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Seven friends and colleagues remember Richard Ohmann.

"It's Alright, Ma (I'm Only Bleeding)": Literature and Language in the Academy.
Reprint of the 1971 MLA Address by Louis Kampf. Preface by Paul Lauter. Postscript by Richard Ohmann

ABSTRACT Community service activities have been carried out by a team of lecturers from the Postgraduate Program in Aipiri to identify regional potential and human resource potential. The activity was carried out at the village hall which was followed by field visits to both residents' houses and agricultural land, forestry and the sea. Sampling of respondents was carried out randomly by considering the ownership of the resources owned. The results show that there are two existing agricultural conditions, namely 1) Agricultural Conditions at an Altitude > 10 m with green bean plants dominant; 2). The altitude of the place is 6 m above sea level (residential settlement) with flower plants, vegetables and plant sources of carbohydrates, areca nut and betel. The forest area is included in the tropical forest, 75% is natural forest and 25% is artificial forest. Livestock developed by the community in Aipiri are pigs with more males than females. Fisheries activities in Aipiri are still in the form of traditional activities. The fishing grounds for fishermen only reach the waters in front of the village, using rowboats without motors. The people who inhabit Aipiri are grouped into heterogeneous communities because there has been an assimilation of various ethnicities, including the Biak, Serui, MPur, Javanese, Wandamen and Meyah ethnic groups. The social interaction that exists between community members is manifested through government, spiritual, economic, and educational activities. Aipiri is located on the northern coast of Bird's Head which is directly adjacent to the Pacific Ocean. Keywords: Aipiri; Human resources; Potential; Natural resources ABSTRAK Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat telah dilakukan oleh tim dosen Program Pascasarjana di kampung Aipiri untuk mengidentifikasi potensi wilayah dan potensi sumberdaya manusia. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di balai Desa yang dilanjutkan dengan kunjungan lapang baik di rumah-rumah warga maupun lahan pertanian, Kehutanan maupun laut. Pengambilan sampel responden ...

Tanah Laut is one of the mainstays of the tourist sector in South Kalimantan. Tanah Laut Regency has tourism potential, one of which is religious tourism. Religious tourism is a tourist activity to get fun or entertainment, also will get lessons about Islamic teachings and increase knowledge. The government of Tanah Laut regency conducting tourism promotions still through mass media such as newspapers and pamphlet methods is not enough to support tourist attractions for tourists. And there is no specific information system on religious tourism and besides that in the Tourism Office the data on religious tourism in several sub-districts in the regency of the sea are still not yet complete or complete in the data collection of religious tourism spots. The purpose of the research is to make a design and a Geographic Tourism Information System that can display a picture and provide detailed information on the location of religious tourism in several sub-districts in Tanah Laut district. Information in the form of a web mobile is expected to help the community to access it anywhere and anytime. In geographical information systems, religious tourism is built using the Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) and JavaScript programming languages.

ABSTRACT The Bajau Laut, or Sea Bajau or also often referred to with the derogatory label Palauh by other communities, are known to be living within their ancestral domain of the Sulu and the Celebes Seas or the Sulu-Semporna-South Sulawesi Triangle. During the Pre-British period, their mobility around this region was well established as part of their civilization and was not an issue with other peoples in the land-based territories. However, the legal status of the Bajau Laut became problematic when citizenship and territories were formalized by the emergence of the nation-states of the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia. In the case of the Bajau Laut population located on the Malaysian side of Sabah, the dynamics of their own internal development has become more complicated. In Sabah there are three groups of Bajau: the West Coast Bajau, the various groups of East Coast Bajau, and the Bajau Laut who can be found along Sabah's east coast, and around the islands off of Semporna. These three groups can be differentiated by their language and dialects, as well as livelihood, status in life, education, community structure and their general worldviews. The West Coast Bajau and the East Coast Bajau have slowly integrated themselves into the Malaysian society, while the Bajau Laut continues their semi-nomadic life at sea and are generally regarded as stateless by the Malaysian government. This paper looks into the changes that has occurred within the Bajau Laut group and how they are viewed by the Sabah government and society. One of the main finding of this paper is that the status of the Bajau Laut as stateless has made them more vulnerable and easily exploited. This in turn presents as a possible security problem to the state as these people pledges allegiance to no one.

