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The Covid-19 pandemic that hit the world in early 2020, has rapidly changed the structure of people's lives, including Indonesia. The world of education is forced to replace face-to-face learning with online learning. The Rector of UNP has followed up on the central government policy to shift the face-to-face (conventional) learning process into online learning. For this reason, the UNP Quality Assurance Center needs to ensure that the implementation of online learning has gone well and is able to meet the predetermined learning-outcame (LO). Through the distribution of learning assessment instruments circulated using google-form to 40,000 UNP students, it was found that 4820 respondents had filled in the instrument. From the respondents' answers, it is known that 99.3% of the lecturers have conducted online lectures, 58% of them are according to the schedule. From the aspect of student readiness, 43.9% were ready, 40.5% were not ready. Furthermore, 50.2% of the lecturers provided guidance well, 44.4% sometimes, and only 5.4% did not. The main obstacles for students: 39.8% less stable internet and 47.7% signal difficulties and no signal at all 12.4%. Other difficulties are 82% internet access, 75.9% credit fees, 63.7% tuition fees, and 51.6% other difficulties. E-learaning process at UNP has been going well and can meet the learning outcomes that have been set. To improve the quality of better learning outcomes, it is necessary to improve the quality of network infrastructure by Telkom, increase the quality of instructional learning by lecturers, and provide credit subsidies for students.

George Gerbner, a Hungarian-born professor of communication, founded the cultivation theory, one of the most popular and regarded theories in the communications world. Developed in the mid 20th century, the theory focus on the long-term effects of television on people. Longer exposure to signs, images and people on television cultivates their perception of reality in the real world. The television became a household staple during this time. Families often spent time together watching programming together, however, it played out different effects for each person. Television's constant visual and auditory stimulation on a person made it easier to cultivate certain messages, thoughts and feelings into a person, making it a powerful media source. The theory's perception of violence shown on television was a main focal point. Violence associated with different races, genders and sexualities cultivated different perceptions of people. Not everyone's perceptions of society, and some demographics are portrayed very negatively. The theory can still be felt today in the 21st century. Television has continued to cultivate new perceptions of society on more generations. New forms of television programming, such as reality television, have ushered in a new way of cultivating messages, thoughts and feelings. I have taken the cultivation theory, and applied it to a popular television show titled, Below Deck. I have analyzed viewers perception of gender, race, relationships, wealth, workplace drama and behavior. I also touched on the cast's interactions and perceptions of the wealthy too. These topics are not new to television, and have found their way into today's television programming for viewers to perceive.

Modern transformations of the world community lead to the increasing of the global risks and to the decreasing of the significance of the western model of socio-political development, the ideological basis of which is liberalism, which still plays an important role in the integration processes of our time. The crisis trends in the global economy and politics have worsened in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic and have exposed the inadequacy of the recently developed interpretations of liberalism to the objective requirements of global security. The development of the civilization idea of Russia, based on the coordination of the concepts of freedom, responsibility and security in the conditions of contradictory interaction of internal and external risks, will serve to reduce the degree of total uncertainty. The ideologem of "Risk, Responsibility and Freedom" can also contribute to the development of a new model of the world order and to the resolution of global security problems. ; Современные трансформации мирового сообщества приводят к обострению глобальных рисков и снижению значимости западной модели социально-политического развития, идеологическим обоснованием которой является либерализм, по-прежнему играющий важную роль в интеграционных процессах современности. Кризисные тенденции в глобальной экономике и политике обострились в связи с пандемией COVID-19 и обнажили неадекватность сложившихся в последнее время трактовок либерализма объективным требованиям глобальной безопасности. Снижению степени тотальной неопределенности послужит развитие цивилизационной идеи России, основанной на согласовании концептов свободы, ответственности и безопасности в условиях противоречивого взаимодействия внутренних и внешних рисков. Идеологема «Риска, Ответственности и Свободы» может способствовать также разработке новой модели мироустройства и разрешению глобальных проблем безопасности.

Civil society and governments around the world have recognized the potential developmental benefits that data released in open format could bring to the Global South. This open data, released in digital format, publicly available for anyone to use—promise to contribute to global development goals, such as economic growth, job creation, social and economic inclusion, and access to public services such as healthcare. Although emergent, there is growing evidence that in the right circumstances, open data could contribute to these goals (see Verhulst and Young 2016, as well as chapter 10 in this volume). Despite the potential, there is also a body of literature suggesting that most open data initiatives are not having the desired impact, particularly in the Global South, for a variety of reasons. These include poor-quality or incomplete data, data in hard-to-use formats, and a mismatch between the data that are published and the data that are actually needed (World Wide Web Foundation 2017). Thus, it is becoming paramount to understand how to improve the connection between making the data available, sharing it, and fostering the actual uptake of open data to solve developmental problems. Recent evidence has shown that the governance relationship is an important factor in this equation. For example, in a review of twenty-three digital monitoring platforms of public services, Peixoto and Fox (2016) show that the existence of institutional arrangements increases the use and responsiveness of these initiatives. While valuable, these studies show broad patterns of the overall picture. In this chapter, we aim to delve into these patterns in detail.

