Article describes the issues of shaping the structures of local government administration considering new concepts of public management. Attention will be focused on governance, which determines two paradigms of public administration: public administration aimed at cooperation and organized in a network manner. Will evaluate the degree of their impact on the structure of local government administration in Poland. Further considerations will aim to identify the relationship between the quality of governance and administrative structure of local government. The quality of governance is recognized (by the World Bank) in six dimensions of good governance, which is a function of appropriately shaped bodies. Striving to meet the criteria of good governance may involve restrictions on the use of cooperation and networking paradigms. ; Artykuł podejmuje problematykę kształtowania struktur administracji samorządowej w świetle nowych koncepcji funkcjonowania sektora publicznego. Uwaga została skoncentrowana na współzarządzaniu, które wyznacza dwa paradygmaty administracji publicznej: administrację publiczną ukierunkowaną na współpracę oraz zorganizowaną w sposób sieciowy. Ocenie poddany został stopień ich wpływu na kształtowanie struktury administracji samorządowej w Polsce. Dalsze rozważania miały na celu identyfikację związku pomiędzy jakością rządzenia a strukturą administracyjną samorządu terytorialnego. Jakość rządzenia ujmowana jest (za Bankiem Światowym) w sześciu wymiarach dobrego rządzenia, które z kolei jest funkcją odpowiednio ukształtowanych instytucji. Dążenie do spełnienia kryteriów dobrego rządzenia może wiązać się z ograniczeniami w stosowaniu paradygmatów współpracy i sieci.
This article analyzes the civil society dimension and pays particular attention to the role of civil society's organizations within the EU's Eastern Partnership's governance and networking processes. The study is based on the EU's documents' analysis and the data of qualitative interviews conducted between 2011-2014 from the respondents of the EU's institutions (European Commission, EEAS, EP), member states' representations in Brussels, and the members of the Eastern Partnership civil society forum created in 2009. The study shows that the representatives of civil society organizations are seeking to be involved and are existent in most of the stages and interactional modes of the EU's relations with the Eastern Partnership countries, and this process predicts the conditions for the emergence of international governance in the Eastern neighborhood space. On the other hand, the representatives of CSOs are complaining about not being involved enough in the negotiations deciding over the Association or other kind of agreements between the EU and their (EaP) country.
This article analyzes the civil society dimension and pays particular attention to the role of civil society's organizations within the EU's Eastern Partnership's governance and networking processes. The study is based on the EU's documents' analysis and the data of qualitative interviews conducted between 2011-2014 from the respondents of the EU's institutions (European Commission, EEAS, EP), member states' representations in Brussels, and the members of the Eastern Partnership civil society forum created in 2009. The study shows that the representatives of civil society organizations are seeking to be involved and are existent in most of the stages and interactional modes of the EU's relations with the Eastern Partnership countries, and this process predicts the conditions for the emergence of international governance in the Eastern neighborhood space. On the other hand, the representatives of CSOs are complaining about not being involved enough in the negotiations deciding over the Association or other kind of agreements between the EU and their (EaP) country.
This article analyzes the civil society dimension and pays particular attention to the role of civil society's organizations within the EU's Eastern Partnership's governance and networking processes. The study is based on the EU's documents' analysis and the data of qualitative interviews conducted between 2011-2014 from the respondents of the EU's institutions (European Commission, EEAS, EP), member states' representations in Brussels, and the members of the Eastern Partnership civil society forum created in 2009. The study shows that the representatives of civil society organizations are seeking to be involved and are existent in most of the stages and interactional modes of the EU's relations with the Eastern Partnership countries, and this process predicts the conditions for the emergence of international governance in the Eastern neighborhood space. On the other hand, the representatives of CSOs are complaining about not being involved enough in the negotiations deciding over the Association or other kind of agreements between the EU and their (EaP) country.
The master's thesis analyzes the problems of smart city cultural governance. The smart governance of cultural policy is perceived as a multidimensional phenomenon that includes the smartness, smart management, smart public management and smart cultural management. In order to reveal the problematic aspects of the research, the aim was to develop a theoretical model of smart city cultural governance and to evaluate Šiauliai city smart cultural governace functioning. The result of qualitative content analysis based on scientific sources is 3 chapters of the theoretical part: smart management, smart city and expression of intelligence in cultural management. The smart governance chapter reveals the key aspects of smartness as a fundamental component of the smart social system and the concepts of smart governance, smart public governance. Second chapter introduces the key concepts of smart city, discusses the essentials of smart city, presents smart city model, identifies the quality of smart social system. The third chapter presents and discusses different conceptual approaches of cultural management, on which are based theoretical model of smart city cultural governance. The theoretical smart city cultural governance model consists of six dimensions and eighteen qualities of a smart social system. The methodological part of the research describes the chosen qualitative research strategy, which is applied for: analysis of the content of scientific sources, analysis of the content of legal acts and informants' provisions. The theoretical model of smart city cultural governance is based on the results of the analysis of theoretical sources and a partially structured interview results. In the analysis part of the research results legal acts of different level are analyzed: legal acts of the European Union, Lithuanian national level (strategic documents, legal acts), local level strategic documents. The project of the law called the Fundamentals of Lithuania culture, which is going a long way to be confirmed by the Parlament of the Republic of Lithuania, is also analyzed. 10 informants participated in the survey of informants' attitudes. The content analysis of the informants' attitudes was done, on which base was formed Šiauliai smart culture governing model. In order to determine the functioning of the smart social management system in Šiauliai, a quality assessment was carried out. According to the evaluation, eighteen qualities of the smart social system were distributed: 5 qualities work well, 10 qualities work moderately and 3 qualities perform poorly. For poor performed qualities are made recommendations.