ABSTRACT The Bajau Laut, or Sea Bajau or also often referred to with the derogatory label Palauh by other communities, are known to be living within their ancestral domain of the Sulu and the Celebes Seas or the Sulu-Semporna-South Sulawesi Triangle. During the Pre-British period, their mobility around this region was well established as part of their civilization and was not an issue with other peoples in the land-based territories. However, the legal status of the Bajau Laut became problematic when citizenship and territories were formalized by the emergence of the nation-states of the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia. In the case of the Bajau Laut population located on the Malaysian side of Sabah, the dynamics of their own internal development has become more complicated. In Sabah there are three groups of Bajau: the West Coast Bajau, the various groups of East Coast Bajau, and the Bajau Laut who can be found along Sabah's east coast, and around the islands off of Semporna. These three groups can be differentiated by their language and dialects, as well as livelihood, status in life, education, community structure and their general worldviews. The West Coast Bajau and the East Coast Bajau have slowly integrated themselves into the Malaysian society, while the Bajau Laut continues their semi-nomadic life at sea and are generally regarded as stateless by the Malaysian government. This paper looks into the changes that has occurred within the Bajau Laut group and how they are viewed by the Sabah government and society. One of the main finding of this paper is that the status of the Bajau Laut as stateless has made them more vulnerable and easily exploited. This in turn presents as a possible security problem to the state as these people pledges allegiance to no one.

Die Erstsprachen der Lernenden stellen im Zweitsprachenunterricht eine wertvolle Ressource dar, zu der die Übersetzung einen Zugang bietet. Ein methodischer Einsatz von Erstsprachen und translatorischen Aktivitäten, der dem Erfassen, Artikulieren und Vermitteln von subjektiv bedeutsamen Inhalten dient, kann eine tiefgehende Lernwirksamkeit entfalten. In der vorliegenden Studie wird ein derartiger Unterricht beschrieben, gesellschaftspolitisch und didaktisch kontextualisiert und empirisch analysiert. ; In the acquisition of a second language, the learners first languages are a valuable resource which can be accessed through translation. A usage of first languages and translational activities that facilitates the comprehension, expression, and communication of meaningful matters can release a profound learning potential. The present study describes such a tuitional setting, places it in a sociopolitical and didactical context, and analyzes it with means of empirical research. ; vorgelegt von Lic. Bernadette Konzett ; Zusammenfassungen in Deutsch und Englisch ; Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung des Verfassers/der Verfasserin ; Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Masterarbeit, 2019 ; (VLID)4479474

Migrationsgesellschaften zeichnen sich durch kulturelle und sprachliche Diversität aus. Für das Bildungswesen bedeutet Mehrsprachigkeit einerseits eine potentielle Quelle für Kreativität, aber auch eine Herausforderung auf der anderen Seite. Da Migrationsströme zunehmen, ist es wichtig, dass Schulsysteme auf den Umgang mit Mehrsprachigkeit optimal vorbereitet sind. Speziell im Fall von Österreich bekommt man teilweise den Eindruck, als würde von Mehrsprachigkeit eine Gefahr für die deutsche Sprache ausgehen. Vor allem hitzige Diskussion rund um eine Deutschpflicht in den Schulpausen und das Programm der neuen Bundesregierung, laut dem SchülerInnen mit wenig Deutschkenntnissen vor dem regulären Schulunterricht eigene Deutschklassen besuchen sollen, lassen darauf schließen, dass Österreich mit Mehrsprachigkeit und dem damit zusammenhängenden Potential nicht nachhaltig umgeht. Auch die Einführung der Deutschförderklassen im Schuljahr 2018/19 wird vom Österreichischen Verband für Deutsch als Fremdsprache/Zweitsprache als "tendenziell segregierend" eingestuft und ohne nachhaltige Effekte auf eine höhere Bildungsgerechtigkeit. ; This article is about multilingualism and education in Austria. The focus lies on the question if the Austrian educational system supports or prevents multilingualism. Although knowledge of foreign language is necessary in our globalized world, the Austrian school system does not frequently use the potential of children who speak another first language other than German. Unfortunately, monolingual habitus and linguizism are predominant in Austria. It is possible to receive language courses to study the first language, but it does not improve the school career. Thus, language is never a neutral instrument, but also a factor for integration or segregation.

