Suchergebnisse

The formation of professional competencies is facilitated by modern educational technologies, methods and forms of education. Today, there is a demand for training in new skills, which is associated with an increase in the competitiveness of an employee in the labor market. The competence-based approach in educational institutions actualizes the problems of graduate modeling and lifelong learning. The subject of the study is the professional competencies of specialists in the labor market, and the object is the formation of digital competencies in the training of personnel for the labor market. The hypothesis of the study is that the landscape of the labor market is developing in such a way that most jobs can become hybrid and the acquisition of skills will be based on an appropriate form of training. The study used the methods of bibliographic search, the method of problem analysis, induction and deduction, dialectical methods, statistical analysis. In the course of scientific research: (1) a description of the level of competencies in the context of digitalization and a model of the relationship between standard and digital competencies is presented; (2) the forms and methods of training in the digital economy are substantiated to ensure the balance of supply and demand in the labor market; (3) it was revealed that new formats of education provide an opportunity to receive education with the necessary competencies both during the pandemic and the turbulent state of the economy. The results of the study can be used by educational institutions and the Ministry of Labor in forecasting personnel and developing a state strategy for developing the country's intellectual potential

Introduction. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the institution of postdoctoral studies, which exists in all countries with a developed science and technology complex. Methods. The research is based on the study of scientific literature, normative legal documents, reports on the monitoring of the scientific foundations activities, as well as on a retrospective analysis of individual characteristics of the institute of postdoctoral studies. Results and Discussion. To make possible the development of the Russian-language scholarly dispute the author has clarified the terms defining some notions of the postdoctoral institution. The main results include the synthesis of the practice of postdoctoral training of young scientists abroad and the identification of its features in the countries with the highest expenditures on science. Also, the article presents an analysis of the motives of young researchers for refusing from the university research and development in favor of a postdoc position. The article presents an analysis of characteristics and the practice of the postdoctoral institution functioning in the USA, Great Britain and Germany, where this form of personnel training exists for quite a long time and in the context of little attention of the government to it. Also, it presents the experience of such countries as China and Japan, where the postdoc programmes appeared only in 1980s and 1990s. The results obtained made it possible to draw a number of conclusions and reveal some regularities in the functioning of the institution under research. Conclusion. Postdoctoral training is an opportunity for improving the qualifications of a young scientist, however, the number of postdocs is growing much faster than the number of positions on the terms of an indefinite employment contract or tenured professors in university staff schedules. Therefore, competition in the labour market of young scientists is increasing abroad, and the effects of monopsony, such as wage discrimination and the emergence ...

The review presents the manuscript of the textbook "Criminalistics", which is being prepared for publication. In the manuscript, the authors of the textbook, based on the established traditional approaches to criminology textbooks that have developed in Russian science, consistently present the material that is conceptually linked by the table of contents of the publication. It pays special attention not only to the already established and well-established educational knowledge, but also to the knowledge relevant to the current situation in which the law enforcement agencies of Russia function. Consistently in the sections of the criminalistics system in the textbook, the issues of criminalistic identification, forecasting, situational modeling and the basics of information and methodological use of criminalistics data in other types of law enforcement activities are revealed. The textbook reflects almost all the institutes of technical support of the investigation, including the issues of genetic identification of the individual, the study of computer information, the basics of the use of "artificial" intelligence in the investigation of crimes, expert activity in the investigation. Special attention is paid to the tactics of verbal and non-verbal investigative actions. For the first time, the issue of establishing causal relationships in the process of investigating crimes is considered. In the system of private forensic techniques, the authors have included both traditional and current methods of investigating crimes against public security and state power, terrorist and extremist orientation, official and official crimes, as well as crimes committed in the field of computer information.