On January 30th 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 pandemic a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). Italy has been one of the most affected countries in the world. To contain further spread of the virus, the Italian government has imposed an unprecedented long-period lockdown for the entire country. This dramatic scenario may have caused a strong psychological distress, with potential negative long-term mental health consequences. The aim of the present study is to report the prevalence of high psychological distress due to the COVID-19 pandemic on the general population, especially considering that this aspect is consistently associated with PTSD symptoms. Furthermore, the present study aims to identify the risk factors for high PTSD symptoms, including individual differences and subjective perception of both economic and psychological aspects. We administered an online survey to 1253 participants during the peak period of the contagion in Italy. A logistic regression on the Impact of Event Scale – Revised (IES-R) scores was used to test the risk factors that predict the possibility to develop PTSD symptoms due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Gender (female), lower perceived economic stability, higher neuroticism, and fear and consequences of contagion were predictors of high PTSD symptomatology. The results, highlighted in the present study, extend our understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on the population's mental health, by identifying individuals at high-risk of developing PTSD. This may help with the implementation of specific protocols to prevent the possibility of developing symptoms of PTSD in target populations.

Based on the experience of the "lost decade" Japan emerged from the world economic crisis of 2008–2009 faster, compared to other developed countries. However full-scale anti-crisis programs, presented in the real sector of the economy mainly by the projects in transport infrastructure, inevitably put a heavy burden on the country's budget. Since 2010, the Japanese economy has shown some signs of recovery, though the Great Japanese Earthquake of 2011 caused huge damage to the entire Japanese economy and transport in the Tohoku region. It entailed significant costs for the restoration of transport system. Since 1990, the share of transport in GDP and the structure of goods transported by individual modes of transport have remained the same: Road and sea coastal transport played a major role in domestic transport communication, while sea transport played a major role in international transport system. The importance of rail transport in passenger transportation was preserved and its scale even increased. Transport fully met the needs of the economy and proved to be one of the means helping the economy out of the crisis. The ocean of economic and natural shocks that befell Japan made the inhabitants of that country take a new look at the prospects for the transport development. The new strategy for innovative development provides not so much an increase in speed, but rather the reliability, safety and environmental friendliness of transportation means. Implementation of the 4.0 revolution's achievements presents an urgent need. The entire economy of the country, as well as its place in the world economy, to a large extent depends on the pace of transition to a new model of transportation.

The article deals with sound, music, and harmony as universals of the Chinese cultural code. The cultural code is the result of merging ideas concerning the ontological unity of the world, including the harmony of society, the state and the individual. These ideas permeate historical monuments, philosophical studies, artistic creativity, and the life of every person. At the time of 'roots' and 'sources', the Chinese worldview reveals in signs of the divine — Shen (神) and subtle, elegant — Miao (妙) evidence of the manifestation of the previously hidden Tao and the birth of meanings and categories of Chinese aesthetics. Their interaction is inseparable from sound and music, which at the initial stage manifest themselves as a rhythm of ontological action. Interconnected yin and yang (female and male; dark and light) are connected to it, complementing each other, enveloping the world with web of allusions. Thus, the "Chun-qiu" classic confirms that as a result, everything that exists, "finding its final form", occupies a "certain space", which has a "certain tone". "The ancient kings were based on this in the establishment of music" (Luishi Chunqiu). So was born an idea of beauty as a harmony of He, equally significant for life and artistic creativity, including theater. The complex architectonics of Chinese theater is based on the laws of music and musical rhythm, according to which vocal lines, speech passages, conditioned by the tonal pronunciation norm, stage movement, rhythm of stage action, symbolic gesture, dance pattern combine, meaning that the theater is embodied not only in plot collisions, but also conveys the deepest meanings of Chinese ontology.

