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The doctrine of predestination in the Lutheran and Calvinist theology, along with the assumption of a radical separation of nature and grace as well as the material and spiritual realm, had a significant impact on social life. The salvation of the soul, the soteriological dimension of human destiny, remained dependent on the grace of God (predestination), undeserved and unfathomable. The earthly reality, the institution of the Church and good works could in no way contribute to the salvation of the soul. Martin Luther, especially at the initial stage of his reformation activities, focused on private spirituality, considering the earthly dimension of reality to be the domain of the secular power. John Calvin and his successors justified in their teachings a different attitude manifested in the interest in the earthly world based on religious ethics. The doctrine of predestination, therefore, did not result in, as one would expect, quietism but in activism. The Calvinists believed that predestination was not manifested in single good deeds but in a certain methodology of systematised life based on religious ethics. Religiousness was supposed to be expressed through activity in the world and was meant to show the glory of its Creator. Work, thrift and honesty were supposed to lead to the rebirth, i.e. "sanctification" of the world, and were the essence of what Max Weber called the spirit of capitalism. Calvinism led to changes in the approach to such economic issues as money lending at interest, work or enrichment. ; Publication of English-language versions of the volumes of the "Annales. Ethics in Economic Life" financed through contract no. 501/1/P-DUN/2017 from the funds of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education devoted to the promotion of scholarship.

International audience ; The implementation of international standards for sustainable development encourages countries to develop participatory planning processes at local scale. This article aims at showing how the environment is taken into account in 19 local planning documents for three Mediterranean countries namely Algeria, Lebanon and Morocco. The environment remains marginal considering the strategic axes of the local development plans. It is better represented at project level, although under a utilitarian view; this means that the environment is considered only for human needs or to correct the adverse effects of the overexploitation of natural resources on nature. This assumption is related to both the institutional segmentation of development and environment authorities and to the lack of skillful players in the field of ecology and environment. ; La mise en place des normes internationales de développement durable incite les pays à organiser la planification à une échelle locale et de façon participative. L'objectif de cet article est de montrer de quelle manière l'environnement est pris en compte à cette échelle dans 19 documents de planification de trois pays méditerranéens, l'Algérie, le Liban et le Maroc. L'environnement reste marginal au niveau des axes stratégiques des plans locaux de développement ; il est mieux représenté à l'échelle des projets, mais essentiellement selon une vision utilitariste, c'est-à-dire prendre en compte le milieu naturel pour les besoins humains ou pour corriger les effets néfastes sur la nature suite à l'utilisation non rationnelle des ressources naturelles. Ce constat est mis en relation, d'une part, avec la segmentation institutionnelle des administrations du développement et de l'environnement et, d'autre part, avec un manque de compétences des acteurs de la planification dans le domaine écologique et environnemental.

Currently there is no specific legislation that addresses the issue of induced impacts on the ground vibrations due to industrial work, nor a general consensus regarding the permissible levels of vibration standards that address problems (pile driving, step trains, etc.). Therefore, and taking into account the impulsive nature of the excitation source (ie impacts of high-level, short-term), employment is justified as an indicator of vibration measurements, the peak value of the signal in the time domain acceleration or speed, and the dominant frequency, since the danger with respect to a structure as well as the inconvenience to the occupants, both factors influence. In this paper the dynamic, constructive or structural damage caused on a house by industrial work of a steel company housing are analyzed. ; Actualmente no existe una normativa específica que trate la problemática de las vibraciones inducidas por impactos contra el suelo debido a labores industriales, ni un consenso general en lo relativo a los niveles admisibles de vibración en normas que tratan problemas relacionados (hinca de pilotes, paso de trenes, etc.). Por ello y teniendo en cuenta la naturaleza impulsiva de la fuente de excitación (es decir, impactos de alto nivel, de corta duración), se justifica el empleo como indicador de las vibraciones medidas, del valor pico de la señal en el dominio del tiempo en aceleración o en velocidad, y la frecuencia dominante, dado que en la peligrosidad con respecto a una estructura, así como las molestias a sus ocupantes, influyen ambos factores. En el presente trabajo se analizan los perjuicios dinámicos, constructivos o estructurales, causados sobre una vivienda unifamiliar por las labores industriales de una empresa siderúrgica.