In the national and political unitary body in Tanah Laut district, there is actually a system created to deal with staffing problems in the environment. However, there are still many shortcomings in the system. The first thing is seen in the retirement status of employees, in this information system there is no feature that can know when the employee retires, this is clearly very detrimental to the national and political unitary body of Tanah Laut Regency, because retired employees may still be registered in the system So far, the admin cannot know when the employee will retire, because there is no feature made to find out this information. Based on the description of the explanation, it is necessary to develop a personnel information system that can manage pension data and manage class data on a regular basis. . In developing the application, the author uses the waterfall method using the PHP programming language (Framework CodeiIgniter), HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and is designed using Entity Relationship Diagrams, Data Flow Diagrams and Flowcharts. This application is expected to be able to assist in viewing the data of retired employees. Keywords: Information Systems, Employees, Retirement, and Development.

1 An overview of the language, literature and culture of Brunei Darussalam -- Section I Language -- 2 An overview of the language, literature and culture of Brunei Darussalam -- 3 An overview of the language, literature and culture of Brunei Darussalam -- 4 A comparison of Malay and English texts in the Royal Brunei Muhibah magazine -- 5 On-line communication by the Brunei government in Malay and English -- 6Chinese dialects in Brunei: Shift, maintenance or loss? 6 Chinese dialects in Brunei: Shift, maintenance or loss? -- Section II Literature -- 7 Urih Pesisir: A reflection of the political history of the Sultanate of Brunei in the 19th century -- 8 Re-thinking lost subjects: Arrested intercultural identity in Muslim Burmat's Permainan Laut -- 9 Examining the imagined environments in contemporary Bruneian fiction: Developing Southeast Asian ecocriticism -- 10 Negotiating identity in Anglophone literature in Brunei -- 11 A case study of key processes experienced in an English 'A' Level literature classroom -- Section III Culture -- 12 Defining Bruneian cultural identity through contemporary artistic practice -- 13 A cultural enterprise: A study of modern Bruneian films -- 14 Deconstructing symbolism in Brunei Malay wedding customs -- 15 Local social media responses to Sharia Law in Brunei -- 16 Revisiting dominant cultural knowledge through the prism of Islam: How young Malays Islamize culture in Brunei.

