheless, a community group in Batu Payuang Halaban, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia, wherein their daily lives can be found a type of traditional beverage as same as khamr that is a fermented juice of sugar palm bunches. The people call it "tuak". This research aims to investigate how the people of Nagari Batu Payuang produce aia niro and tuak, their motives for buying, selling, and consuming the drink, and judging it from the perspective of Islamic law (hadd al-syurb). This type of research is field research with a qualitative approach. Data sources consisted of primary and secondary. The data collection was conducted by observing the process of producing aia niro, tuak, and the transaction, and in-depth interviews with owners of sugar palm plantation, tuak producers, buyers, sellers, consumers, and local ulama (Islamic scholars). The data were analyzed in descriptive by reduction, display, and verification. To examine this research, the theory used was the concept of hadd al-syurb in Islamic law and the regulation on alcoholic beverages in Indonesia. The results show that aia niro is produced by extracting the bunches of male sugar palm and it is the raw material to produce tuak by leaving the aia niro in jerry cans and adding agarwood bark for 3 days. The sellers have various reasons to sell tuak and its raw materials. Besides the price is higher than brown sugar, it is also motivated by personal and other economic reasons as well as easier processing. People who drink tuak realize that it is intoxicating in a certain amount but they drink it to warm their bodies and relieve their fatigues. In the concept of hadd al-syurb, consuming tuak as an intoxicating substance is haram (forbidden) and is condemned to those who drink it. However, they who trade it are not punished by hudud since the Sunna proposition only refers to the transaction as an act of curse. ; Dalam konteks hukum Islam, khamr adalah salah satu jenis minuman yang dilarang untuk dikonsumsi karena mengandung unsur yang dapat memabukkan dan menghilangkan fungsi akal. Pemerintah Indonesia juga melarang masyarakat mengkonsumsi minuman memabukkan dalam kadar tertentu. Meskipun demikian, ada kelompok masyarakat di Batu Payuang Halaban, Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, Provinsi Sumatera Barat, Indonesia, yang dalam keseharian mereka ditemukan jenis minuman tradisional yang berfungsi sama dengan khamr. Mereka menyebutnya dengan nama tuak yang berasal dari fermentasi air perasan tandan aren. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara masyarakat Nagari Batu Payuang memproduksi aia niro dan tuak serta mengetahui alasan mereka melakukan jual beli dan mengkonsumsinya, kemudian menilainya dari sudut pandang hukum Islam (hadd al-syurb). Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data terdiri dari sumber data primer dan sekunder. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi proses pembuatan aia niro, tuak dan jual belinya, wawancara mendalam dengan pemilik kebun aren, produsen tuak, pembeli, penjual, konsumen dan ulama lokal. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan cara reduksi, display dan verifikasi. Teori yang digunakan untuk menelaah kajian ini adalah konsep hadd al-syurb dalam hukum Islam dan pengaturan minuman keras di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cara produksi aia niro adalah dengan menyadap tandan bunga jantan dan airnya digunakan untuk membuat tuak dengan cara mendiamkan aia niro itu dalam jeriken dan menambahkan kulit kayu gaharu selama 3 hari. Para penjual memiliki alasan yang beragam ketika menjual tuak maupun bahan bakunya. Selain harganya lebih tinggi dari gula merah juga karena alasan pribadi dan ekonomis lainnya serta proses pengolahannya yang lebih mudah. Masyarakat yang suka meminum tuak mengetahui bahwa tuak itu memabukkan dalam jumlah tertentu tetapi mereka meminumnya hanya untuk memanaskan tubuh dan menghilangkan rasa penat. Dalam konsep hadd al-syurb, mengkonsumsi tuak sebagai zat yang memabukkan adalah haram dan dihukum hudud orang yang meminumnya. Tetapi orang yang memperjualbelikannya tidak dihukum hudud karena dalil Sunah hanya menyebut jual belinya sebagai perbuatan yang dilaknat.