Intendants des finances sous les règnes de Louis XV et Louis XVI, les Trudaine se sont succédé aux mêmes charges au sein de l'administration. Parmi celles-ci, leur statut d'académicien honoraire leur permettait d'élargir leurs domaines d'interventions et de nourrir un intérêt pour les sciences. Leur pratique réformatrice de la politique, notamment au niveau des ponts et chaussées leur valut le titre d'administrateurs éclairés. Cette notion était fréquemment utilisée au 18e siècle, mais le rôle d'intermédiaire des Trudaine entre le monde savant et administratif, entre la technique et les réflexions théoriques et systématiques rend pertinent l'étude de leurs interventions et de leurs engagements au service de la monarchie, mais aussi des sciences et de l'économie politique. Trudaine de Montigny établit des liens étroits avec les praticiens de la chimie comme Lavoisier et Priestley. Il s'intéressa également aux doctrines de l'économie politique et participa à leur mise en application par le contrôle général des finances. La notion d'intermédiaire permet d'étudier la nature des différents liens tissés par des grands commis de l'État, leurs lieux et leurs acteurs. Ces espaces multiples des interventions de l'intendant des finances sont l'expression de sa position durable au sein de l'administration des finances ainsi que de l'élargissement de la bureaucratie. Ce phénomène qui se voit dans la pratique administrative des Trudaine est aussi lié à l'évolution de la pensée économique et politique entre dirigisme et libéralisme. Les réformes économiques défendues par les Trudaine rejoignent les théories libérales héritées des physiocrates et du groupe de Gournay. Les deux intendants des finances et Turgot firent face aux contradictions et aux limites pratiques de l'application des idées libérales, notamment par la libéralisation du commerce des grains. La qualité d'intermédiaire rejoint ainsi l'enjeu de l'autolimitation de l'administration selon le principe du gouvernement libéral mis en évidence par Michel Foucault.

En marge du fait que la pensée de mon objet, la pornophonie , est à inventer, ce qui constitue un prétexte général à la présente analyse, la question plus précise du détournement constitue un enjeu problématisant pour ce travail. Le fait que j'opère systématiquement des détournements par des moyens informatiques pose la nécessité d'interroger les conséquences de mes actes par rapport à mon objet originel. Mon principal problème est donc de me donner les moyens théoriques pour pouvoir juger de la pertinence et de l'impact de mon travail plastique, au regard des enjeux globaux, que soulèvent la diffusion de matériel pornographique et l'utilisation des technologies numériques. Le détournement et le hacking sont d'ailleurs des moyens largement utilisés par les artistes multimédia comme des stratégies formelles et conceptuelles, qui leur permettent d'agir et de se positionner politiquement. Si toute personne n'est pas forcément concernée par la pornographie, toute personne est concernée par le sexe et la sexualité. La pornographie a le pouvoir de nous renvoyer à nos constructions et nos représentations sexuelles, à notre identité, à ce que les institutions et les structures sociales en font, et à la façon dont nous vivons avec ces mécanismes. Il s'agit d'un domaine où les frontières entre réalité et fiction, entre imaginaire et expérience, sont fragiles. Si j'utilise la pornographie, je me dois d'éclaircir mes positions sur ces questions en inscrivant ma pratique dans un ensemble complexe de constructions culturelles et scientifiques, concrètes et imaginaires. En définissant la pornophonie comme une processus de détournement sonore de la pornographie, je pourrais formuler ainsi ma question de fond : quelles sont les constructions réelles et fictionnelles dans lesquelles la pornophonie s'inscrit, et quelles sont ses possibilités d'action artistique et politique au sein de ces constructions ? (.)

The Irish Government has adopted "Gender Mainstreaming" as a strategy to promote equal opportunities between women and men in its National Development Plan. While current mental health policy addresses the principle of partnership and social inclusiveness as a way forward for mental health service provision, it still does not explicitly deal with the notion of gender and gender sensitivity. For some minority groups a lack of trust is a key issue that affects their uptake and meaningful use of services resulting in inadequate and gender insensitive care provision. Aim: The aim of this paper is to describe and analyse service providers' views in relation to the gender sensitivity of mental health care provision particularly as it relates to minority (Traveller and gay) communities. Method: A qualitative social realist design was used guided by Layder's adaptive theory and ontological theory of the social world – 'social domains theory'. In-depth interviews with twenty eight service providers were conducted within one mental health service in Ireland. Data was analysed using NVivo software. Results: The findings are presented in relation to tolerance and responsiveness of service providers towards the gay and Traveller communities. Service providers suggested that prejudices were held in relation to both indigenous and immigrant minority groups and this impacted upon care provision. Categorical intersectional understandings of gender were used by service providers to describe Travellers. Conclusion: Belonging to a minority group was a potential or actual threat to gender sensitive care and service providers managed such threats within a lay socialisation context. Arguably, a move towards developing gender-sensitive mental health care provision requires greater collaboration, education and understandings in relation to minority groups, their cultural differences and gendered identities.