The master's thesis analyzes the problems of smart city cultural governance. The smart governance of cultural policy is perceived as a multidimensional phenomenon that includes the smartness, smart management, smart public management and smart cultural management. In order to reveal the problematic aspects of the research, the aim was to develop a theoretical model of smart city cultural governance and to evaluate Šiauliai city smart cultural governace functioning. The result of qualitative content analysis based on scientific sources is 3 chapters of the theoretical part: smart management, smart city and expression of intelligence in cultural management. The smart governance chapter reveals the key aspects of smartness as a fundamental component of the smart social system and the concepts of smart governance, smart public governance. Second chapter introduces the key concepts of smart city, discusses the essentials of smart city, presents smart city model, identifies the quality of smart social system. The third chapter presents and discusses different conceptual approaches of cultural management, on which are based theoretical model of smart city cultural governance. The theoretical smart city cultural governance model consists of six dimensions and eighteen qualities of a smart social system. The methodological part of the research describes the chosen qualitative research strategy, which is applied for: analysis of the content of scientific sources, analysis of the content of legal acts and informants' provisions. The theoretical model of smart city cultural governance is based on the results of the analysis of theoretical sources and a partially structured interview results. In the analysis part of the research results legal acts of different level are analyzed: legal acts of the European Union, Lithuanian national level (strategic documents, legal acts), local level strategic documents. The project of the law called the Fundamentals of Lithuania culture, which is going a long way to be confirmed by the Parlament of the Republic of Lithuania, is also analyzed. 10 informants participated in the survey of informants' attitudes. The content analysis of the informants' attitudes was done, on which base was formed Šiauliai smart culture governing model. In order to determine the functioning of the smart social management system in Šiauliai, a quality assessment was carried out. According to the evaluation, eighteen qualities of the smart social system were distributed: 5 qualities work well, 10 qualities work moderately and 3 qualities perform poorly. For poor performed qualities are made recommendations.
The article focuses on the theoretical and practical analysis of various levels of governance in higher education - at the systemic level, at the institutional level and at the level of public policy making in higher education system and universities. Both Poland and Ukraine are facing the common challenges of the urgent need to diminish bureaucracy at universities and to deregulate the system of higher education, which requires the necessary changes to the legal framework at the institutional and systemic levels. The article considers which tools in the process of transformation of higher education, both at the macro (governance in HES and public policy) and micro (governance and management in HEI) levels can be used in order to find effective solutions in the areas of management, governance and public policy in the higher education system. ; Artykuł poświęcony analizie teoretycznej oraz praktycznej różnych poziomów rządzenia (governance) w szkolnictwie wyższym - na poziomie systemowym, instytucyjnym i na poziomie polityki państwa wobec systemu szkolnictwa wyższego oraz uniwersytetów. Zarówno Polska, jak i Ukraina stają wobec wspólnego wyzwania konieczności odbiurokratyzowania działania uczelni i deregulacji systemu szkolnictwa wyższego, co wymaga niezbędnych zmian reguł ładu instytucjonalnego i systemowego. W artykule pokazano, jakie narzędzia w procesie transformacji szkolnictwa wyższego zarówno na poziomie makro (governance in HES i polityka publiczna), jak i mikro (governance i management in HEI) mogą być wykorzystane w celu podejmowania skutecznych rozwiązań w obszarach: zarządzanie, governance i polityka publiczna w systemie szkolnictwa wyższego.
