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This book is about the practices, roles and impacts of directly elected mayors in the cities that they govern. The volume draws on recent, original research evidence, to locate the debates on directly elected mayors in context in Europe, the US, and Australasia.

Cities are undoubted key players in technology creation and adoption for sustainable transitions. This book addresses both the active and passive roles of cities in technology innovation, commercialisation, mass-production and adoption. In particular, it examines elements of three socio-technical systems, energy, transport and healthcare. The authors investigate cities in Europe, Asia and North America, providing an in depth understanding of the differences in leadership roles that cities adopt across the globe. The book breaks new ground in the analysis of topical issues such as local `cradle' conditions, incentive schemes, niche-development, living labs, impact bonds, grass-roots intermediation and adaptive policy making. Researchers and students involved in the urban studies, socio-technical transitions and sustainability would greatly benefit from reading this book. The variety of practical examples also makes this book an important tool for city policy makers, as well as public policy and public sector scholars

Planning is central to economic, social and environmental life but its practice is frequently criticised by all who engage in it. Seen as too restrictive by those who promote development and too weak by those opposing it, planners who advise on proposals cannot sit on the fence. Is it the planning system that is problematic or is it the planners who work within it? This valuable book examines these issues at the continuing professional development level and discusses the ways in which management theories, tools and techniques can be applied to planning practice and used by all who engage in it. Written by an experienced author and widely respected academic, the book includes case studies and question and answer sections, and will be valuable through both initial and continuous professional education, helping candidates prepare for examinations and subsequent management

An analysis of Ur black politics, requiring examination of both the magnitude of the problems confronting black office holders at the municipal level & the politicosocial context within which black leadership seeks to confront these problems is advocated. Regarding the former, cities with black leadership are typically older, poorer, & blacker than most in the US. The important factors considered in understanding the sociopolitical context in which Ur black leadership is exercised are: (1) political & moral inaccessibility of certain policies theoretically available to white leadership; (2) fiscal strain of varying degrees of severity; (3) power apportionment as reflected in city government structure; (4) the character of state & federal initiatives; & (5) institutional & affective racism. Each factor is explicated, & Ur black leadership policy impact & the formal political system's capacity to promote ghetto reform are addressed. A review of the aspects of Ur politics & black political leadership covered by the articles in this volume of The Annals of the American Academy of Political & Social Science is included. 3 Tables. Modified HA.

This study examines the experiences of three aspiring Latina school leaders in a principal preparation program with a social justice emphasis. Employing theoretical perspectives grounded in a community-based educational leadership framework and transformational resistance theory, this study documents how coursework informed the perspectives of participants regarding educational equity and racial justice. This comparative case study takes place at a Hispanic Serving Institution and focuses on two social foundations courses spanning a 5-month period. Findings illustrate participants' capacity to (a) reframe their past experiences as P-20 students in relation to meritocracy; (b) respond to current injustices as K-12 teachers, particularly the power of language to disrupt or perpetuate inequities; and lastly (c) re-envision educational leadership as future Latina principals as deeply intertwined with communities. The research highlights a need for a broadened approach to principal preparation that fosters future leaders to consider the engagement and leadership of marginalized students and families.

Cities are crucial for national economic, social and environmental performance. A national urban policy (NUP) has been recognised by the international community as an important instrument for harnessing urbanisation to achieve national and global goals. This report, prepared for the United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development (Habitat III), provides an assessment of the state and scope of NUPs across 35 OECD countries. It also describes how urban policy, and its place in national political agendas, is evolving. This publication has been prepared for the Habitat III conference and builds on existing United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN Habitat) methodology. It is inspired by the joint work of UN-Habitat and the OECD following their co-leadership of Policy Unit 3 on National Urban Policies during the preparations for the New Urban Agenda. The findings of this report will contribute to the global monitoring process of National Urban Policy, as will the Global Report on National Urban Policy, jointly produced by UN Habitat and the OECD.

