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Special Studies - Religion as a Factor in Grand Strategy - Propaganda has decided conflicts, just as battles have decided wars. Occasionally, propaganda was most effective when it dealt with religion. Christianity won over competing religions in 312, when Emperor Constantinus 1 the Great promoted it...
In: Strategic policy: the journal of the International Strategic Studies Association ; the international journal of national management, Band 29, Heft 6, S. 6-7
ISSN: 0277-4933
There's Power in the Blood : Religion, White Supremacy, and the Politics of Darwinism in America
America's contentious relationship to Darwinism is often inadequately viewed as the product of religious reaction or educative failure. I argue that evolutionary biology has proven contentious in America because of the unique political context into which Darwin's ideas emerged. After the Civil War, evolution's content, and the predominately Northern scientists who supported it, became associated with the politics of radical Republicanism and racial egalitarianism. The Darwinian revision of the concept of racial variety made a polygenist conception of human origins untenable and discredited the structural inequalities implied by the rival "American School of Anthropology". Whereas before Darwin, natural history had formed an important part of the justification for slavery, after the publication of "The Origin of Species" in 1859, natural history became distasteful to the southern planters and slaveholders who had previously appealed to scientific authority. Because of the particular historical, social, and political context into which Darwinian evolution emerged in the United States, to believe or not to believe in evolution carried social and political connotations about ones fidelity to white supremacy, and called into question ones identity within the larger milieux of American political traditions and groups. Debates over evolution have been inextricably bound to a complex set of beliefs about race and political practices that have upheld white supremacy, sometimes called Southern nationalism, Southern civil religion, or ascriptive Americanism, which have operated to channel Southern understanding and treatment of evolution. The history of evolution in America teaches us how communities of identity use ideological beliefs to identify themselves as members of particular political and social groups, and how a constellation of mutually supporting ideas about the right to participate in the American polity and the nature of racial identity have shaped American reactions to science, religion, and society. Beliefs about racial identity and the constructed myths of Southern nationalism channeled white Southern reaction against evolutionary biology in ways that boosted the religious response to the scientific threat to white supremacy and increased the feeling that evolutionary biologists taught a dangerous, alien doctrine that was morally and socially subversive. The rejection of evolution by many Americans, especially in the South, has often been a way to signal and police social and political group boundaries. Because Darwinism had overthrown the scientific basis for polygeny, was supported by abolitionist New Englanders, and was charged with racially subversive undertones, while also challenging the conservative, Christian justifications for white supremacy, white Southerners reacted against evolution as a scientific doctrine, and in so doing they signaled support for the prevailing racial order and acted in solidarity to create the social and political ideology that sustained the Solid South
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Religion and public goods provision: experimental and interview evidence from Catholicism and Islam in Europe
In: Comparative politics, Band 47, Heft 2, S. 189
ISSN: 0010-4159
Politics of Devoted Resistance: Agency, Feminism, and Religion among Orthodox Agunah Activists in Israel
In: Gender & society: official publication of Sociologists for Women in Society, Band 29, Heft 1, S. 73-97
ISSN: 1552-3977
This study explores how religious women become legitimate actors in the public sphere and analyzes their agency—its meanings, capacities, and transformative aims. It presents a novel case study of Israeli Modern-Orthodox Agunah activists who engage in highly politicized collective feminist resistance as religious actors working for religious ends. Embedded in and activated by Orthodoxy, they advocate women's rights to divorce, voicing a moral critique of tradition and its agents precisely because they are devoutly devoted to them. Such political agency is innovatively conceptualized as "devoted resistance": critique within relationship, enabled by cultural schema, and comprising both interpretive skills and "relational-autonomy" capacities. This study contends that understanding agency within religious grammars reveals its underlying logics, highlighting how structures shape the meanings and realization of women's varied "agentive capacities." It challenges current dichotomies like feminism/religion, resistance/submission, and autonomy/dependence. Overall, the author argues for a nuanced, culturally specific, capacity-based, relational approach to analyzing religious women's agency.