The functions and powers of local self-governance are broadly discussed at all levels of government institutions, non-governmental organizations and communities. There is an expressed position that local communities and their local self-governing institutions should be given the power of subsidiary decision making in locally specific issues. However, year after year, the unanimous attitude is suppressed by financial and fiscal dependence upon the central government, unreasonably large territorial units with high population density. These circumstances limit down the decision-making and, moreover, the implementation of the decisions. From this point of view, the financial and fiscal powers of local self-governing institutions and, consequently, the decision-making strata are significantly different from those in other Baltic and Central European countries, as well as Scandinavian states. This article deals with the analysis of local self-governing administration in terms of its fiscal and financial empowerment, the size of the local communities and its impact on decision-making. A comparison is drawn with Scandinavian, central European and Baltic countries. ; Lietuvos vietos savivaldos funkcionavimo bei jos galių klausimu daug diskutuojama įvairių lygių valdžios institucijose, visuomeninėse organizacijose, bendruomenėse. Vieningai pritariama, jog būtina suteikti didesnes galias pačioms bendruomenėms bei jų išrinktoms vietos valdžios institucijoms spręsti tas problemas, kurias jos geriausiai išmano (subsidiarumas). Deja, metai iš metų, kalbant apie vietos savivaldos galių didinimą, nesikeičia vietos savivaldos finansinė ir fiskalinė priklausomybė nuo centrinės valdžios, lieka nepagrįstai dideli savivaldybių teritorijos dydžiai (gyventojų kiekis). Tai lemia ribotas sprendimų priėmimo galimybes, jau priimtų sprendimų įgyvendinimą. Lietuvos vietos savivaldos finansinis ir fiskalinis savarankiškumas bei iš to sekanti sprendimų priėmimo galimybė gerokai skiriasi nuo kitų Baltijos bei Vidurio Europos ir Skandinavijos valstybių. Šis straipsnis skirtas mūsų valstybės vietos savivaldos fiskalinio bei finansinio savarankiškumo bei savivaldybių dydžių palyginti su Skandinavijos, Vidurio Europos ir Baltijos valstybėmis nulemtai sprendimų priėmimo galių analizei.
The problem examined in the paper is part of a broader reflection on public governance, especially in its territorial dimension. The author focuses mainly on the modernisation of the public sector in Poland and the world with regard to the principles of participatory democracy as evidenced by the practice of urban governance. In particular, the author focuses on one of the tools that stimulate participation, i.e. participatory budgeting, which has recently resulted in a breakthrough trend in institutional practice and which can be regarded as an innovation in public governance. The aim of the paper is to examine the impact of the implementation of participatory budgeting on governance in selected Polish cities. The whole analysis is carried out in the context of normative assumptions and the analysed problem highlights the question of the standards of good public governance, which should be respected at the local level. The paradigm adopted by the author reflects the call for the "right to the city for the citizens," i.e. an approach whereby cities should develop not only in order to support the economy but also to be able to meet people's aspirations to a better quality of life.
The article discusses current dilemmas of the European Union policy with regard to the development of competitive and low emission transport in the context of good governance principles. The first part discusses selected assumptions of the idea of public governance reflected in the EU transport policy. Then the current degree of development of the EU transport was assessed. The assessment of consequences of increased demand for transport confirmed the need to efficiently deliver on the strategy for the development of low emission transport. It is also stressed that the implementation of the assumptions of the public governance idea may be seen as an innovative solution in managing a complex network of ties and coordination of policies at different levels and support the shift towards low emission, circular economy model in transport. However, attention has been paid to the need to continue studies on the assessment of efficiency and effectiveness of good governance principles. ; Artykuł jest poświęcony prezentacji aktualnych dylematów polityki Unii Europejskiej dotyczących rozwoju konkurencyjnego i niskoemisyjnego transportu w kontekście realizacji zasad dobrego rządzenia (good governance). W pierwszej części artykułu omówiono wybrane założenia koncepcji współrządzenia (public governance), mające odzwierciedlenie w polityce transportowej Unii Europejskiej. Następnie dokonano oceny obecnego stanu rozwoju transportu Unii Europejskiej. Ocena konsekwencji wzrostu popytu na transport potwierdziła potrzebę efektywnej realizacji strategii na rzecz rozwoju niskoemisyjnego transportu. Podkreślono, że wdrażanie założeń koncepcji public governance może stanowić nowatorskie rozwiązanie w zakresie zarządzania skomplikowaną siecią powiązań i koordynacji polityk na wszystkich szczeblach, wspierając przejście transportu do modelu gospodarki niskoemisyjnej o obiegu zamkniętym. Zwrócono jednak uwagę na potrzebę kontynuacji badań nad oceną skuteczności i efektywności realizacji zasad good governance.