Large and small urban school districts : empirical identification and comparison utilizing student population -- Leadership preparation in small and mid-sized urban school districts -- Working conditions and retention of principals in small and mid-sized urban districts -- Principals' and teachers' decision making power in small, medium, and large school districts -- Teaching students in poverty in small and mid-sized urban school districts -- Leadership for English learners -- Engaging Latino parents in the middle : valuing, validating, and building upon what families already do -- Instructional leadership for special education in small to mid-size urban school districts -- Prekindergarten interventions and instructional leadership in small and mid-sized urban school districts -- Executive coaching of school leaders in a mid-sized urban school district : development of a model of effective practice -- Educational leadership in medium and small urban districts serving the new mainstream -- A look into the workings of data use in a mid-sized district.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- PREFACE -- TABLE OF CONTENTS -- INTRODUCTION -- 1. INNOVATIVE GOVERNANCE IN THE URBAN ERA: Goos Minderman -- 1.1 INTRODUCTION -- 1.2 THE STRUCTURE OF THIS BOOK -- REFERENCES -- SECTION A: CIVIC RIGHTS, BUILDING CITIZENSHIP AND SERVICE DELIVERY -- 2. FROM THE FREEDOM CHARTER, THROUGH THE BILL OF RIGHTS TO THE 'RIGHT TO THE CITY': WHAT IS THE RELEVANCY FOR A SUSTAINABLE SOUTH AFRICA?: Anneke Muller -- 2.1 INTRODUCTION -- 2.2 HUMAN RIGHTS PERSPECTIVES -- 2.3 HUMAN RIGHTS IN SOUTH AFRICA -- 2.4 CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- LAWS AND POLICIES -- COURT CASES -- 3. THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND CORRUPTION: THE SIGNIFICANCE OF INNOVATIVE LEADERSHIP: Pregala Pillay and Evangelos Mantzaris -- 3.1 INTRODUCTION -- 3.2 THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN ON CORRUPTION -- 3.3 ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE -- 3.4 LEADERSHIP, ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND THE CREATION OF INNOVATIVE CLIMATE -- 3.5 THE NDP AND THE SOUTH AFRICAN CIVIL SERVICE -- 3.6 THE CRUCIAL ROLE OF COLLECTIVE LEADERSHIP -- 3.7 CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 4. TRANSDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH FOR INNOVATION IN INFORMAL SETTLEMENT UPGRADING: Lorraine Amollo Ambole -- 4.1 INTRODUCTION -- 4.2 METHOD -- 4.3 REVIEW OF RELEVANT LITERATURE -- 4.4 RESULTS -- 4.5 CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 5. INNOVATION IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT WITHIN SOUTH AFRICA: A CRITIQUE OF SOFT SYSTEMS METHODOLOGY: Cheryl Mohamed Sayeed, Pregala Pillay and Purshottama Sivanarain Reddy -- 5.1 INTRODUCTION -- 5.2 RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND INNOVATION -- 5.3 INNOVATION MODELS FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT -- 5.4 SYSTEMS MODELLING -- 5.5 SYSTEMS THINKING -- 5.6 CASES OF SSM IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA -- 5.7 CRITIQUE -- 5.8 CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 6. WHAT STRUCTURAL FACTORS INFLUENCE PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY? LESSONS LEARNED FROM A STUDY OF SWISS MUNICIPALITIES: Reto Steiner, Claire Kaiser and Lukas Reichmuth.

1. Einführung in die Disruption der Automobilindustrie und die urbane Mobilitätsrevolution -- 2. Charakterisierung der Automobilindustrie -- 3. Elemente der Disruption der Automobilindustrie -- 4. Urbane Mobilitätsrevolution: Eine quantitative Analyse -- 5. Geschäftsmodell 2030: Eine Metamorphose der automobilen Landschaft -- 6. Fazit zu Automotive Disruption und der Urbanen Mobilitätsrevolution -- 7. Aussichten: Ein Blick darüber hinaus.

From the Countryside to the Cities. Among the many practical problems with which the Chinese Communists have been recently confronted is that of governing large cities and administering policy in urban and metropolitan areas. Only two years ago the major preoccupation of the Chinese Communist Party was with agrarian policy, with emphases on land redistribution, Party reorganization to strengthen the revolution in rural areas, and the construction and maintenance of "rear bases" to support the fighting front. But in the epochal year beginning with the fall of Mukden on November 2, 1948, the directions and emphases of Chinese Communist policy were substantially modified by the new situation created by the rapid capture of all of the seaports, the most important industrial and commercial centers, and nearly all of the provincial capitals of China. To permit the most effective exploitation of this newly-gained strategic momentum, the Party leadership was obliged, on relatively short notice, to find immediate solutions for problems of urban policy that had previously been anticipated as likely to arise in the future.Urban policy, accordingly, became the urgent question on the agenda of the Second Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, meeting in Shihchiachuang on March 15–23, 1949.

Few researchers support the belief that a school superintendent can drive improvements in student achievement. The Science and Mathematics Achievement Required for Tomorrow (SMART) Consortium was formed in northeast Ohio in 1998 with the belief that superintendents can have a measurable effect on student learning. The goal of this collaboration was to promote continuous improvement in mathematics and science achievement. The consortium's urban constituency ranged in size from 4,000 to 76,500. SMART superintendents led and supported the initiatives in which principals and teachers participated. Superintendent commitment and support empowered teachers to risk change and provided them with effective teaching tools and methods.