Suchergebnisse

Hauptbeschreibung Die Verhandlungen um Frieden glichen im Europa der Frühen Neuzeit dem Aushandeln eines Geschäfts, das von Akteuren, spezifischen Umständen aber auch Zufällen beeinflusst wurde. Daher war die Gefahr missverständlicher Übersetzungs- und Deutungsoptionen fester Bestandteil von Friedensverhandlungen. Auch die "Ignoranz" spielte in der Politik und Jurisprudenz der Frühen Neuzeit eine wichtige Rolle. Häufig wurde Unwissen vorgetäuscht, um argumentative, politische und juristische Vorteile zu erlangen. In diesem Band versammeln sich Frühneuzeit-, Ideen-, Friedens-, Rechts.

The pros­pect of the United King­dom leav­ing the Euro­pean Union (EU) in 2019 casts a sha­dow on the al­ready un­stable peace in Northern Ireland, the British ex­clave in the north­east of the island of Ireland. This report out­lines the app­roach, frame­work cond­itions and course of the Northern Irish peace process - as well as the signs of its im­pending col­lapse. It also out­lines the challenges that a "Brexit" poses for continued peace­ful relations in Northern Ireland.

In early August 2019 the president of Mozambique and the leader of the largest oppo­si­tion party signed a new peace agreement. This has revived the peace process between the Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO) and the Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO), which has been in power since 1994. Great challenges remain, such as the disarmament and reintegration of RENAMO fighters. Furthermore, new trouble spots have emerged: Since October 2017, a wave of vio­lence has cost the lives of well over 300 people in Cabo Delgado Province. Although "Islamic State" (IS) has claimed responsibility for some of the attacks, the motives and structures of the group responsible remain unclear. Its occurrence points to pro­found social cleavages and alienation between the population and the political elite. At the same time, the north of Mozambique has become a hub for the illicit economy. Criminal transactions are above all symptoms of state neglect and extensive impunity. Experience from other conflict regions shows that this constellation can have fatal consequences. For this reason, international actors including the German government should press for rapid and far-reaching measures that go beyond the official peace process. (author's abstract)

Der Verfasser analysiert die Entwicklungen im Sudan nach dem Ende des 22-jährigen Bürgerkrieges im Lande anhand seiner eigenen Erfahrungen. Rechtsgrundlage für die Beendigung der Kriegshandlungen stellte eine Friedensvereinbarung zwischen dem arabischen Norden und dem christlichen Süden des Lande dar. Trotzdem ist die Gewaltanwendung ein nicht weg zu denkendes Phänomen im Alltag des Landes, von dem vor allem die Opfer des Bürgerkrieges betroffen sind. Der Autor beschreibt eine Reihe von Berufsqualifizierungsmaßnahmen für junge Menschen, deren Ziel darin besteht, diese zu befähigen, aktiv an der Förderung des Friedensprozesses zu partizipieren. Die Maßnahmen leisten zugleich einen Beitrag zur Integration der Teilnehmer. In der Studie werden die involvierten Akteure und deren Rechtsgrundlage thematisiert: staatliche Rechtsvorschriften sollen das Stammesrecht ersetzen. Abschließend werden praktische Konsequenzen für die Tätigkeit in post-konfliktuellen Situationen abgeleitet. (ICF)

Abstract This doctoral dissertation describes a longitudinal research project seeking to contribute to our understanding the role of meaning-making processes in creating or obstructing societal and political transformations towards peace. The focus of the project is on the plurality and dynamicity of social knowledge in peace processes, thus I draw on the social representations theory, a constructivist approach to social knowledge. I investigated the case of the peace/resolution process regarding the Kurdish question in Turkey through three empirical studies using media data. First, various constructions of the concept of peace, their discursive function, and change in the constructions as the peace/resolution process continued are investigated by using corpus linguistic methods in the corpora of five newspapers for two-years period. Later, various representations of the peace/resolution process, their underlying cultural and ideological resources as well as their action orientations are scrutinized by performing critical discourse analysis. Lastly, various understandings of the peace process and communication strategies in dealing with other understandings are investigated by conducting qualitative content analysis and discourse analysis on readersa comments to an online newspaper. Through these studies, I investigate the historical, cultural, and political factors that influence constructions of different understandings of peace. I look at how these various subjective understandings exist together, how they deal with each other and how they orient people to treat othersa understandings. I also identify how the various understandings change as a result of interactions with each other and adapt to changing physical realities. Lastly, I interpret how these various understandings constitute social context that promote or impede social change towards peace. By doing so, I address the reciprocal and simultaneous influence between society members and social and political context through plurality and dynamics of social knowledge. I argue that focus on these relations provide a conceptual framework to address the complexity of move towards peace.