Олимпиадное движение является системой интеллектуальных соревнований, признаваемых мировым сообществом. В современной России впервые за всю историю олимпиадного движения в конкурсной программе появились и гуманитарные предметы, среди которых английский язык в 1998 году. За годы эволюции испытаний по данному глобальному языку существенно изменилось содержание комплектов контрольно-измерительных материалов – появились творческие задачи, направленные на развитие креативности, критического мышления, логики. В рамках нашего исследования мы анализируем принципы успешной подготовки типичного олимпиадника, и цель отражается в определении профессиональных ролей педагогов, с которыми сталкиваются школьники в олимпиадном движении. Методологически исследование выстраивается на принципах системного, деятельностного, аксиологического и культурологического подходов. Нами используются следующие теоретические методы: изучение научной литературы по теме, обобщение, категоризация. Помимо этого, нами были применены эмпирические методы: изучение нормативных документов олимпиадного движения, беседа, опрос, анкетирование, ранжирование. Было проведено онлайн-анкетирование школьников, которые принимали участие в олимпиаде по английскому языку в 2022–2023 учебном году. В рамках исследования нами были выделены следующие профессиональные роли: школьный учитель, преподаватель языковых курсов, олимпиадный тренер, учитель – носитель языка, частный репетитор, студент-дипломант. Теоретическая значимость исследования преломляется в обосновании профессиональных ролей педагогов, которые причастны к олимпиадному движению. Нами выделяется роль олимпиадного тренера, описывается ее функционал, объясняются предпосылки ее важности для завоевания дипломов воспитанниками образовательного учреждения. Результаты исследования могут использоваться общеобразовательными учреждениями для реформирования организации олимпиадного движения в школе. На более глобальном уровне полученные нами данные могут привести к созданию программ повышения квалификации в педагогических вузах, а также к рассмотрению функционала тренеров в рамках получения высшего педагогического образования.
The Olympiad movement is a system of intellectual competitions recognized by the world community. In modern Russia, for the first time in the history of the Olympiad movement, humanitarian subjects appeared in the competition program, including English in 1998. Over the years of the evolution of tests on this global language, the content of sets of control and measuring materials has significantly changed, among which creative tasks have appeared aimed at developing creativity, critical thinking, logic. As part of our research, we analyze the principles of successful training of a typical Olympiad, and the goal is reflected in the definition of the professional roles of teachers that schoolchildren face in the Olympiad movement. Methodologically, the study is built on the principles of systemic, activity, axiological and cultural approaches. We use the following theoretical methods: the study of scientific literature on the topic, generalization, categorization. In addition, we applied empirical methods: studying the regulatory documents of the Olympiad movement, conversation, polling, questioning, ranking. An online questionnaire was conducted for schoolchildren who took part in the Olympiad in the 2022-2023 academic year. As part of the study, we identified the following professional roles: a school teacher, a teacher of language courses, an Olympiad tutor, a native teacher, a private tutor, and a diploma student. Theoretical significance is refracted in justifying the professional roles of teachers who are involved in the Olympiad movement. We distinguish the role of an Olympiad tutor, describe its functionality, explain the prerequisites for its importance for winning diplomas by pupils of an educational institution. The results of the study can be used by educational institutions to reform the organization of the Olympiad movement at school. At a more global level, the data obtained by us can lead to the creation of advanced training programs in pedagogical universities, as well as the consideration of the functionality of coaches in the framework of obtaining higher education for pedagogical professions.

Pedagogical researches in the field of the high education show that the increase in rupture between professional training experts and their spiritually-moral
culture is observed. Therefore spiritual updating of a modern Russian society in the
conditions of active transformation of all parties of his life becomes problem the
state importance. The given problem relevant search of formations of spirituallymoral culture of students in system formations both on theoretical, and at remedial
level.
Formation of spiritually-moral culture very important for professional activity. Spirituality of the employee of law-enforcement bodies is defined by that, what
does he think of the activity, as it attitude as co-ordinates interests and requirements with it as in its pony-mania professional work is interfaced with social and
spirits the significant values of a society. We approach to the decision of the put
problem is system, having accepted the system approach for methodology, permit
to develop is substantial-theoretical, is standard-organizational, administrative
conditions for spiritually-moral formation of graduates of high school.
The author comes to a conclusion that the technology of modeling by training in high school represents the mechanism of interaction of components of complete system, in which means of realization of the purposes are provided purposefulness and organized activity of subjects of education and the self-education,
promoting of spiritually-moral qualities at the future experts of law-enforcement
bodies.

