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Aim of this paper is to review the existing evidence on the support structures available to migrants and refugees in the UK labour market. It follows another expert report providing a comprehensive description of the legislation regulating the access to the labour market and entitlement to public services for the different categories of migrants in the UK. Far from being an attempt to assess the success and failures of the existing framework, the paper will try to provide a critical overview of the evidence available from policy documents, commissioned evaluations, databases for monitoring users' access and academic publications.

La jeunesse populaire, longtemps exclue de l'enseignement supérieur, représente désormais une composante de plus en plus importante de la population étudiante dans la plupart des pays occidentaux. L'ouverture sociale de la formation postsecondaire est allée de pair avec un processus de convergence européenne sur les questions éducatives, qui a conduit à la définition de stratégies communes pour renforcer le lien entre le monde de l'éducation et le monde du travail. En s'appuyant sur une enquête de terrain qualitative menée auprès de 50 étudiant·e·s, cet article vise à comparer les parcours d'orientation des jeunes issus des classes populaires vers les études supérieures en Italie et en France.

La cultura fascista è spesso associata con un'attitudine anti-modernista. In realtà, come questo articolo intende dimostrare, tematiche moderniste attraversano costantemente la cultura di estrema destra in Italia come in Francia e in Germania. Diversamente dal libro ormai canonico di Roger Griffin (Modernism and Fascism, 2007), questo articolo non analizza il mito della 'rigenerazione' etnico-nazionale (mito che, sostengo, è presente anche nelle prospettive anti-moderniste), ma focalizza in particolare sulla glorificazione culturale dell'industria e della tecnica, e poi sulla riconciliazione dell'arte con lo scenario industriale. Attraverso un'ampia ricognizione del milieu culturale francese, tedesco e italiano, l'articolo presenta al lettore una prima mappatura concernente la complessa relazione fra modernismo e cultura fascista.

The representation of the life in the trenches during the Great War has always been an epitome for the trauma. Yet, my article aims at focusing, in a comparative framework, on the trauma's processing that took place, narratively, in spaces at the side of the trenches, highlighting how this change of focus helped the authors to reflect on the indescribable shock expressed by the trenches themselves. This change of focus, I argue, was necessary for processing exactly that trauma related to the new – technological and Taylorist – nature of the conflict. ; La rappresentazione della vita nelle trincee durante la Prima guerra mondiale ha sempre rappresentato uno dei luoghi cardine del '900 per ciò che concerne la figurazione del trauma, caratterizzandosi quasi, a partire dalle pagine famose di Benjamin, come manifestazione epitomica del trauma stesso. Dalle prime descrizioni narrative (Barbusse, Remarque, ecc.) fino alle più attente ricostruzioni storiografiche (a cominciare da Leed e Fussell), la trincea ha fatto da correlativo metaforico dell'ingresso in una modernità – il '900 – da subito posta sotto l'egida proprio del trauma.Il mio intervento, pur non trascurando l'approccio allo spazio topico del primo conflitto mondiale, intende però, in ottica comparativa, concentrarsi su quell'elaborazione del trauma che ha luogo, narrativamente, in una serie di luoghi laterali rispetto alla trincea stessa, evidenziando come tale spostamento spaziale sia servito, agli autori in questione, per riflettere sull'indicibile che la trincea comunicava loro, cioè appunto per elaborare quel trauma connesso alla nuova, tecnologica e taylorizzata, natura del conflitto in corso. Gli spazi altri dalla trincea sono cioè venuti a rappresentare il luogo, pur con la trincea in stretto rapporto dialettico, all'interno del quale riflettere su quanto in trincea stava accadendo. Farò notare innanzitutto come la scelta del luogo altro in questione non sia mai casuale, ma sia invece sempre allegoricamente fatta per suggerire un'interpretazione del conflitto in corso: dalla birreria di Remarque al bordello udinese di Soffici, dalla caserma di Stanghellini al cimitero del Drieu La Rochelle di La comédie di Charleroi, dalle case abbandonate dei contadini in cui il giovane Ernst Jünger ritrova oggetti ormai, a contatto con la nuova realtà, privi di qualsivoglia valore, alla strada su cui le truppe fuggono in La rivolta dei santi maledetti di Malaparte. In seconda battuta spiegherò come tanto il luogo scelto per l'elaborazione del trauma quanto gli accadimenti lì narrati, siano strettamente correlati al giudizio dall'intellettuale espresso riguardo tanto al conflitto stesso quanto alle modalità della sua conduzione, militare e ideologica.