This work has been supported by the National Research Program in the framework of the project "Multifunctional Materials and composites, photonics and nanotechnology (IMIS2)." ; Direct and indirect studies of the electrocaloric effect were carried out in poled and depoled Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3. For this purpose, polarization and electrocaloric effect temperature change measurements were made at different electric field pulses as a function of temperature. The applicability of the widely used indirect electrocaloric effect determination method, using the Maxwell relation, was critically analyzed with respect to the reliable direct measurements. Quantitative differences were observed between the results obtained by both approaches in the case of the poled Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 sample. These differences can be explained by the temperature-dependent concentration of domains oriented in the direction of the applied electric field. Whereas in depoled Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3, which is characterized by the electric field dependence of polar nanoregions embedded in a nonpolar matrix, the Maxwell relation is not applicable at all, as it is indicated by the obtained results. Possible mechanisms which could be responsible for the electrocaloric effect in the relaxor state were considered. The results of this study are used to evaluate the numerous results obtained and published by other authors, using the Maxwell relation to indirectly determine the electrocaloric effect. The reason for the negative values of the electrocaloric effect, obtained in such a way and widely discussed in the literature in the case of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3, has been explained in this study. ; National Research Program (IMIS2); Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART²

Intendants des finances sous les règnes de Louis XV et Louis XVI, les Trudaine se sont succédé aux mêmes charges au sein de l'administration. Parmi celles-ci, leur statut d'académicien honoraire leur permettait d'élargir leurs domaines d'interventions et de nourrir un intérêt pour les sciences. Leur pratique réformatrice de la politique, notamment au niveau des ponts et chaussées leur valut le titre d'administrateurs éclairés. Cette notion était fréquemment utilisée au 18e siècle, mais le rôle d'intermédiaire des Trudaine entre le monde savant et administratif, entre la technique et les réflexions théoriques et systématiques rend pertinent l'étude de leurs interventions et de leurs engagements au service de la monarchie, mais aussi des sciences et de l'économie politique. Trudaine de Montigny établit des liens étroits avec les praticiens de la chimie comme Lavoisier et Priestley. Il s'intéressa également aux doctrines de l'économie politique et participa à leur mise en application par le contrôle général des finances. La notion d'intermédiaire permet d'étudier la nature des différents liens tissés par des grands commis de l'État, leurs lieux et leurs acteurs. Ces espaces multiples des interventions de l'intendant des finances sont l'expression de sa position durable au sein de l'administration des finances ainsi que de l'élargissement de la bureaucratie. Ce phénomène qui se voit dans la pratique administrative des Trudaine est aussi lié à l'évolution de la pensée économique et politique entre dirigisme et libéralisme. Les réformes économiques défendues par les Trudaine rejoignent les théories libérales héritées des physiocrates et du groupe de Gournay. Les deux intendants des finances et Turgot firent face aux contradictions et aux limites pratiques de l'application des idées libérales, notamment par la libéralisation du commerce des grains. La qualité d'intermédiaire rejoint ainsi l'enjeu de l'autolimitation de l'administration selon le principe du gouvernement libéral mis en évidence par Michel Foucault.

International audience ; Phytotechnology recovery and green chemistry: a symbiosis for the futureNature, ecology and chemistry: this unusual rapprochement deals with the development of a new greenfield which breaks up with sustainable chemistry. The originality is supported by an unusual combinationof environmental fields, from scientific ecology to catalytic chemical synthesis. It combines ecologicalrestoration of degraded or polluted sites and innovative chemical method of phytotechnology recovery. Theinnovative research project is based on solid achievements and developed advanced programs that showthe validity of the concept. Thus, the presented program strives to demonstrate and develop the scientifictools that facilitate the transition from industrial past to a green and sustainable economy. It proposes someoptions to the government in order to amplify the development of new sustainable and responsibletechnologies, which are able to support ecological restoration and social (re)constructio ; Nature, écologie et chimie : ce rapprochement inhabituel est aujourd'hui le point de départ d'une nouvellefilière verte, qui s'appuie sur une innovation de rupture en chimie durable. Son originalité repose sur lacombinaison inhabituelle des domaines de l'environnement, de l'écologie scientifique et de la chimie desynthèse. Cette filière associe restauration écologique de milieux dégradés par des éléments tracesmétalliques (ETM) et procédé innovant de valorisation chimique des phytotechnologies associées. S'il estinnovant, ce concept repose sur des acquis solides développés dans des programmes de rechercheavancés, qui prouvent sa validité. Il s'attache à démontrer et à mettre en place les outils scientifiques quicontribueront à favoriser la transition d'un passé minier et industriel vers une économie verte et durable,et à proposer aux pouvoirs publics des pistes de réflexion et d'action, afin de faciliter le développement denouvelles technologies durables, responsables et capables de soutenir restauration écologique, ...