The article provides in-depth consideration into insufficiently explored issues of naval air forces history and namely of Yeisky Naval Air School. Case studies based on decisive data have traced out its important educational attainments in naval staff training. The article has pinned out some urgent issues of retrieval in educational service (though certainly, it has some specific characteristics) which has demonstrated its value in practice. Archival materials, veteran-pilots and Yeisky Naval School graduates reminiscences have been used as well. ; В статье на конкретных примерах раскрываются малоизвестные страницы истории авиации флота, показывается заслуженный вклад Ейского Военно-Морского авиационного училища в подготовку славной когорты воздушных бойцов, рассматриваются вопросы необходимости возвращения к оправдавшей себя системе обучения, имеющей безусловно специфические особенности. В статье использованы архивные материалы, воспоминания ветеранов морской авиации и выпускников Ейского училища.

The research objective is developing and theoretical justification of the innovative project of scientifically-methodical teacher training. The teacher should be ready to perform mathematical education modernized in the context of fundamentalization ideas. Scientific originality of the research: it is identified and substantiated the fundamental kernel of the maintenance of scientifically-methodical elementary school teacher training for performing mathematical education; the model of scientifically-methodical training of future teachers for performing mathematical education on the basis of fundamentalization is developed. Scientifically-methodical, psychological and educational literature on the research problem is analyzed. The essence of the concept "fundamentalization of higher vocational training" is identified. The concept "fundamentalization of scientifically-methodical training of elementary school teacher" is determined. The basic result of the research: the electronic textbook "Theoretical basis and technologies of elementary school mathematical education (geometrical values and geometrical figures)".

Автор в данной статье подробно рассматривается социальную политику (ВКП(б) в Ульяновской области в годы Великой Отечественной войны, планы и их выполнение, идеи и итоги их реализаций. Анализируется решение жилищной проблемы, вопросов сообщения между районами области, проблемы обеспечения населения товарами народного потребления. Программа партии, в условиях военного времени, обеспечивала сбалансированное планирование всех отраслей народного хозяйства области на относительно длительную перспективу, вбирала в себя и координировала деятельность по осуществлению уже разработанных и действующих программ. Социальная политика относится к числу ключевых направлений деятельности органов государственной власти и занимал, особенно в годы войны, одно из определяющих мест в жизни государства и общества.
При подготовке исследования использовался комплекс опубликованных и обширный комплекс неопубликованный источников. Основную группу источников составили архивные документы, которые послужили основой для анализа призывной компании области. Были изучены документы Государственного архива Российской Федерации.
На основе архивных документов, рассматривается информация о деятельности отделов Райисполкомов по государственному обеспечению и бытовому устройству семей военнослужащих в Астрадамовском, Богдашкинском, Барышском, Баразно-Сызганском, Кузоватовском, Мелекесском, Карсунском и Майнском районах Ульяновской области в 1944 году.

This article presents the results of a study of how getting young students engaged in practical training can be a means of job placement in the future. The author relies on the work of those Russian sociologists who study issues such as employment, strategies for finding a job, young people's educational trajectories. The aim of this article is to examine the process of how students go through practical training, to identify their expectations from such practices, difficulties in their interaction with employers, as well as to formulate methodological recommendations for organizing practical training in universities.

In order to examine students' opinions on the specifics of going through practical training, interviews were conducted in two stages. 43 students were surveyed in total. The first stage took place in 2018, prior to going through practical training, during which respondents' expectations from practical training and employment were determined. The second round of interviews was carried out in 2019 – after they had completed their practical training. The authors found out that students have become more demanding: they expect practical training to help them acquire new skills, grab the attention of potential employers, as well as receive a monetary reward. The following strategies were identified during interviewing: employment, educational, career-based, compensational, personal development focused, the anticipation strategy; strategies for going through practical training were included into one of two categories – active or passive.