The article continues to discuss Prof. Leonid B. Alaev's book Problems of the Oriental History (Moscow, 2019). Turning to the Oriental history, the author of the monograph creates a broad picture of the world's historical development, including the Eastern world's current state, and extrapolates his observations on Russia. The authors focus on the main problem, which, in their opinion, provokes a discussion. This is a question about the correlation between the historical knowledge and metatheory. The article focuses on controversial issues arising from Leonid Alaev's critique of the Marxist and civilizational approaches. The East–West dilemma and the problem of the Western path of development become central. Against this background, it becomes possible for Leonid Alaev to turn to the history of colonialism and ground a few conclusions about the modern Russia. The author relies on a lot of historical facts and transforms the Oriental studies into a foundation for the world history freed from Eurocentrism. Leonid Alaev overcomes dogmatism of the Marxist approach to human history as a progression through a series of stages and considers the Marxist theory of the historical process from the viewpoint of historical facts. However, the authors consider that Eurocentrism, which is characteristic of Marxism and its modern adherents and reformers, shows resilience, contrary to Prof. Alaev's conclusions. Transition from the Marxist idea of monolinear historical development to Wallerstein's position, the world-system analysis, is clearly not enough to overcome it. In general, Leonid Alaev's research is characterized by undeniable thoroughness and puts forward reasoned arguments, providing basis for further fruitful discussions.

The article is dedicated for the 85th anniversary of His Holiness Dalai Lama the 14th Tenzin Gyatso and considers his contribution to establishing the dialogue between academic research and spirituality. It depicts main points of Dalai Lama's way in science, the results of which he described in his book 'The Universe in a Single Atom. How Science and Spirituality Can Serve Our World'. In this book His Holiness tried to explain the possibility of reaching a unified vision of the world, based not only on science but also on spirituality. Dalai Lama is sure of the necessity of the dialogue between science and Buddhism; he believes that there are certain points, where science and Buddhist philosophy come very close to each other, and may form a good base for such a dialogue. It is for example non-theistic character of both science and Buddhism, the similarity of their methods of cognition, along with the common goal of attaining the truth. Dalai Lama raises one important question: Should there be a place for ethics in science? Giving the positive answer, he then proves it expressly. For several decades Dalai Lama has been undertaking active efforts to facilitate the dialogue between science and spirituality. Recently Russian scholars have also joined this process. By Dalai Lama's initiative two big conferences were held under the aegis of the program "Fundamental knowledge: dialogues of Russian and Buddhist scholars". As a result of these meetings the joint Russian and Buddhist research center was organized in South India to study the altered states of conciseness, basing on various types of Buddhist meditation.

On January 30th 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 pandemic a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). Italy has been one of the most affected countries in the world. To contain further spread of the virus, the Italian government has imposed an unprecedented long-period lockdown for the entire country. This dramatic scenario may have caused a strong psychological distress, with potential negative long-term mental health consequences. The aim of the present study is to report the prevalence of high psychological distress due to the COVID-19 pandemic on the general population, especially considering that this aspect is consistently associated with PTSD symptoms. Furthermore, the present study aims to identify the risk factors for high PTSD symptoms, including individual differences and subjective perception of both economic and psychological aspects. We administered an online survey to 1253 participants during the peak period of the contagion in Italy. A logistic regression on the Impact of Event Scale – Revised (IES-R) scores was used to test the risk factors that predict the possibility to develop PTSD symptoms due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Gender (female), lower perceived economic stability, higher neuroticism, and fear and consequences of contagion were predictors of high PTSD symptomatology. The results, highlighted in the present study, extend our understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on the population's mental health, by identifying individuals at high-risk of developing PTSD. This may help with the implementation of specific protocols to prevent the possibility of developing symptoms of PTSD in target populations.

An active discussion of the questions of the advisability of forming new principles of national unity and creating an orderly harmonious world in the minds of people, strengthening the educational functions of the state, its concern for public morality do not primarily concern education, humanization of its content, and revision of the educational process. The formation and implementation of a state policy adequate to this problem must comply with the requirements of our time, create, on the one hand, conditions for ensuring the rights and freedoms of citizens, including the observance of the fundamental principles of religious freedom, and on the other, develop legislative norms that regulate these rights. A legal democratic state provides for the formation of public policy in accordance with the needs of society and taking into account public thought. The secular nature of public education is not an obstacle to the introduction of disciplines in the provision of religious knowledge in the educational process of schools, religious knowledge can and should be considered as an element of secular culture. Knowledge of religion should be carried out by secular teachers, be neutral in content and not be accompanied by religious rites. The problems of the formation of moral and spiritual values, the worldview of a person, the introduction of religious disciplines in secondary schools are vividly discussed in scientific, educational, government circles, as well as among representatives of the clergy. The religious component in secular education will give importance to folk culture and traditional religion, which will form concepts such as tolerance and respect for other faiths and cultures, which is important in the context of globalization of the world.

