Search results

The study investigates the history of prisons in general. In particular, the author outlines how this process has been developed in Romania. The study is conceived and analysed taking into consideration the historical evolution of humanity, firstly the appearance of prisons is approached and afterwards their evolution until the XVIIIth ce ntury. Later on the reform process of the punitive feudal systems until the establishment of modern prisons is analysed. The study pays special attention to the penitentiary system under the communist regime (in particular, the author analyses the penitentiary system in communist Romania). At the end of the study, the penitentiary system in the post-communist period is analysed, suggesting some prospective visions on the future of penitentiaries.

An insightful look through the history of punishment and prisons offers a new perspective on the changes that have been undergone or would occur in the Romanian penitentiary system. In the last instance the Romanian punishment and prisons have not displayed the same functions from their origin till now. The study of documents, old chronics and writings of various historians unveil huge differences in thinking the punishment and the role of prison in different historic ages. There were times when the prisons were situated either in the center of society (in country's Principe or boyars' courts) or times when they were placed at society's periphery. The execution was public or hidden. A trip in the history of the Romanian detention system opens a wide window toward the future of this social system.

The article is an analysis of European Union legislation on conservation and protection of biodiversity. It emphasizes the achievements of the activity of the EU in this area, mainly the establishment of the Natura 2000 Network, examining the obligations of the Member States that are stipulated in the Birds and Habitats Directives. It points out to the integration of biodiversity protection in other fields of EU sectoral policies as well.

The study of the labour market trends of the evolution at local level has a great importance, because its optimal functioning is vital for ensuring the economic development and competitiveness. From this perspective the quantity and value of the available human resources and the efficiency of their use become essential for the sustainable economic development of the Cahul district. The main factors of influence on the workforce state during 2014-2018 were: the demographic processes, labour force migration and the influence of the
macroeconomic environment. In order to diminish the influence of the listed factors it is necessary: a) to create stable and attractive jobs with a professional growth perspective, b) to facilitate the employers' interaction with potential employees, c) to prevent unemployment among young people. With a constantly growing population, able to work and having various professional training possibilities, the Cahul district is constituted as a regional centre with high
potential of economic development.

Măsurarea accesibilității spațiale a devenit o parte integrantă a studiilor de fundamentare a strategiilor de investiții, în special în domenii precum extinderea serviciilor publice, implantarea de noi infrastructuri majore de transport, dezenclavarea zonelor marginalizate. Deși această necesitate se manifestă la toate scările de analiză, este surprinzător faptul că, în peisajul lucrărilor științifice din România, evaluările sintetice și critice ale conceptelor și metodelor utilizate (sau utilizabile în perspectivă) sunt relativ neactualizate și insuficient racordate la ultimele practici internaționale. Lucrarea de față propune, pe de o parte, o sinteză critică a metodelor utilizate în literatura internațională, de la cele mai vechi până la cele dezvoltate în ultimii 5 ani, iar pe de altă parte o analiză comparativă a acestora. Au fost identificate șapte categorii de metode (pentru spații izotrope, bazate pe performanța infrastructurii/serviciilor de transport, cumulative, utilitare, comportamentale, gravitaționale, compozite pe bază de arii variabile de captare), avantajele/ dezavantajele fiecărei categorii de metode și contextul în care se recomandă utilizarea lor. Lucrarea de față identifică, de asemenea, principalele provocări în construirea de indicatori care să evalueze accesibilitatea spațială a populației la serviciile de interes general: pertinența științifică, aplicabilitatea/ posibilitatea operaționalizării acestora în folosul societății și comunicabilitatea/ușurința de interpretare a rezultatelor de către factorii decizionali.