AbstractThe impact of migration on population growth has become a ubiquitous argument in UK immigration debates, leading to the introduction of immigration restrictions to reduce net migration and prevent the UK population from reaching 70 million. Taking the UK as a case study, this article assesses the rationale for setting a national net migration target as a pivotal point for migration policies and the feasibility of limiting net migration using immigration controls. A framework for analysing the effects of migration policies on net migration is proposed and applied to UK official migration data. The results show that, due to various policy constraints, competing objectives and unintended feedbacks, it is neither optimal nor entirely feasible to prioritize a reduction of net migration as a target for migration policies. Nevertheless, factoring net migration into the migration policy debate provides useful insights on the long‐term implications of migration policies in the context of broader demographic changes.

En Italie, les changements intervenus dans le secteur sanitaire ont engendré de nouveaux risques de type psychosocial. La loi les définit comme des risques de stress lié au travail et impose leur évaluation et leur gestion au sein des mesures plus générales de protection de la santé des travailleurs, mais souvent les personnes désignées pour accomplir cette tâche ne possèdent pas de compétences appropriées. L'article décrit une intervention de formation-recherche à destination des sujets qui ont la tâche de prévenir et de gérer ces risques. En partant de la nécessité de se conformer à la législation en matière de santé au travail, on a pu aborder quelques questions relatives à la direction des groupes de travail, à la gestion des relations dans l'organisation, à la production du service, autant de facteurs qui ont des répercussions directes sur la qualité du service et de la vie professionnelle et sur les risques psychosociaux : questions qui n'ont pu être abordées qu'à travers une formation étroitement liée aux problèmes réels et avec une forte connotation de recherche.

This article examines the demand for migrant labor in older‐adult care as one of the key aspects of the aging and migration nexus. It reviews the demographic determinants that have shaped demand for and provision of older‐adult care across Europe. Using the EU Labour Force Survey, new comparative estimates are generated on the employment of migrants in care occupations and the channels of entry into the European labor market. Projections on demand for and supply of care to the older population reveal a future gap in both formal and informal provision. It is shown that, owing to institutional, economic, and social constraints, the significant growth of the care workforce that will be required to meet the future needs of Europe's aging populations is unlikely to be achieved by relying exclusively on EU labor supply. The conclusions outline some implications for future immigration policies.

Aim of this paper is to review the existing evidence on the support structures available to migrants and refugees in the UK labour market. It follows another expert report providing a comprehensive description of the legislation regulating the access to the labour market and entitlement to public services for the different categories of migrants in the UK. Far from being an attempt to assess the success and failures of the existing framework, the paper will try to provide a critical overview of the evidence available from policy documents, commissioned evaluations, databases for monitoring users' access and academic publications.

El objetivo de este artículo es reconstruir la manera en que la clase obrera local ha respondido a los cambios sociales y políticos desde el retorno de la democracia, particularmente a aquellos cambios que se llevaron a cabo durante los primeros años del gobierno de Menem, entre 1989 y 1991. Esta reconstrucción explora el discurso ideológico de los obreros metalúrgicos y de las prácticas políticas y laborales intentando demostrar que, en primer lugar, los trabajadores redefinieron sus prácticas políticas en base al análisis de las relaciones de poder adversas, caracterizadas por el retorno de la democracia formal, la posición marginal de la clase obrera durante la transición democrática y los nuevos desafíos planteados por el reciente proceso de reconversión industrial y hegemonía neoliberal; y en segundo lugar, que las estrategias sindicales fueron también determinadas por las experiencias de la militancia y la represión de los años 70, en un proceso de revisión del pasado que llevara a una creación del presente. ; The purpose of this article is to reconstruct the way in which the local working class has responded to the social and political changes since the return of democracy, particularly those changes that took place during the first years of Menem's administration, between 1989 and 1991. This reconstruction explores the ideological discourse of the steelworkers and of the labor and political practices, in an attempt to prove that: firstly, the workers redefined their political practices based on the analysis of the adverse power relationships, characterized by the return of formal democracy, the marginal position of the working class during the democratic transition and the new challenges posed by the recent neoliberal hegemony and industrial reconversion process; and, secondly, that the union strategies were also determined by the militancy and repression experience of the '70s, in a process of past revision which will lead to a creation of the present. ; Fil: Apellido, Nombre. Universidad 1. Universidad ...