Students expressed their thoughts on the difficulties they encountered while going through practical training which involved a lack of attention and interest on behalf of employers. According to students, employers showed a low degree of interest, while their attention was focused on keeping track of attendance, and on students strictly fulfilling the obligations that they put upon them.

The article also considers foreign practice in resolving the issue, manifested in the idea of paying employers for providing young people with jobs. In Russian universities, employers are invited to work at said universities, with payment being issued for training students. The author recommends inviting employers to universities for them to conduct master-classes and organize students' practical training while taking into account the specifics of their field, motivating and attracting the interest of potential employers by putting money on the table. Another suggestion is to conduct seminars, in preparing young people for job interviews, for putting together a resume and a portfolio for future employment. Hence, according to the author, practical training can not only promote future employment, but also help in developing competencies, in socialization, a person's personal growth, enhancing competitive capacity and familiarizing youth with labor.

The article deals with the system of professional training of social sphere specialists. The authors identified the specifics of training personnel in social service institutions in Russia, France, Great Britain, the United States, and Japan. The results of the conducted empirical research, as well as recommendations for improving the professional training of social professionals, are of interest.

The author discusses the current issues of labor education of the younger generation in Russia.

Актуальные социально-экономические условия поднимают проблему быстрой и качественной подготовки специалистов среднего звена, условия реализации которой зависят от кадрового обеспечения педагогического состава образовательных организаций. В связи с этим выделяется необходимость изучения зарубежного опыта с целью модернизации существующей системы профессионально-педагогического образования. Ведущими методами в исследовании стали анализ и обобщение содержания научной литературы, государственных сайтов различных ведомств и образовательных организаций, нормативных и локальных документов. В результатах исследования представлено сравнение зарубежных моделей профессионально-педагогического образования, в частности в Великобритании и Китае, с российской. Общие тенденции по профессионально-педагогической подготовке педагогических работников сферы профессионального образования в анализируемых зарубежных странах могут быть учтены при модернизации и развитии национальной системы подготовки педагогов СПО в России, прежде всего по тем направлениям, которые сегодня в России не реализуются.
Current socio-economic conditions raise the problem of rapid and high-quality training of middle-level specialists, realization of which depends on the staffing of educational personnel. In this connection, the need to study foreign experience in order to modernize the system of vocational education and training is highlighted. The basic methods in the study are the analysis and generalization of the content of scientific works, national sites of various departments and educational organizations, regulatory and local documents. The study results present a comparison of foreign models of vocational education and training system, in particular Great Britain and China, with the Russian model of vocational and pedagogical education. General trends in the vocational and pedagogical training of vocational teachers in the foreign countries under analysis can be taken into account in the modernization and development of the national system for vocational education and training system in Russia, first of all, those trends that are not implemented in Russia today.