The Administrative Data Research Network (ADRN) facilitates access to de-identified administrative data for researchers. Under a complex and dynamic data sharing legal framework in the UK, the Network is a partnership of UK Universities, government departments, national statistical authorities, funders and research centres and it aims to deliver a service enabling secure and lawful access to de-identified linked administrative data to researchers.nbsp;As one of the 'front doors' to the ADRN, the Administrative Data Service is liaising with data owners, researchers and experts in data linkage and data governance to facilitate access to administrative data. In addition to providing guidance on processes and an infrastructure addressing some of the concerns on information governance and data security through dedicated 'secure environments' as points of access. Quite often, we find ourselves in the 'middle' of these discussions, as we negotiate access and translate requirements and repurpose documentation to ensure the project resonates with a variety of agendas and priorities.nbsp;The poster will provide an overview of recent work in the area and how we have dealt with challenges up to now. We will summarise work done in trying to streamline application processes for different data providers in different data domains in the UK (e.g. education, health, crime, benefits and labour market). We will talk about how ADRN has been working alongside government departments to design and implement streamlined approaches to administrative data access in the UK and how we are supporting researchers when they apply to access administrative data for their research in the areas of ethics, consent, legal pathways to access, methodology and data availability. And how it's not just about data meeting in the middle, it's primarily about people.

This paper was accepted for publication in the journal Journal of Systems and Information Technology and the definitive published version is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/JSIT-04-2017-0027 ; Purpose - This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a theory-driven realist evaluative research approach to better understand complex technology implementations in organisations. Approach – An institution wide e-learning implementation of Lecture Capture (LC), within a UK University, was chosen and a realist evaluation framework was used, tailored for educational technology. The research was conducted over 4, increasingly focused, evaluation cycles combining engagement analytics, user interviews and theory to refine what works (or does not work), for whom, in which contexts and why. Findings - Despite explicit demand and corresponding investment, overall student engagement is lower than expected. Increased student use appears linked to particular staff attitudes and behaviours and not to specific disciplines or course content. The main benefits of LC are; providing reassurance to the majority, aiding revision and understanding for the many, and enabling catch-up for the few. Recommendations for future research are based on some unexpected outcomes uncovered, including; evolving detrimental student behaviours, policy development based on technological determinism and future learner-centred system development for next-generation LC technologies. Practical implications – The realist approach taken, and evaluation framework used, can be adopted (and adapted) for future evaluative research. Domain specific reference models, categorizing people and technology, supported analysis across multiple contexts. Originality/value – This study responds to a call for more theory-based research in the field of educational technology. We demonstrate that a theory-driven approach provides real and practical recommendations for institutions and allows for greater insight into the political, economic and social complexity of technology implementation.

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer death among women in the United States. This study reports ovarian cancer survival by state, race, and stage at diagnosis using data from the CONCORD-2 study, the largest and most geographically comprehensive, population-based survival study to date. METHODS: Data from women diagnosed with ovarian cancer between 2001 and 2009 from 37 states, covering 80% of the US population, were used in all analyses. Survival was estimated up to 5 years and was age standardized and adjusted for background mortality (net survival) using state-specific and race-specific life tables. RESULTS: Among the 172,849 ovarian cancers diagnosed between 2001 and 2009, more than one-half were diagnosed at distant stage. Five-year net survival was 39.6% between 2001 and 2003 and 41% between 2004 and 2009. Black women had consistently worse survival compared with white women (29.6% from 2001-2003 and 31.1% from 2004-2009), despite similar stage distributions. Stage-specific survival for all races combined between 2004 and 2009 was 86.4% for localized stage, 60.9% for regional stage, and 27.4% for distant stage. CONCLUSIONS: The current data demonstrate a large and persistent disparity in ovarian cancer survival among black women compared with white women in most states. Clinical and public health efforts that ensure all women who are diagnosed with ovarian cancer receive appropriate, guidelines-based treatment may help to decrease these disparities. Future research that focuses on the development of new methods or modalities to detect ovarian cancer at early stages, when survival is relatively high, will likely improve overall US ovarian cancer survival. Cancer 2017;123:5138-59. Published 2017. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