Die einschlägige Literatur weist darauf hin, dass verschiedene dolmetschwissenschaftliche Ansätze dem Dolmetschen entweder in die Mutter- oder in die erste Fremdsprache den Vorzug geben. Als Argumente geben die Autoren jeweils die Gewährleistung der höchst möglichen Qualität beim Dolmetschen an, welche laut Kalina (2005) dann vorliegt, wenn der Zieltext eine größtmögliche Entsprechung zum Ausgangstext aufweist. In der vorliegenden Diplomarbeit wird die Qualität beim Simultandolmetschen für die Sprachkombination Slowenisch - Deutsch unter Berücksichtigung der Direktionaliät behandelt. Dabei wird von der Hypothese ausgegangen, dass die Direktionalität keinen Einfluss auf die Qualität der simultanen Verdolmetschung hat. Zur Überprüfung der Hypothese wird eine Evaluierung von sechs Originalreden und deren Verdolmetschungen aus Plenarsitzungen des Europäischen Parlaments anhand der Parameter des Modells von Kalina (2011) vorgenommen. Dabei erfolgt die Verdolmetschung bei der Hälfte der Reden in die Muttersprache und bei der andere Hälfte in die erste Fremdsprache der Dolmetscher/innen. Die Dolmetschqualität wird am zahlenmäßigen Abstand zwischen den Ergebnissen des Vergleichs von Ausgangstext und Zieltext gemessen. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass es sich im Falle einer niedrigeren Punktezahl der Verdolmetschung im Vergleich zur Punktezahl der Originalrede nicht um eine qualitativ hochwertige Dolmetschleistung handeln kann, was die Ergebnisse der empirischen Studie auch zum größten Teil bestätigten. Eine Verbesserung der Qualität der Verdolmetschung im Vergleich zur evaluierten Qualität der Originalrede liegt nur in zwei Fällen vor. In allen anderen Fällen ist eine Verschlechterung des Gesamtergebnisses zu verzeichnen. Im Gesamtvergleich haben die nichtmuttersprachlichen Verdolmetschungen um 7,78 Prozent schlechter abgeschnitten als die muttersprachlichen Verdolmetschungen. ; Several approaches in the field of interpreting studies prefer interpreting into the mother tongue rather than into the first foreign language, as indicated by the relevant literature. The authors' main objective is to assure the highest possible quality in interpreting. According to Kalina (2005), interpreting is of the highest possible quality when the target text and the source text correspond at the highest level. The thesis addresses the issue of quality in simultaneous interpreting in the Slovene and German language combination, focusing on the impact of language direction. The thesis argues for the hypothesis that language directionality has no influence on the quality of simultaneous interpreting. This hypothesis is tested through an evaluation of six source texts and their interpretations from plenary sessions of the European Parliament. The evaluation is based on the parameters of Kalina's model (2011). Half of the source texts are interpreted into the mother tongue and the other half into the first foreign language of the interpreters. The quality of interpretation is measured by the difference in scores achieved when comparing the analysis of both the target and the source text. In cases where interpretations achieve lower scores than the source texts, it can be assumed that this indicates a low quality of interpreting, as the results of the study confirm. An improvement in the quality of interpreting as compared to the source text was found only in two cases. In all other cases the overall results indicate a decline in quality. An overall comparison shows that interpretations into the first foreign language scored 7,78 percent less than those into the mother tongue. ; vorgelegt von Petra Munda ; Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers ; Zsfassungen in dt. und engl. Sprache ; Graz, Univ., Dipl.-Arb., 2015 ; (VLID)367989

