International criminal law and the use in Colombia of the theory of criminal liability for the command in Transitional Justice ; El derecho penal internacional y la utilización en Colombia de la teoría de la responsabilidad penal por el mando en la Justicia Transicional
The criminal responsibility for the command through which the attribution of criminal responsibility for the punishable behaviors carried out by subordinates is awarded is relevant especially when it is a post-conflict period such as the one currently going through the Colombian State. From the international level, its doctrinal base is based on a process of codification of international criminal law that was consolidated with the creation of the International Criminal Court and that today radiates its effects in different internal legal bodies. The article analyzes the development of command responsibility for acts of subordinates both in International Humanitarian Law from the international point of view and in the Colombian case. In any case, looking for its possible application in Colombia. The analysis is carried out with a double lens, on the one hand, in doctrinal matters and, on the other, from the legal point of view and its treatment in jurisprudence, in order to establish both discordant and concordant positions with the application of this type of responsibility. penal. It is concluded that both internally and internationally, a military or civil commander can be accused of conduct associated with an act that violates the law, a crime that is carried out by the subordinate characterized by an omission or lack of supervision and effective control over this behavior by the superior. ; La responsabilidad penal por el mando a través del cual se adjudica la atribución de responsabilidad penal por las conductas punibles efectuadas por los subordinados es relevante sobre todo cuando se trata de un período de posconflicto como el que atraviesa actualmente el Estado colombiano. Desde el ámbito internacional su base doctrinal se fundamenta en un proceso de codificación del derecho penal internacional que se consolidó con la creación de la Corte Penal Internacional y que hoy irradia sus efectos en distintos estamentos jurídicos internos. El artículo analiza el desarrollo de la responsabilidad de mando por actos ...