Religion in den böhmischen Ländern 1938 - 1948: Diktatur, Krieg und Gesellschaftswandel als Herausforderungen für religiöses Leben und kirchliche Organisation
In: Veröffentlichungen des Collegium Carolinum 115
Jeffrey K. Hadden, Douglas E. Cowan (eds.), Religion on the Internet : Research Prospects and Promises: New York, Elsevier Science, 2000, 365 p. (bibliogr.) (coll. "Religion and the Social Order" vol. 8)
In: Archives de sciences sociales des religions: ASSR, Heft 124, S. 63-170
ISSN: 1777-5825
Nationalisai and Religion. The Rôle of Religious Reform in the Genesis of Arab and Jewish Nationalisai (Nationalisme et Religion. Le rôle de la réforme religieuse dans la genèse du nationalisme arabe et juif.)
In: Archives de sciences sociales des religions: ASSR, Band 35, Heft 1, S. 23-43
ISSN: 1777-5825
The Burka Ban: Divergent Approaches to Freedom of Religion in France and in the USA
In: William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal, Band 20, S. 791-852
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State and Religion in Great Britain: Constitutional Foundations, Religious Minorities, the Law and Education
In: Insight Turkey, Band 17, Heft 1, S. 79-96
ISSN: 1302-177X
Religion and Support for Democracy: A Cross-National Test of the Mediating Mechanisms
In: British journal of political science, Band 43, Heft 2, S. 375-397
ISSN: 1469-2112
Religion can be a source of undemocratic attitudes but also a contributor to democratic norms. This article argues that different dimensions of religiosity generate contrasting effects on democratic attitudes through different mechanisms. The private aspect of religious belief is associated with traditional and survival values, which in turn decrease both overt and intrinsic support for democracy. The communal aspect of religious social behaviour increases political interest and trust in institutions, which in turn typically lead to more support for democracy. Results from multilevel path analyses using data from fifty-four countries from Waves 4 and 5 of the World Values Survey suggest there is some regularity in mechanisms responsible for the effect of religiosity on democratic support that extend beyond religious denomination.
Religion and Gender Roles: A Quantitative Study of Women Political Participation in District Charsadda, Pakistan
Religion is one of the basic institutions of a society. The study aims to find the religious hindrances faced by women in participating in active politics at district Charsadda, Pakistan. The nature of the study is quantitative, and the questionnaire/interview schedule used is as a tool of data collection for collecting information from the sample size of 130 respondents through simple random sampling. The primary data has analysed in univariate analyses through descriptive statistics to find the frequency and percentages of the data when. The bivariate data has been analysed by applying the Chi-square test in inferential statistics to find the association between dependent and independent the variables. The findings show that in a patriarchal society, the strong religious followers restrict women to household activities only (P=0.003). The misinterpretation of religion is another factor which keeps women outside politics (P=0.001). The study recommends that all the institutions should take necessary steps along with the leaders of religious school for building a consensus on women role in politics. They should take the initiative to create awareness about women's participation in politics and their leadership role. It would help improve women's status with a dynamic role in all spheres of life.
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Religion-Spirituality Influences in the Governance of Faith-Based Organizations during the Covid Pandemic
In: Public Organization Review
This article seeks to understand the influence of religion/spirituality on services provided and on the governance of faith-based civil society organizations during the Covid-19 pandemic. 22 coordinators of 17 Brazilian organizations that work in the governance of children's rights at the local level are interviewed. The results point to organizational expressions of religiosity, added services, and developed communication and networking capabilities. The research highlights the religion/spirituality dimension in network governance between different actors and the community, characterized by interdependence and intersectionality, and discusses contradictory factors that increase or decrease governance capacity.
Taking Initiatives: Reconciling Race, Religion, Media and Democracy in the Quest for Marriage Equality
In: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Band 19, Heft 3, S. 805-897
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