The paper offers a case study of the Marianske Lazne administration as an example of the New Public Governance (NPG) approach ed in the Czech Republic. The focus is on the particular pillars representing the features of NPG. Until now, five months after the general election, the particular attention of the Pirate Party on the determinants of NPG objectives could be observed through: making all meetings of the board's expert commissions accessible for the general public; publishing all documents discussed by the town's council on the internet; making all the town's banking accounts transparent; creating a department of internal audit separated from the rest of the administration; granting the status of a permanent guest at the board's meetings to a representative of the opposition; doubling the frequency of the council's meetings; preparing new rules of procedure facilitating the participation of citizens in the council's meetings; strengthening the communication channels between the council on the one hand and the chairpersons of expert commissions and directors of municipal organisations on the other; cancelling the positions with unclear benefits for the town; and making the rules of using municipal funds more transparent. There are still mo re evident measures expected in the areas of the second and third pillars of the Pirates' program, that is the provision of quality services for citizens and vicular and the positive development of tfie town's spa industry.
The article focuses on the theoretical and practical analysis of various levels of governance in higher education - at the systemic level, at the institutional level and at the level of public policy making in higher education system and universities. Both Poland and Ukraine are facing the common challenges of the urgent need to diminish bureaucracy at universities and to deregulate the system of higher education, which requires the necessary changes to the legal framework at the institutional and systemic levels. The article considers which tools in the process of transformation of higher education, both at the macro (governance in HES and public policy) and micro (governance and management in HEI) levels can be used in order to find effective solutions in the areas of management, governance and public policy in the higher education system.
In the evolution of public governance, the wide range of public governance changes and reforms require the consolidation of innovative ideology and practice. Therefore it is necessary to modify traditional governance values, to develop the options of incremental change models, to improve the functioning of social systems and subsystems, their activities and communication between them. In the modern era of globalization and development of information technology, many functions and processes are being implemented by using network systems. Networks are an essential structural form, which helps to seek the new knowledge, to exchange information and experiences, and networking ensures these processes and their results. Network and networking researches in recent decades have become important not only in informatics or economics, but also in other scientific fields such as political science, sociology and public administration. Innovative solutions, related to the development of networked forms in the governance of public sector organizations, become increasingly important in the evolution of new public governance doctrine. By the influence of networked forms of governance, the public sector becomes more decentralized, pluralistic and provides the opportunities to consolidate cooperation with non-governmental subjects. Networks are becoming an important alternative to hierarchy and control mechanisms. The problem of this research is the complexity of networking dimensional specification in the rapidly changing modern public governance. The purpose of the study is to identify the key concepts of networking constructions and practice opportunities in the environment of the public governance changes. The article analyzes the typology aspects of: network structures, which develop integration opportunities; network systems, models and types; networking processes and their efficiency, effectiveness, functional possibilities. The authors, based on the opportunities of interpretive methods and theoretical modeling, in the article seek to summarize the indicators of newly developed new public governance doctrine, in which public administration theorists distinguish different types of policy, management and economic networks systems, described as a network structures and networking. As important task, the authors of this article hold the necessity to disclose the positions of the various authors, analyzing the interactions between the networking participants' quantitative and qualitative dimensions, normative and standardized elements of state institutions, as decision making, conflict regulation, the development of networks and networking as a systematic processes and organization performance management. The particular attention the authors distinguish to the social relations, i.e. the organizational functioning and cultural aspects of social networking, and the categorization analysis of social capital (in the context of the networking process). The authors conclude that modern public governance, influenced by global changes, has a multidimensional nature and the characteristics of cross-sectoral interaction and development of network structure formation. A special factor of new public governance becomes the development of hybrid organizations. These factors are the priority dimensions of scientific academic debates. They are underlined in the fixation of new public governance indicators, management process of public sector organizations, establishing organizational culture, value orientations and behaviour standards. Networking as a form of public government, becomes increasingly important instrumentation in modern public government methodologies and practices. Networking qualitative characteristics depend on many factors: the preparation of organizations, the professionalism of supervisors, leaders and managers, the development of democratic governance trends, the interaction with stakeholders and associations. Important factor (especially in an official and centralized networking level) becomes the social and service networks and the political, administrative and legal regulation of networks performance, which establish the responsibility, functional purposes, the forms of informal networks in organizations, and the rules of performance. The successful and efficient functioning of networking is possible only if there are created network systems with the explicit dimensions of social networks and social performance systems. ; Straipsnyje, remiantis mokslinių šaltinių metaanalizės, mišrios analitinės sintezės, interpretacinio modeliavimo metodais, bandoma atskleisti esmines tinklaveikos, kaip šiuolaikinio viešojo valdymo etapo, tipologijos raiškos formas, tyrimo dėmesį sutelkiant į kompleksinį naujojo viešojo valdymo pobūdį, įvertinant tinklaveikos tyrimų metodologinį reikšmingumą, veiklos metodologiją traktuojant kaip viešųjų struktūrų tyrimo ir veiklos valdymo logiką. Straipsnio autoriai aptaria naujojo viešojo valdymo evoliucijos procesus, kai vis svarbesnė tampa valdymo pokyčių kokybė, į rezultatus nukreipta veiklos vadyba, inovacinių valdymo sprendimų rengimas ir įgyvendinimas.
