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Through a nationally representative U.S. survey of 1,214 participants, this study examined attitudes toward the role of corporations in public interest communications and response to a series of recent high-profile corporate social advocacy cases. Findings provide preliminary evidence for what types of public interests are most appropriate for organizations to address, based on perceived motivations, commitment to advocacy, and dimension of corporations as actors for social change. Results from this study suggest demographic differences by political viewpoints, age, income, education, and gender. However, an overall level of agreement across all respondents indicates that corporations should engage in addressing important social issues, which is particularly noteworthy given that the U.S. population skews conservative.

The book examines the magnitude of the unemployment problem in the African economy as well as the prospects for the future of Africa's growing labor force. It identifies the constraints on employment expansion and proposes how they could be removed. The issues addressed (also in case studies) include the brain drain, youth unemployment, educated unemployment, performance and problems of the informal sector, the employment-creation potentials of the agricultural sector, education and training, personnel management, and the constraints of rapid population growth. (DÜI-Sbd)

Sociology Reference Guide: Issues of Health & -- Illness -- Contents -- Introduction -- Medicalization -- Legal & -- Ethical Issues of Life & -- Death -- Public Health Issues -- Disability & -- Impairment -- Child Obesity -- Youth Suicide -- Sociology of Addiction -- Substance Abuse Prevention & -- Education -- Sex Addiction Disorders -- Sex, Gender & -- Sexuality: Sexually Transmitted Diseases -- Mental Health & -- E-Therapy -- Holistic Medicine -- Doctor-Patient Communication -- Long-Term & -- Institutional Care -- Religion & -- Health -- Grief & -- Bereavement.

This Road Safety Management Capacity Assessment (RSMCA) seeks to gain a broad understanding of the Government of Vanuatu's road safety management capacity to support its plans to improve road safety outcomes throughout the country. The RSMCA follows the seven critical road safety institutional management functions (Bliss and Breen 2013) to identify key challenges and provide recommendations for improvement in road safety management, and similarly addresses the Safe System pillars for the interventions level. The seven institutional management functions include: results focus, coordination, legislation, finance and resource allocation, promotion and advocacy, monitoring and evaluation, and research and development of knowledge transfer. The Safe System pillars include road safety management, safe roads and mobility, safe vehicles, safe road users, post-crash care, and safe speeds. The RSMCA's alignment with both the road safety institutional management functions and the Safe System Approach in turn aims to help the Government of Vanuatu to prioritize targeted next steps to address road crash death and serious injury in the country.

This article begins with the author's ideas about the meanings of human performance, success and failure. The process of managing performance is then sketched. Fourteen significant issues associated with the different phases of the process are next discussed. The article concludes with some predictions and prescriptions for performance management in the future.

"This paper reviews the literature on the performance of commonly found social safety net programs in developing countries. The evidence suggests that universal food subsidies have very limited potential for redistributing income. While targeted food subsidies have greater potential, this can only be realized when adequate attention is given to the design and implementation, as well as to the social and political factors influencing the adoption, of these programs. Although well-designed public works programs have impressive targeting performance, they have large non-wage costs; thus, to be cost-effective, they need to produce outputs that are especially beneficial to poor households. Social funds, which emphasize both community involvement and asset creation, have been cost-effective, but they are difficult to target to extremely poor households. Traditional public works programs are particularly attractive for addressing vulnerability, but they require flexibility regarding choice of output. Targeted human capital subsidies appear to have great potential for addressing extreme poverty; but again, their design needs to reflect the human capital profile of countries and the administrative capability of the government." -- Author's Abstract ; Non-PR ; IFPRI1; GRP28; Theme 8;Public Policy and Investment ; FCND

This book discusses various dimensions of Indian fiscal federalism, focusing on the current fiscal imbalances - both vertical and horizontal - and their correction. Throwing light on different angles of this subject, it presents well-researched papers, which are divided into three sections. The first section, 'Fiscal federalism and resolving the fiscal imbalances', includes five chapters that discuss this theme and also explain the various strategies to remove the existing imbalances in India. 'Fiscal decentralization for high growth' which is the second section, explains how decentralisation leads to high economic growth and showcases empirical evidence from a few Indian states that are flourishing due to this policy. The third section, 'Emerging issues' offers six chapters describing several existing key concerns in fiscal federalism that have a major impact on achieving India's development goals. Including contributions from leading academics in this field, the book will be of great interest to research scholars and policy makers alike."Besides addressing the core issue of fiscal imbalances and ways to correct them, the chapters] touch on several issues confronting the Indian fiscal system at the centre, state and local levels. The chapters] are well researched and well argued. The book is a valuable addition to the literature on Fiscal Federalism."--Dr. C. Rangarajan, Ex-Governor of Reserve Bank of India; Chairman, Madras School of Economics, Chennai, India.