Yang Guo,1,* Peidong Zhang,2,3,* Hongtian Zhang,4 Peng Zhang,4 Ruxiang Xu4 1Department of Neurology, 2Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, 3Second Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 4Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Bayi Brain Hospital, The Military General Hospital of Beijing PLA, The Bayi Clinical Medical Institute of Southern Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Glioblastoma is the most common form of malignant brain tumors and has a poor prognosis. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are thought to be responsible for the aberrant proliferation and invasion. Targeting the signaling pathways that promote proliferation in GSCs is one of the strategies for glioma treatment. In this study, we found increased expression of contactin 2 (CNTN2) and amyloid β precursor protein (APP) in U87-derived GSCs (U87-GSCs). RNA interference (RNAi) for CNTN2 downregulated the expression of APP intracellular domain (AICD), which is the proteolytic product of APP. Treatment with CNTN2 RNAi inhibited the proliferation of U87-GSCs. CNTN2 RNAi decreased the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and HES1, which are potential targets of AICD. In summary, inhibition of the CNTN2/APP signaling pathway may repress the proliferation in U87-GSCs via downregulating the expression of HES1 and epidermal growth factor receptor. CNTN2/APP/AICD signaling pathway plays an important role in U87 glial tumorigenesis. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the role of these signaling pathways in other sources of GSCs. Depending on their role in proliferation in other sources of GSCs, members of the CNTN2/APP/AICD signaling pathway may provide novel targets for the development of therapy for glioblastomas. Keywords: contactin 2, CNTN2, transient axonal glycoprotein-1, TAG1, glioma stem cells

This thesis provides a comprehensive study of the development of the concept of enmity in the thought of Carl Schmitt. I argue that the concept of enmity provides the foundation upon which all of Schmitt's writings on international theory build. By attending to the concept of enmity, it is therefore possible to clarify Schmitt's understanding of international order, of war and peace, and of political existence. Additionally, I seek to demonstrate in this thesis the consistency of Schmitt's thought throughout his career, as well as the necessity of understanding his political theory through his historical context. The first part of this thesis examines the foundations of Schmitt's concept of the political, and argues that the link of the political to order follows naturally from the ontological assumption of a plural world and of a potentially violent human nature. Additionally, it argues that political enmity therefore must bear a relation to order, thereby excluding absolute enmity from the domain of the political. An examination of total war follows, arguing that Schmitt associates the political with defensive total war, against the danger of offensive total war. The latter part of this thesis turns to Schmitt's historical discussion of enmity. First, it is argued that the bracketing of war and enmity in the jus publicum Europaeum relied necessarily on the externalisation of European enmity into a distinct, free space, namely the Americas and Africa. Second, I demonstrate that changes in the form of enmity brought about by European, colonial, and global transformations caused the collapse of the jus publicum Europaeum. I conclude this thesis by arguing for an interest in conceptions of global peace respecting the dynamic character of the political rather than seeking to depoliticise global order.

Energy efficiency is an important aspect of future exascale systems, mainly due to rising energy cost. Although High performance computing (HPC) applications are compute centric, they still exhibit varying computational characteristics in different regions of the program, such as compute-, memory-, and I/O-bound code regions. Some of today's clusters already offer mechanisms to adjust the system to the resource requirements of an application, e.g., by controlling the CPU frequency. However, manually tuning for improved energy efficiency is a tedious and painstaking task that is often neglected by application developers. The European Union's Horizon 2020 project READEX (Runtime Exploitation of Application Dynamism for Energy-efficient eXascale computing) aims at developing a tools-aided approach for improved energy efficiency of current and future HPC applications. To reach this goal, the READEX project combines technologies from two ends of the compute spectrum, embedded systems and HPC, constituting a split design-time/runtime methodology. From the HPC domain, the Periscope Tuning Framework (PTF) is extended to perform dynamic auto-tuning of fine-grained application regions using the systems scenario methodology, which was originally developed for improving the energy efficiency in embedded systems. This paper introduces the concepts of the READEX project, its envisioned implementation, and preliminary results that demonstrate the feasibility of this approach. ; © The Author(s) 2017. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.