Autorenname: Gabriel HaringTitel: Unterdrückt ? verdrängt ? verschwunden:Das Schicksal des Slowenischen in der südlichen Steiermarkseit den 1930er JahrenZusammenfassungIm Süden der Steiermark wurde seit dem Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts die Bevölkerung einem sprachlichen Assimilations-Prozess unterworfen, der dazu führte, dass das Slowenische nach und nach verloren ging. Diese Veränderung hatte sodann zur Folge, dass wirtschaftliche, gesellschaftliche und familiäre Beziehungen über die neue Grenze zu Jugoslawien abbrachen. Indikatoren des Sprachwandels bildeten die negative Einstellung der regionalen Politiker, der steirischen Landesregierung, der Kirche und des Schulsystems. Auch so genannte "Schutzvereine" setzten sich zum Ziel, sprachliche Minderheiten in meist anderen Staaten zu betreuen, aber im eigenen Land die Assimilierung bis an die Staatsgrenzen auszuweiten.Weiters boten sich diese Minderheiten an, für politische Zwecke missbraucht zu werden. Dass sich antikommunistische Banden, ähnlich den kommunistischen Partisanen, in der steirischen-slowenischen Grenzregion aufhielten, ist sicherlich auf die slowenischen Sprachkenntnisse und die hügelige Landschaft zurückzuführen.Obwohl der slowenischen Minderheit in der Steiermark laut des Artikel VII des Staatsvertrages von 1955 ausdrücklich Minderheitenrechte zugestanden wären, wurde dies von der Landespolitik über Jahrzehnte abgelehnt. Mit welchen Problemen der "Artikel-VII-Kulturverein für Steiermark" seit 1988 zu kämpfen hatte, soll ebenso beschrieben werden, wie die Entwicklung der Einstellung der Landespolitik seit Ende des Kommunismus und dem Zerfall Jugoslawiens. Wie Pflichtschulen durch Partnerschaften mit slowenischen Schulen der slowenischen Sprache wieder Raum gaben und dass die Inbetriebnahme eines slowenisch-sprachigen Radiosenders im Herbst 2013 von steirischen und slowenischen Politikern und örtlichen Gemeindevertretern gemeinsam durchgeführt wurde, wird im letzten Kapitel dargestellt. ; Abstract Since the end of the 19th century the inhabitants of the Styrian-Slovene border regions have been subjected to an assimilation process, which has leads to the disappearance of the Slovenian language. It has also influenced economic and social relationships, with the result being, that hardly any living south of the village of Leutschach are able to speak or to bequeath the Slovenian idiom. Important indicators during the change of the language were the negative attitude to the Slovene language in regional politics, the Styrian government, the church and the local education- system. In addition, associations ? called "Schutzvereine" ? out to either to supervise language minorities in other states or to assimilate all inhabitants in their own, with linguistic and cultural methods. In addition, these language minorities were also abused for political purposes. Anticommunist gangs concentrated their presence, similar to the communist partisans some years before, in the Styrian-Slovene border region, a phenomenon wholly traceable to the Slovene language spoken by the local inhabitants and the undulating and alpine landscape. Although the Slovene minority in Styria is expressly noted in article VII of the Austrian Independence Treaty, the Styrian government has refused the rights of the minority for decades. Additionally, the problems faced by the "Artikel-VII-Kulturverein für Steiermark" since its inception in 1988 and in which ways the political orientation of the Styrian government has changed, since the end of communism and the collapse of the state Yugoslavia will also be explored in this thesis.The last chapter will be concerned with how schools in the border region cooperate with Slovenian schools to support the Slovene language. It also indicates that at the border a Slovene-speaking radio transmitter was commissioned during a ceremony attended by Styrian und Slovene politicians und locale representatives of the municipality in autumn 2013. ; vorgelegt von Gabriel Haring ; Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers ; Zsfassungen in dt. und engl. Sprache ; Graz, Univ., Dipl.-Arb., 2014 ; (VLID)242652

Sprachvarietäten und insbesondere Dialekte sind ein fixer Bestandteil unseres Alltags. Auch in den Medien sind sie ein unumgängliches Mittel, mit dem nicht nur kommunikative, sondern auch gesellschaftliche, kulturelle und politische Aspekte dargestellt werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit hat zum Ziel, Funktionen der dialektalen Elemente in den kroatischen Synchronisationen der Zeichentrickfilme How to Train Your Dragon und The Princess and the Frog sowie Übersetzungsstrategien, die dabei angewandt wurden, zu untersuchen. Nach einem Überblick über Erforschung von Sprachvarietäten und Synchronisation, wird im empirischen Teil eine kontrastive Analyse der dialektalen Elemente in den zwei genannten Filmen durchgeführt. Angewandt werden dabei die Modelle von Elmar Schafroth (2016) zu Funktionen von Sprachvarietäten sowie Bärbel Czennia (2004) zu Strategien im Umgang mit dialektalen Elementen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Funktionen und Strategien in Korrelation mit soziologischen, kulturellen sowie sprachpolitischen Bedingungen in der Zielkultur angewandt werden. ; Language varieties, such as dialects, are an integral part of our everyday life. In media, they are an inescapable method of transmitting not only communicative, but also sociological, cultural and political information. The aim of this paper was to examine the roles and translation strategies of dialectal elements in the Croatian dubbed animated films How to train your dragon and The Princess and the frog. After an overview of the research about language varieties and dubbing, a contrastive analysis of the dialectal elements in the two aforementioned animations is carried out in the empirical part. The models used for that evaluation are by Elmar Schafroth (2016) regarding the roles of language varieties and Bärbel Czennia (2004) regarding strategies for dealing with these. The analysis shows that the roles and strategies used correlate with sociological, cultural and language policy settings in the target language. ; vorgelegt von Božica Hrženjak, BA ; Zusammenfassungen auf Deutsch und Englisch ; Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung des Verfassers/der Verfasserin ; Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Masterarbeit, 2020 ; (VLID)5195099