The animosity which often prevails among French and German trade unionists in the wake of World War I disappears in the aftermath of the Second conflict. The meetings are more numerous, certain positions converge and the demands related to specific workforces often meet. Despite this, the two union worlds find it hard to understand each other. French and German union models seek to adapt to the evolution of capitalism. Undeniably German trade unionism seems to have better coped with this transformation. His weight, influence and co-management allowed him to achieve the highest standard of living for German labour forces, and gave them often better social protection in comparison with their French or British counterparts. Divided, folded over ideological identities and marked by the strategies of confrontation, French trade unionism has obviously greater difficulties. Favourable developments can be seen, however. The number of union members for instance is increasing and innovative thinking is emerging. European integration represents a challenge for these organizations, even if most of the organizations are in favour of it. It obliges trade unionists (as well as politicians, senior civil servants etc.) to take new approaches. Due to the contacts generated between French and German unionists, this period 1945-1962 prepares the two major developments of trade unionism during the next decade: the birth of a European trade unions' confederation and that of the first Interregional Trade Union Council on Lorraine, Saarland and Luxembourg-level. Contacts and crossed views between French and German trade unionists were thus essential to establish a Europe of trade unions.

Twenty-five years ago, robotics guru Joseph Engelberger had a mission to motivate research teams all over the world to design the 'Elderly Care Giver', a multitasking personal robot assistant for everyday care needs in old age. In this article, we discuss how this vision of omnipotent care robots has influenced the design strategies of care robotics, the development of R&D initiatives and ethics research on use of care robots. Despite the expectations of robots revolutionizing care of older people, the role of robots in human care has remained marginal. The value of world trade in service robots, including care robots, is rather small. We argue that the implementation of robots in care is not primarily due to negative user attitudes or ethical problems, but to problems in R&D and manufacturing. The care robots currently available on the market are capable of simple, repetitive tasks or colloquial interaction. Thus far, also research on care robots is mostly conducted using imagi-nary scenarios or small-scale tests built up for research purposes. To develop useful and affordable robot solutions that are ethically, socially and ecologically sustainable, we suggest that robot initiatives should be evaluated within the framework of care ecosystems. This implies that attention has to be paid to the social, emotional and practical contexts in which care is given and received. Also, the political, economic and ecological realities of organizing care and producing technological commodities have to be acknowledged. It is time to openly discuss the drivers behind care robot initiatives to outline the bigger picture of organizing care under conditions of limited resources. ; peerReviewed

Covid-19 has become a global epidemic all around the world. All countries around the world have been completely struggled by this outbreak, including Indonesia. Economy crisis is something that could not be avoided. Naturally, workers, and entrepreneurs will be either directly or indirectly affected. Massive amount of companies has applied the regulation "Termination of Employment", laid of the workers, and even deduction on wages payment. Workers have become vulnerable parties in this case because they do not have enough assurance. Article 164 (1) Act No. 3 of 2003 concerning Manpower indeed regulates the Termination of Employment regulation because of force majeure, however this law seems to be slightly unsuitably applied for this outbreak Covid-19 situation. Therefore, this study is aimed to do legal discoursing in which can both assure those workers and maintain the operation of business in this tight condition. Finally, Indonesia needs to return back to kinship culture and unity in diversity philosophy as stated in Pancasila to equalize the interests both for workers and employers. According to Article 33 (1) and (4) of 1945 Constitution of Republic Indonesia, it has been firmly stated that Indonesian economy should be organized as a common endeavor based upon the principles of the family system and conducted on basis of Pancasila democracy. Hence, government is expected to play the intermediary role in order to unify and even out interest of all parties. Law of Manpower need to be adjusted with some regulations about rights and responsibilities accommodate to workers, employers, and government in deal with epidemic outbreak.

The Diplomatic relations between Mexico and the People´s Republic of China were established on February 14, 1972, after the Mexican government joined in October 1971 to vote in favor of the Asian country joining the United Nations as sole representative of that nation and accepting the principle of "one China" based on the recognition of the indivisibility of its territory. Even though China and Mexico have not signed any Free Trade Agreement, economically speaking China is today the second largest commercial partner of Mexico in the world and the third global destination of Mexican exports. Under the Mexico-China Comprehensive Strategic Association, agreements have been generated that have improved Mexico's access to the Chinese market. Still the bilateral trade balance between these two countries has been in deficit for Mexico, especially as a result of the push achieved by the PRC after joining the World Trade Organization.This research attempts to analyses the trade relationship between Mexico and China in the context SWOT analysis, that it, from the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats such partnership has, also analyses whether or not this two nations are strategic partners, as well as whether or not their economies reflect any benefit as a consequence of their trade activity. At the end of this research, it was found that Mexico's trade exchange with China has not opened real opportunities for Mexican foreign trade, and therefore has not managed to become a key factor in the growth of the Mexican economy, which partly is due to the deficit reported by México, which show that commercial exchange has not been equitable between the two parties.