Activity of civil servants trained in institutions shows not good assistance and services for people. Local authorities responsible for solving problems act not in a very good way; it is not always due to lack of finance (they often refer to) but weak points in management and personnel low competence. It results in searching for new approaches to personnel training which should be based not on knowledge and skills of civil servants but solving urgent problems of definite municipal entity. The paper is aimed at suggesting methods able to develop professional skills of civil servants to institutions and local authorities. Suggested methods are based on studying the structure of local community, its needs and requirements in solving economic, social, spiritual and moral problems; and on estimation of professional competence of civil servants and its correspondence to the problems being solved. The author suggests to solve the tasks in the following way: to analyze social and economic situation of municipal entity, identify and analyze the most urgent and complicated problems, define the civil servants responsible for solving the problems mentioned above and define the level of civil servants professional competence and correspondence to the problems being solved. The author applied such methods as opinion polls, testing of civil servants, content analysis of the letters and applications provided by local citizens to local authorities and observing and following the operational meetings of local authorities. The paper results in recommendations on making curricula, new model of educational process aimed at overcoming the gap between the problems of municipal entity and training of civil servants in order to solve the problems. The article makes conclusion that applying of methods discussed and observed by the author leads to significant impact in local authorities ' activity and life quality of people. ; Реферат. Анализ результатов работы муниципальных служащих, прошедших обучение в образовательных учреждениях, нередко показывает отсутствие улучшения положения дел по оказанию услуг населению. В ряде вопросов местного значения, находящихся в компетенции местных органов власти, выявляются значительные упущения, причем причины этого зачастую не в недостатках финансирования (на что часто ссылаются), а в слабости менеджмента, некомпетентности персонала. Все это приводит к необходимости поиска нового подхода к обучению персонала, основанного не на общих представлениях о знаниях, умениях и навыках муниципальных служащих, а на решении актуальных проблем конкретных муниципальных образований. Целью данной статьи является попытка в кратком виде предложить образовательным учреждениям и местным органам власти методику, реализация которой дает высокое приращение профессионализма муниципальных служащих. В основе предлагаемой методики определения потребности обучения лежит, с одной стороны, изучение структуры местного сообщества, его потребностей в решении экономических, социальных, духовно-нравственных проблем, с другой стороны, оценка профессиональной компетентности муниципальных служащих, выявление ее соответствия сложности решаемых проблем. Реализация поставленной цели осуществляется посредством решения задач в следующей последовательности: анализируется социально-экономическое состояние муниципального образования, выявляются и анализируются наиболее острые проблемы, выделяются группы муниципальных служащих, ответственных за решение этих проблем, определяется уровень их компетенции и соответствия сложности решаемых проблем. В ходе сбора информации для написания статьи использовались следующие методы: опрос населения, тестирование муниципальных служащих, контент-анализ писем и обращений жителей муниципальных образований в администрацию, наблюдение за проведением аппаратных совещаний в администрациях. Результатом предлагаемой методики являются рекомендации по составлению программ обучения, новой модели организации учебного процесса, направленных на преодоление зазора между проблемами муниципального образования и уровнем подготовленности муниципальных служащих по их преодолению. Вывод: реализация данной методики приведет к существенным положительным изменениям в работе местной администрации и улучшению качества жизни населения.

В данной статье дается определение понятия «дуальное обучение», а также анализируется состояние исследуемой проблемы: описываются возможности дуального обучения на современном этапе развития высшего педагогического образования. Целью исследования является определение места дуального обучения в современном педагогическом образовании через обобщение опыта работы методистов по внедрению дуального обучения в процесс подготовки педагогических кадров. В работе использованы теоретические (анализ и обобщение) и эмпирические методы (беседа, наблюдение, анкетирование). Результаты исследования позволили авторам описать типы студентов, совмещающих работу и профессиональную деятельность, и определить, какие типы наставников, выделенных в трудах, посвященных дуальному обучению, могут способствовать профессиональному становлению педагогов. Исследование показало, что дуальное обучение нацелено на раннюю профессионализацию педагогов, сокращает разрыв между теорией и практикой, способствует профессиональному развитию педагогических кадров. Вместе с тем оно ставит перед системой высшего образования новые задачи: разработать программы дуального обучения, регламентировать трехсторонние отношения «вуз - студент - работодатель», подготовить наставников для эффективного функционирования и результативности данной формы обучения.
This article gives a definition of the concept of dual education, analyzes the state of the problem under consideration: describes the possibilities of dual education at the present stage of development of higher pedagogical education. The purpose of the study is to determine the place of dual education in modern pedagogical educational environment through the generalization of the experience of methodologists on the introduction of dual education in the process of training teachers. The work employs theoretical methods (analysis and generalization) and empirical methods (conversation, observation, questioning). The results of the study allowed the authors to describe the types of students who combine their work and professional activity and to determine what types of mentors (identified in the works devoted to dual education) can contribute to the professional development of future teachers. The study showed that dual education is aimed at early professionalization of teachers, narrows the gap between theory and practice, and contributes to the professional development of teaching staff. At the same time, it poses new tasks for the higher education system: to develop dual education programs, regulate the tripartite relationship "university - student - employer", prepare mentors for the effective functioning and effectiveness of this form of education.